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• 1. [Article] Determinants of Land Leasing Decisions for Shrimp Farming: A Case Study of Smallholders' Shrimp Farming In India

  Using primary data collected from 208 shrimp farming households and 69 households leasing-out land for shrimp farming, this paper explores the demographic and economic factors influencing the land leasing ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Determinants of Land Leasing Decisions for Shrimp Farming: A Case Study of Smallholders' Shrimp Farming In India Author: Bhattacharya, Poulomi Using primary data collected from 208 shrimp farming households and 69 households leasing-out land for shrimp farming, this paper explores the demographic and economic factors influencing the land leasing decisions for traditional and scientific shrimp farming in West Bengal, India, applying Tobit Model. The results indicate that size of households‟ land holding is positively related with the extent of land leased-in for traditional shrimp farming whereas for scientific shrimp farming the association was found to be negative. This signifies that land leasing market does not facilitate the households having lesser landholding to lease-in land for shrimp culture in the case of traditional shrimp farming whereas in the case of scientific shrimp farming it does facilitate such households. In the case of traditional shrimp farming households‟ association with other fisheries related activities was also found to have positive influence on their leasing-in decisions . On the supply side, variables like number of adult male members, households‟ association with fisheries related activities and non-farm assets were found to have positive, negative and positive association respectively with the extent of land leased-out for traditional shrimp farming. The analysis also exhibits that the age of the household head has negative relationship with the extent of land leased-out by them both in the case of traditional and scientific shrimp farming. This signifies that existing institutional arrangements in shrimp farming of West Bengal are not considerably successful to motivate young rural people to undertake shrimp farming on their own instead of leasing-out land for shrimp culture and aquaculture policies should address this aspect. Title: Determinants of Land Leasing Decisions for Shrimp Farming: A Case Study of Smallholders' Shrimp Farming In India Author: Bhattacharya, Poulomi Using primary data collected from 208 shrimp farming households and 69 households leasing-out land for shrimp farming, this paper explores the demographic and economic factors influencing the land leasing decisions for traditional and scientific shrimp farming in West Bengal, India, applying Tobit Model. The results indicate that size of households‟ land holding is positively related with the extent of land leased-in for traditional shrimp farming whereas for scientific shrimp farming the association was found to be negative. This signifies that land leasing market does not facilitate the households having lesser landholding to lease-in land for shrimp culture in the case of traditional shrimp farming whereas in the case of scientific shrimp farming it does facilitate such households. In the case of traditional shrimp farming households‟ association with other fisheries related activities was also found to have positive influence on their leasing-in decisions . On the supply side, variables like number of adult male members, households‟ association with fisheries related activities and non-farm assets were found to have positive, negative and positive association respectively with the extent of land leased-out for traditional shrimp farming. The analysis also exhibits that the age of the household head has negative relationship with the extent of land leased-out by them both in the case of traditional and scientific shrimp farming. This signifies that existing institutional arrangements in shrimp farming of West Bengal are not considerably successful to motivate young rural people to undertake shrimp farming on their own instead of leasing-out land for shrimp culture and aquaculture policies should address this aspect. Close

• 2. [Article] Optimal Farm Size for the Production of the Mediterranean Mussel (Mytilus Galloprovincialis) in Greece

  The profitability of the Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) farming depends on a combination of factors including natural productivity, technical practices, production costs and product pricing. ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Optimal Farm Size for the Production of the Mediterranean Mussel (Mytilus Galloprovincialis) in Greece Author: Adams, Charles M., Tzovenis, Ioannis, Sorgeloos, Patrick, Viaene, Jacques, Theodorou, John A. The profitability of the Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) farming depends on a combination of factors including natural productivity, technical practices, production costs and product pricing. In an effort to analyse the financial risks of the mussel farming in Greece, we examined the profitability of the different farm sizes (1 to 4 ha) under the present situation of the local market and the modern production practices. Assuming that a farm works at a reasonable 80 % of its annual capacity and uses the widely accepted long-line technique, it was demonstrated that a farm size less than 2 ha is not viable economically. Moreover, the cost of the new establishments and the modernization of the existing ones is affordable only if larger enterprise structures are adopted. Consequently, the past EU and/or public support (up to 45% of the total cost of the fixed assets) has been critical for the development of the industry. Taking in account that the majority of the Greek mussel farms are rather small (1-2 ha), we concluded that for financial sustainability the sector needs to be restructured and be organised in larger schemes, such as those of producers organisations or co-operatives, in order to benefit from scale economics and attract better funding. Title: Optimal Farm Size for the Production of the Mediterranean Mussel (Mytilus Galloprovincialis) in Greece Author: Adams, Charles M., Tzovenis, Ioannis, Sorgeloos, Patrick, Viaene, Jacques, Theodorou, John A. The profitability of the Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) farming depends on a combination of factors including natural productivity, technical practices, production costs and product pricing. In an effort to analyse the financial risks of the mussel farming in Greece, we examined the profitability of the different farm sizes (1 to 4 ha) under the present situation of the local market and the modern production practices. Assuming that a farm works at a reasonable 80 % of its annual capacity and uses the widely accepted long-line technique, it was demonstrated that a farm size less than 2 ha is not viable economically. Moreover, the cost of the new establishments and the modernization of the existing ones is affordable only if larger enterprise structures are adopted. Consequently, the past EU and/or public support (up to 45% of the total cost of the fixed assets) has been critical for the development of the industry. Taking in account that the majority of the Greek mussel farms are rather small (1-2 ha), we concluded that for financial sustainability the sector needs to be restructured and be organised in larger schemes, such as those of producers organisations or co-operatives, in order to benefit from scale economics and attract better funding. Close

