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• 1. [Image] Large Heat Pump Plants for District Heating Utilizing Geothermal Energy

  	In Sweden large heat pumps in the 10 MW range have been in operation in district heating networks for more than a year. These heat pumps utilize low energy sources like treated sewage water from communities, ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Large Heat Pump Plants for District Heating Utilizing Geothermal Energy Author: Bjelm, L. Year: 1983 In Sweden large heat pumps in the 10 MW range have been in operation in district heating networks for more than a year. These heat pumps utilize low energy sources like treated sewage water from communities, industrial waste water and lake water. In the southernmost part of Sweden projects are now under way where geothermal energy in combination with heat pumps will be used for production of district heat for this region. The size of the project is about 60 MW of heat Title: Large Heat Pump Plants for District Heating Utilizing Geothermal Energy Author: Bjelm, L. Year: 1983 In Sweden large heat pumps in the 10 MW range have been in operation in district heating networks for more than a year. These heat pumps utilize low energy sources like treated sewage water from communities, industrial waste water and lake water. In the southernmost part of Sweden projects are now under way where geothermal energy in combination with heat pumps will be used for production of district heat for this region. The size of the project is about 60 MW of heat Close

• 2. [Image] Heat Pump Economics

  	In performing a life cycle cost analysis for direct use geothermal applications it has been said many times that keeping capital investment to a minimum improves the economics of the project. It has also ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Heat Pump Economics Author: Higbee, C.V. Year: 1983 In performing a life cycle cost analysis for direct use geothermal applications it has been said many times that keeping capital investment to a minimum improves the economics of the project. It has also been said repeatedly that extracting a maximum delta t improves the economics. With very low temperature (less than 100°F) geothermal fluids, it becomes necessary to install a heat pump for most space heating applications. Needless to say, the purchase of a heat pump drives capital costs up, annual operating costs up, and usually results in a very low delta t extraction from the resource. All these characteristics of heat pump applications tend to make such projects uneconomical. There are always exceptions. One of these exceptions occurs when electrical energy is the only energy alternative and the resource is warm enough to obtain a coefficient of performance (COP) of 3.0 or better Title: Heat Pump Economics Author: Higbee, C.V. Year: 1983 In performing a life cycle cost analysis for direct use geothermal applications it has been said many times that keeping capital investment to a minimum improves the economics of the project. It has also been said repeatedly that extracting a maximum delta t improves the economics. With very low temperature (less than 100°F) geothermal fluids, it becomes necessary to install a heat pump for most space heating applications. Needless to say, the purchase of a heat pump drives capital costs up, annual operating costs up, and usually results in a very low delta t extraction from the resource. All these characteristics of heat pump applications tend to make such projects uneconomical. There are always exceptions. One of these exceptions occurs when electrical energy is the only energy alternative and the resource is warm enough to obtain a coefficient of performance (COP) of 3.0 or better Close

• 3. [Image] Strategic Plan for the Geothermal Energy Program

  	The mission of the Program is to work in partnership with U.S. industry to establish geothermal energy as a sustainable, environmentally sound, economically competitive contributor to the U.S. and world ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Strategic Plan for the Geothermal Energy Program Author: Office of Geothermal Technologies Year: 1998 The mission of the Program is to work in partnership with U.S. industry to establish geothermal energy as a sustainable, environmentally sound, economically competitive contributor to the U.S. and world energy supply. In executing its mission and achieving its long-term vision for geothermal energy, the Program has identified five strategic goals. To have electric power generation, to expand direct application uses of geothermal heat pumps, to be an international development, to accelerate in its science and technology and to have future geothermal resources Title: Strategic Plan for the Geothermal Energy Program Author: Office of Geothermal Technologies Year: 1998 The mission of the Program is to work in partnership with U.S. industry to establish geothermal energy as a sustainable, environmentally sound, economically competitive contributor to the U.S. and world energy supply. In executing its mission and achieving its long-term vision for geothermal energy, the Program has identified five strategic goals. To have electric power generation, to expand direct application uses of geothermal heat pumps, to be an international development, to accelerate in its science and technology and to have future geothermal resources Close