Search

Search Results

• 1. [Article] Comparative Analysis of Fresh and Dried Fish Consumption in Rural and Urban Households in Ondo State, Nigeria

  A sine-qua-non for eradicating protein malnutrition in Nigeria is increased ingestion of high-value proteins found in various fish forms. This study attempted to give empirical backing or refutation to ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Comparative Analysis of Fresh and Dried Fish Consumption in Rural and Urban Households in Ondo State, Nigeria Author: Mafimisebi, Taiwo Ejiola A sine-qua-non for eradicating protein malnutrition in Nigeria is increased ingestion of high-value proteins found in various fish forms. This study attempted to give empirical backing or refutation to the assertion that dried fish is consumed more than fresh fish in Nigeria. Data used were gathered in 90 rural and urban households selected through multi-stage sampling technique. Analytical tools used included descriptive, Z-test and Chi-square statistics and regression model. Empirical results revealed mean household size of 7 in both households while average annual income was N471,200.04 ($2,908.6) and N326,466.58 ($2015.2) in urban and rural households, respectively. The average quantity of fresh and dried fish consumed per household per year was 13.0kg and 47.0kg in urban, and 11.5kg and 38.0kg in rural households, respectively. There was no significant difference in the consumption of the dried (1.779, p > 0.10,) and fresh (1.904, p > 0.10) fish forms in both households. OLS regression result revealed that household head’s age and numbers of children below 15 years were not significant in influencing consumption (p> 0.10). Contrariwise, household size and fish price significantly negatively influenced quantity of fish consumed while household income exhibited significant positive effect on consumption. The education variable, which was not significant in dried fish consumption, had significant positive influence on fresh fish consumption. However, 50.0% and 27.0% of the respondents rated affordability and accessibility as the main hindrances to consumption. Policy options directed at tackling the high cost of fresh fish to achieve reduced price and increased consumption, were recommended. Title: Comparative Analysis of Fresh and Dried Fish Consumption in Rural and Urban Households in Ondo State, Nigeria Author: Mafimisebi, Taiwo Ejiola A sine-qua-non for eradicating protein malnutrition in Nigeria is increased ingestion of high-value proteins found in various fish forms. This study attempted to give empirical backing or refutation to the assertion that dried fish is consumed more than fresh fish in Nigeria. Data used were gathered in 90 rural and urban households selected through multi-stage sampling technique. Analytical tools used included descriptive, Z-test and Chi-square statistics and regression model. Empirical results revealed mean household size of 7 in both households while average annual income was N471,200.04 ($2,908.6) and N326,466.58 ($2015.2) in urban and rural households, respectively. The average quantity of fresh and dried fish consumed per household per year was 13.0kg and 47.0kg in urban, and 11.5kg and 38.0kg in rural households, respectively. There was no significant difference in the consumption of the dried (1.779, p > 0.10,) and fresh (1.904, p > 0.10) fish forms in both households. OLS regression result revealed that household head’s age and numbers of children below 15 years were not significant in influencing consumption (p> 0.10). Contrariwise, household size and fish price significantly negatively influenced quantity of fish consumed while household income exhibited significant positive effect on consumption. The education variable, which was not significant in dried fish consumption, had significant positive influence on fresh fish consumption. However, 50.0% and 27.0% of the respondents rated affordability and accessibility as the main hindrances to consumption. Policy options directed at tackling the high cost of fresh fish to achieve reduced price and increased consumption, were recommended. Close

• 2. [Article] Determinants of Land Leasing Decisions for Shrimp Farming: A Case Study of Smallholders' Shrimp Farming In India