• 3. [Article] Performance of Fish Farms in Ghana - A Stochastic Frontier Approach

  Abstract only.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Performance of Fish Farms in Ghana - A Stochastic Frontier Approach Author: Brümmer, Bernhard, Hörstgen-Schwark, Gabriele, Onumah, Edward Abstract only. Title: Performance of Fish Farms in Ghana - A Stochastic Frontier Approach Author: Brümmer, Bernhard, Hörstgen-Schwark, Gabriele, Onumah, Edward Abstract only. Close

• 4. [Article] Impact of Cultural Practices on the individual and Collective Economic Performances in Shellfish Farming: the Case of Oyster Farming in Baie Des Veys

  The access regulation within the shellfish farming sector in France is based on a co-management system relying on both a national legislation, defining the general access conditions to maritime public ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Impact of Cultural Practices on the individual and Collective Economic Performances in Shellfish Farming: the Case of Oyster Farming in Baie Des Veys Author: Agundez, José Perez, Vornière, Jean-Philippe, Girard, Sophie, Gangnery, Aline The access regulation within the shellfish farming sector in France is based on a co-management system relying on both a national legislation, defining the general access conditions to maritime public grounds, and regional regulation systems, called “Regional Structural Schemes”. The latter specify the farming rules in cooperation with the administration, scientific and professional representatives. This regulation system, which aims at managing the common primary resources at the scale of a shellfish farming basin, is under review in the baie des Veys, on the Normandy coastline. In this context, biological modelling is used to assess the carrying capacity of the bay and to provide tools for modifying the RSS in a more sustainable way. Another objective of the study is to shift to bio-economic modelling, implying for the model to take into account extra technical and economical parameters. A specific survey has therefore been carried out for collecting detailed information on the cultural practices of the oyster farming companies, and for analysing the links with their structural characteristics and performance indicators, in terms of productivity and output. This article reviews the context of oyster farming in the baie des Veys from the environmental, socio-economic and institutional point of view. After the presentation of the methodology used for the survey, its results are analysed and a synthesis is made, leading to the identification of the main farming technical profiles. At this stage of the study, only theoretical developments on modelling are considered and outlooks in terms of collective management measures are discussed. Title: Impact of Cultural Practices on the individual and Collective Economic Performances in Shellfish Farming: the Case of Oyster Farming in Baie Des Veys Author: Agundez, José Perez, Vornière, Jean-Philippe, Girard, Sophie, Gangnery, Aline The access regulation within the shellfish farming sector in France is based on a co-management system relying on both a national legislation, defining the general access conditions to maritime public grounds, and regional regulation systems, called “Regional Structural Schemes”. The latter specify the farming rules in cooperation with the administration, scientific and professional representatives. This regulation system, which aims at managing the common primary resources at the scale of a shellfish farming basin, is under review in the baie des Veys, on the Normandy coastline. In this context, biological modelling is used to assess the carrying capacity of the bay and to provide tools for modifying the RSS in a more sustainable way. Another objective of the study is to shift to bio-economic modelling, implying for the model to take into account extra technical and economical parameters. A specific survey has therefore been carried out for collecting detailed information on the cultural practices of the oyster farming companies, and for analysing the links with their structural characteristics and performance indicators, in terms of productivity and output. This article reviews the context of oyster farming in the baie des Veys from the environmental, socio-economic and institutional point of view. After the presentation of the methodology used for the survey, its results are analysed and a synthesis is made, leading to the identification of the main farming technical profiles. At this stage of the study, only theoretical developments on modelling are considered and outlooks in terms of collective management measures are discussed. Close

• 5. [Article] Technical Efficiency of Urban Fish Farming in Oyo State-Nigeria

  Abstract only.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Technical Efficiency of Urban Fish Farming in Oyo State-Nigeria Author: Olajide, Ajao, Olusola, Ogunjimi Abstract only. Title: Technical Efficiency of Urban Fish Farming in Oyo State-Nigeria Author: Olajide, Ajao, Olusola, Ogunjimi Abstract only. Close

• 6. [Article] Measurement of Technical Efficiency of Farmed Catfish Production in Southwest, Nigeria: A Stochastic Frontier Production Function Approach