  Using primary data collected from 208 shrimp farming households and 69 households leasing-out land for shrimp farming, this paper explores the demographic and economic factors influencing the land leasing ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Determinants of Land Leasing Decisions for Shrimp Farming: A Case Study of Smallholders' Shrimp Farming In India Author: Bhattacharya, Poulomi Using primary data collected from 208 shrimp farming households and 69 households leasing-out land for shrimp farming, this paper explores the demographic and economic factors influencing the land leasing decisions for traditional and scientific shrimp farming in West Bengal, India, applying Tobit Model. The results indicate that size of households‟ land holding is positively related with the extent of land leased-in for traditional shrimp farming whereas for scientific shrimp farming the association was found to be negative. This signifies that land leasing market does not facilitate the households having lesser landholding to lease-in land for shrimp culture in the case of traditional shrimp farming whereas in the case of scientific shrimp farming it does facilitate such households. In the case of traditional shrimp farming households‟ association with other fisheries related activities was also found to have positive influence on their leasing-in decisions . On the supply side, variables like number of adult male members, households‟ association with fisheries related activities and non-farm assets were found to have positive, negative and positive association respectively with the extent of land leased-out for traditional shrimp farming. The analysis also exhibits that the age of the household head has negative relationship with the extent of land leased-out by them both in the case of traditional and scientific shrimp farming. This signifies that existing institutional arrangements in shrimp farming of West Bengal are not considerably successful to motivate young rural people to undertake shrimp farming on their own instead of leasing-out land for shrimp culture and aquaculture policies should address this aspect. Title: Determinants of Land Leasing Decisions for Shrimp Farming: A Case Study of Smallholders' Shrimp Farming In India Author: Bhattacharya, Poulomi Using primary data collected from 208 shrimp farming households and 69 households leasing-out land for shrimp farming, this paper explores the demographic and economic factors influencing the land leasing decisions for traditional and scientific shrimp farming in West Bengal, India, applying Tobit Model. The results indicate that size of households‟ land holding is positively related with the extent of land leased-in for traditional shrimp farming whereas for scientific shrimp farming the association was found to be negative. This signifies that land leasing market does not facilitate the households having lesser landholding to lease-in land for shrimp culture in the case of traditional shrimp farming whereas in the case of scientific shrimp farming it does facilitate such households. In the case of traditional shrimp farming households‟ association with other fisheries related activities was also found to have positive influence on their leasing-in decisions . On the supply side, variables like number of adult male members, households‟ association with fisheries related activities and non-farm assets were found to have positive, negative and positive association respectively with the extent of land leased-out for traditional shrimp farming. The analysis also exhibits that the age of the household head has negative relationship with the extent of land leased-out by them both in the case of traditional and scientific shrimp farming. This signifies that existing institutional arrangements in shrimp farming of West Bengal are not considerably successful to motivate young rural people to undertake shrimp farming on their own instead of leasing-out land for shrimp culture and aquaculture policies should address this aspect. Close

• 3. [Article] Assessing Micronutrient Deficiency As Part of Meeting Millennium Development Goals for Fish Growing Households in Vietnam and the Papua New Guinea

  No poster available.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Assessing Micronutrient Deficiency As Part of Meeting Millennium Development Goals for Fish Growing Households in Vietnam and the Papua New Guinea Author: Ngwenya, Elkana No poster available. Title: Assessing Micronutrient Deficiency As Part of Meeting Millennium Development Goals for Fish Growing Households in Vietnam and the Papua New Guinea Author: Ngwenya, Elkana No poster available. Close

• 4. [Article] Role of Shrimp Farming in Generating Employment and income: A Study of Small- Scale Shrimp Farming in West Bengal, India

  In the light of the usual allegation against shrimp farming as an employment displacing activity, this paper tries to examine the role of shrimp farming in generation of employment and income for small ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Role of Shrimp Farming in Generating Employment and income: A Study of Small- Scale Shrimp Farming in West Bengal, India Author: Bhattacharya, Poulomi In the light of the usual allegation against shrimp farming as an employment displacing activity, this paper tries to examine the role of shrimp farming in generation of employment and income for small scale shrimp farmers in West Bengal, India using primary data collected from 208 traditional and scientific shrimp farmers in West Bengal. The analysis reveals that the labour used (including family labour) for traditional and scientific shrimp farming were 101 mandays per acre and 300 mandays per acre respectively. Both the figures were more than the labour requirement for paddy cultivation in West Bengal. The finding refutes the allegation against shrimp farming as an employment displacing activity as compared paddy cultivation. A comparison of the household income of sample shrimp farmers with the rural poverty line in West Bengal revealed that shrimp farmers of all the categories (small, medium and large) were above the poverty line. However, per capita annual household income of marginal traditional shrimp farmers was quite close to the poverty line which emphasizes the need for pondering special extension facilities to these shrimp farmers. The study also shows that on the whole shrimp farming accounted for about 70% of the annual household income of the sample households. However the importance of shrimp farming was lesser in the case of shrimp farmers with lesser shrimp farm size. This indicates the quest of marginal and small shrimp farmers to diversify their source of income in order to cover the risk associated with shrimp culture. On the whole shrimp farming was proved to be an employment generating activity and had contributed significantly to the income of the sample households. Title: Role of Shrimp Farming in Generating Employment and income: A Study of Small- Scale Shrimp Farming in West Bengal, India Author: Bhattacharya, Poulomi In the light of the usual allegation against shrimp farming as an employment displacing activity, this paper tries to examine the role of shrimp farming in generation of employment and income for small scale shrimp farmers in West Bengal, India using primary data collected from 208 traditional and scientific shrimp farmers in West Bengal. The analysis reveals that the labour used (including family labour) for traditional and scientific shrimp farming were 101 mandays per acre and 300 mandays per acre respectively. Both the figures were more than the labour requirement for paddy cultivation in West Bengal. The finding refutes the allegation against shrimp farming as an employment displacing activity as compared paddy cultivation. A comparison of the household income of sample shrimp farmers with the rural poverty line in West Bengal revealed that shrimp farmers of all the categories (small, medium and large) were above the poverty line. However, per capita annual household income of marginal traditional shrimp farmers was quite close to the poverty line which emphasizes the need for pondering special extension facilities to these shrimp farmers. The study also shows that on the whole shrimp farming accounted for about 70% of the annual household income of the sample households. However the importance of shrimp farming was lesser in the case of shrimp farmers with lesser shrimp farm size. This indicates the quest of marginal and small shrimp farmers to diversify their source of income in order to cover the risk associated with shrimp culture. On the whole shrimp farming was proved to be an employment generating activity and had contributed significantly to the income of the sample households. Close

• 5. [Article] Impacts of Community- Based Fish Culture in Seasonal Floodplains on Livelihoods in Bangladesh

  Abstract only.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Impacts of Community- Based Fish Culture in Seasonal Floodplains on Livelihoods in Bangladesh Author: Dey, Madan Mohan, Visser, Leontine, Haque, A.B.M. Mahfuzul Abstract only. Title: Impacts of Community- Based Fish Culture in Seasonal Floodplains on Livelihoods in Bangladesh Author: Dey, Madan Mohan, Visser, Leontine, Haque, A.B.M. Mahfuzul Abstract only. Close

• 6. [Article] Evaluation of Feed-Type Choices and Performance of Fish Farming in Akure South Local Government Area of Ondo State, Nigeria

  Research Paper and Powerpoint Presentation

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Evaluation of Feed-Type Choices and Performance of Fish Farming in Akure South Local Government Area of Ondo State, Nigeria Author: Bobola, M.O., Ajibefun, A.I., Fatuase, Adewale Isaac Research Paper and Powerpoint Presentation Title: Evaluation of Feed-Type Choices and Performance of Fish Farming in Akure South Local Government Area of Ondo State, Nigeria Author: Bobola, M.O., Ajibefun, A.I., Fatuase, Adewale Isaac Research Paper and Powerpoint Presentation Close

• 7. [Article] Food Security Through Aquaculture Development: Lessons From Bangladesh and Malawi

  Abstract only.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Food Security Through Aquaculture Development: Lessons From Bangladesh and Malawi Author: Jahan, Khondker, Kambewa, Emma Abstract only. Title: Food Security Through Aquaculture Development: Lessons From Bangladesh and Malawi Author: Jahan, Khondker, Kambewa, Emma Abstract only. Close

• 8. [Article] Socio-economic Status of the Post-Tsunami Cage Aquaculture Farmers along Andaman Sea Coast, Thailand

  This study focused on analysis of the influences of the Post-Tsunami Rehabilitation Programs on the socio-economic status of cage aquaculture farmers along Andaman sea coast, Thailand. The study also emphasized ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Socio-economic Status of the Post-Tsunami Cage Aquaculture Farmers along Andaman Sea Coast, Thailand Author: Songrak, Apirak, Sangchan, Suchat, Tanyaros, Suwat, Anantasuk, Rattanaporn This study focused on analysis of the influences of the Post-Tsunami Rehabilitation Programs on the socio-economic status of cage aquaculture farmers along Andaman sea coast, Thailand. The study also emphasized on the enhancement of the livelihood of the farmers. Data was collected by interviewing 164 farmers, who reside in the affected-tsunami areas. The study showed that a large number of farmers were engaged in fish cage culture and small-scale fisheries as main occupations. However, the income from these economic activities could not provide enough for their basic expense, this caused by the effects of tsunami on cage culture. Therefore many farmers have to work as labors. A Post-Tsunami Rehabilitation Program since year 2005 has been trying to help and support farmers a fund to improve the materials of aquacultural cages and fishing gears. The analyses showed that the quality and quantity of equipment, seeds and feeds invested in aquaculture farms were increased (P<0.01) comparison to pre-recovery period. Importantly, the farm area, growth rate, amount of product and revenue were improved (P<0.05) during the post-tsunami rehabilitation period. Additionally, the area and quality of house, household consumption, household infrastructures, health care and education were also improved (P<0.01). The satisfaction of farmers regard to the recovery programs was quite high (WAI=3.88). However, their expectation was to have more support of fund and knowledge/technology transfer. In this study, we also found that the knowledge on fish marketing and culture techniques were poor. Lack of alternative income generation would threat on cage culture and small-scale fisheries. Henceforth, the rehabilitation program should be more paid attention on these findings. Capacity building for community strengthening was also important for sustainable post-tsunami aquaculture and small-scale fisheries in this area. Title: Socio-economic Status of the Post-Tsunami Cage Aquaculture Farmers along Andaman Sea Coast, Thailand Author: Songrak, Apirak, Sangchan, Suchat, Tanyaros, Suwat, Anantasuk, Rattanaporn This study focused on analysis of the influences of the Post-Tsunami Rehabilitation Programs on the socio-economic status of cage aquaculture farmers along Andaman sea coast, Thailand. The study also emphasized on the enhancement of the livelihood of the farmers. Data was collected by interviewing 164 farmers, who reside in the affected-tsunami areas. The study showed that a large number of farmers were engaged in fish cage culture and small-scale fisheries as main occupations. However, the income from these economic activities could not provide enough for their basic expense, this caused by the effects of tsunami on cage culture. Therefore many farmers have to work as labors. A Post-Tsunami Rehabilitation Program since year 2005 has been trying to help and support farmers a fund to improve the materials of aquacultural cages and fishing gears. The analyses showed that the quality and quantity of equipment, seeds and feeds invested in aquaculture farms were increased (P<0.01) comparison to pre-recovery period. Importantly, the farm area, growth rate, amount of product and revenue were improved (P<0.05) during the post-tsunami rehabilitation period. Additionally, the area and quality of house, household consumption, household infrastructures, health care and education were also improved (P<0.01). The satisfaction of farmers regard to the recovery programs was quite high (WAI=3.88). However, their expectation was to have more support of fund and knowledge/technology transfer. In this study, we also found that the knowledge on fish marketing and culture techniques were poor. Lack of alternative income generation would threat on cage culture and small-scale fisheries. Henceforth, the rehabilitation program should be more paid attention on these findings. Capacity building for community strengthening was also important for sustainable post-tsunami aquaculture and small-scale fisheries in this area. Close

• 9. [Article] An Examination of Productivity Potential of Aquaculture Farms in Alleviating Household Poverty: Estimation and Policy Implications from Nigeria

  This study examines income generation potential and resource- use efficiency of aquaculture farms in Nigeria. A total of 120 aquaculture farms were sampled. Using gross margin (GM) analysis, the result ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: An Examination of Productivity Potential of Aquaculture Farms in Alleviating Household Poverty: Estimation and Policy Implications from Nigeria Author: Ogundari, Kolawole This study examines income generation potential and resource- use efficiency of aquaculture farms in Nigeria. A total of 120 aquaculture farms were sampled. Using gross margin (GM) analysis, the result shows that, all the sampled farms were able to cover their total operating expenses with an average GM > 200,000 naira per annum. The assessed parameters of resource use-efficiency of the farms with stochastic frontier models (SFM) revealed that, elasticities of inputs, such as: pond size, feeds, fingerlings, and other costs were significantly different from zero. While returns to scale of 1.16 obtained from the analysis suggests that, an average farm from the study, exhibits increasing returns to scale. The estimated efficiency score revealed a significant level of inefficiency with an average technical efficiency of about 81%. This suggests that about 19% potential yield are forgone due to inefficiency from the study. The result of sources of technical efficiency shows that; extension, education, stocking density, and credit significantly influenced efficiency of the farms. Similarly, the result of the simulated marginal effects of the inefficiency variables shows that, extension has the highest marginal effects on the efficiency score follows by credit, education, and stocking density. The implications of these findings, therefore, suggest that, aquaculture will provide potential channel of income generation for households in the country considering the size of the profit obtained from the analysis. However, as matter of policy concern, extension with the highest simulated marginal effects on the efficiency score is expected to generate a large increase in the overall performance of the sector if strengthen for sustainable fish production in Nigeria. Title: An Examination of Productivity Potential of Aquaculture Farms in Alleviating Household Poverty: Estimation and Policy Implications from Nigeria Author: Ogundari, Kolawole This study examines income generation potential and resource- use efficiency of aquaculture farms in Nigeria. A total of 120 aquaculture farms were sampled. Using gross margin (GM) analysis, the result shows that, all the sampled farms were able to cover their total operating expenses with an average GM > 200,000 naira per annum. The assessed parameters of resource use-efficiency of the farms with stochastic frontier models (SFM) revealed that, elasticities of inputs, such as: pond size, feeds, fingerlings, and other costs were significantly different from zero. While returns to scale of 1.16 obtained from the analysis suggests that, an average farm from the study, exhibits increasing returns to scale. The estimated efficiency score revealed a significant level of inefficiency with an average technical efficiency of about 81%. This suggests that about 19% potential yield are forgone due to inefficiency from the study. The result of sources of technical efficiency shows that; extension, education, stocking density, and credit significantly influenced efficiency of the farms. Similarly, the result of the simulated marginal effects of the inefficiency variables shows that, extension has the highest marginal effects on the efficiency score follows by credit, education, and stocking density. The implications of these findings, therefore, suggest that, aquaculture will provide potential channel of income generation for households in the country considering the size of the profit obtained from the analysis. However, as matter of policy concern, extension with the highest simulated marginal effects on the efficiency score is expected to generate a large increase in the overall performance of the sector if strengthen for sustainable fish production in Nigeria. Close

• 10. [Article] Impacts of Aquaculture Extension on Pond Operators and the Rural Community

  In 1990-1993 in Kapasia sub-district in central Bangladesh ICLARM introduced low-input aquaculture for pond owners to adapt into their farming systems. Impacts on production, fish consumption and markets ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Impacts of Aquaculture Extension on Pond Operators and the Rural Community Author: Sultana, Parvin, Khan, Akm Firoz, Thompson, Paul M., Nuruzzaman, Md. Year: 2001 In 1990-1993 in Kapasia sub-district in central Bangladesh ICLARM introduced low-input aquaculture for pond owners to adapt into their farming systems. Impacts on production, fish consumption and markets were assessed in 1998-1999. The percentage of ponds stocked increased from 1990 to 1998, but did not differ significantly between past participants (increased from 61% to 90%), neighboring pond operators or a control area. In 1992 participants produced 2 t/ha compared with 0.5 t/ha in 1990. In 1997-1998 the previous participants produced significantly more 2.2 t/ha, compared with 1.6 t/ha for other pond operators in Kapasia and 1.3 t/ha in the control area (p<0.001, t-test). Non-participants learnt of aquaculture from neighbors or mass media. Total production from ponds in the project area in 1998 was 4.2 times greater than in 1990. Without that project, production would probably have gradually increased 2.8 times. Local fish markets were surveyed in 1991 and 1999. The volume of fish traded increased 8 times. Carp from local ponds now dominate trade. Consequently the real price of carp has fallen, while that of indigenous fish has increased. Detailed participatory monitoring revealed much higher fish consumption than recall data. Pond owning households consumed 211 kg per household in 1998-1999 (just under 90 g/person/day), about 25% came from their own ponds. Small fish purchased or caught in flooded fields were mainly consumed, pond fish were sold for income. Title: Impacts of Aquaculture Extension on Pond Operators and the Rural Community Author: Sultana, Parvin, Khan, Akm Firoz, Thompson, Paul M., Nuruzzaman, Md. Year: 2001 In 1990-1993 in Kapasia sub-district in central Bangladesh ICLARM introduced low-input aquaculture for pond owners to adapt into their farming systems. Impacts on production, fish consumption and markets were assessed in 1998-1999. The percentage of ponds stocked increased from 1990 to 1998, but did not differ significantly between past participants (increased from 61% to 90%), neighboring pond operators or a control area. In 1992 participants produced 2 t/ha compared with 0.5 t/ha in 1990. In 1997-1998 the previous participants produced significantly more 2.2 t/ha, compared with 1.6 t/ha for other pond operators in Kapasia and 1.3 t/ha in the control area (p<0.001, t-test). Non-participants learnt of aquaculture from neighbors or mass media. Total production from ponds in the project area in 1998 was 4.2 times greater than in 1990. Without that project, production would probably have gradually increased 2.8 times. Local fish markets were surveyed in 1991 and 1999. The volume of fish traded increased 8 times. Carp from local ponds now dominate trade. Consequently the real price of carp has fallen, while that of indigenous fish has increased. Detailed participatory monitoring revealed much higher fish consumption than recall data. Pond owning households consumed 211 kg per household in 1998-1999 (just under 90 g/person/day), about 25% came from their own ponds. Small fish purchased or caught in flooded fields were mainly consumed, pond fish were sold for income. Close