  Catfishes are the most popularly raised and consumed fish species in Nigeria. Given changes in the dynamics of the aquaculture sector, this paper estimated technical efficiency and factors contributing ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Measurement of Technical Efficiency of Farmed Catfish Production in Southwest, Nigeria: A Stochastic Frontier Production Function Approach Author: Mafimisebi, Taiwo Ejiola Catfishes are the most popularly raised and consumed fish species in Nigeria. Given changes in the dynamics of the aquaculture sector, this paper estimated technical efficiency and factors contributing to it using data collected from 108 farmers stocking catfish in earthen ponds in the study area. Catfish aquaculture was found to be capital intensive. The most expensive item of total variable cost (TVC) was fish feeds which accounted for 61.4% and 67.8% of TVC in Ondo and Ogun States, respectively. There were no significant differences in cost items between the two States. Empirical analysis showed wide variations in predicted TEs across farms ranging from 48.4% to 77.2% in Ondo State and 45.4% to 82.1% in Ogun State with means of 64.0% and 67.0%, respectively. The results also indicate that coefficients of the quantity of feeds, total number of ponds, labour and number of times pond water is changed were positive and highly significant in catfish production. The inefficiency model revealed that age and farming experience coefficients (significant) and education level coefficient (not significant) were negative indicating that older and more experienced farmers tended to be less inefficient. The test of various null hypotheses showed that the inefficiency effects were related to the age, management pattern, years of experience and education level of farmers. The study identified the opportunities that exist for improving TE in the study area. Results of the analysis having implications for the aquaculture industry and for policy-makers were discussed. Title: Measurement of Technical Efficiency of Farmed Catfish Production in Southwest, Nigeria: A Stochastic Frontier Production Function Approach Author: Mafimisebi, Taiwo Ejiola Catfishes are the most popularly raised and consumed fish species in Nigeria. Given changes in the dynamics of the aquaculture sector, this paper estimated technical efficiency and factors contributing to it using data collected from 108 farmers stocking catfish in earthen ponds in the study area. Catfish aquaculture was found to be capital intensive. The most expensive item of total variable cost (TVC) was fish feeds which accounted for 61.4% and 67.8% of TVC in Ondo and Ogun States, respectively. There were no significant differences in cost items between the two States. Empirical analysis showed wide variations in predicted TEs across farms ranging from 48.4% to 77.2% in Ondo State and 45.4% to 82.1% in Ogun State with means of 64.0% and 67.0%, respectively. The results also indicate that coefficients of the quantity of feeds, total number of ponds, labour and number of times pond water is changed were positive and highly significant in catfish production. The inefficiency model revealed that age and farming experience coefficients (significant) and education level coefficient (not significant) were negative indicating that older and more experienced farmers tended to be less inefficient. The test of various null hypotheses showed that the inefficiency effects were related to the age, management pattern, years of experience and education level of farmers. The study identified the opportunities that exist for improving TE in the study area. Results of the analysis having implications for the aquaculture industry and for policy-makers were discussed. Close

• 7. [Article] Shrimp Farming and Conservation Networks: The Case of East Kalimantan, Indonesia

  In Indonesia, shrimp pond development and shrimp production expended significantly. There are also signs that this expansion has caused an environmental damaged, especially on the existence on mangrove ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Shrimp Farming and Conservation Networks: The Case of East Kalimantan, Indonesia Author: Kusumawati, Rini, Bush, Simon In Indonesia, shrimp pond development and shrimp production expended significantly. There are also signs that this expansion has caused an environmental damaged, especially on the existence on mangrove forest. This extensification or expansion process has been facilitated by the national government through various support programs. Another important factor affecting the shrimp production and trade is the rising demand in EU and US for sustainable marine products, especially shrimp production and related products. The rising environmental awareness in Europe and US about the environmental impact of shrimp ponds in producer countries likely to put pressure on shrimp producing countries such as Indonesia. The "idea" of green shrimp has arrived in the area, but it is not passively adopted and implemented. It is being "negotiated" and translated into local concepts according to local stakeholder goals and strategies. This paper aims to analyze actors goals and strategies and understand what the "reality" of green shrimp trade in the area is. These above processes are illustrated with case study material from Tarakan, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Title: Shrimp Farming and Conservation Networks: The Case of East Kalimantan, Indonesia Author: Kusumawati, Rini, Bush, Simon In Indonesia, shrimp pond development and shrimp production expended significantly. There are also signs that this expansion has caused an environmental damaged, especially on the existence on mangrove forest. This extensification or expansion process has been facilitated by the national government through various support programs. Another important factor affecting the shrimp production and trade is the rising demand in EU and US for sustainable marine products, especially shrimp production and related products. The rising environmental awareness in Europe and US about the environmental impact of shrimp ponds in producer countries likely to put pressure on shrimp producing countries such as Indonesia. The "idea" of green shrimp has arrived in the area, but it is not passively adopted and implemented. It is being "negotiated" and translated into local concepts according to local stakeholder goals and strategies. This paper aims to analyze actors goals and strategies and understand what the "reality" of green shrimp trade in the area is. These above processes are illustrated with case study material from Tarakan, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Close

• 8. [Article] Economic Efficiency of Aquaculture Production in Edo State, Nigeria

  The study examines economic efficiency of aquaculture production in Edo State. The data for the analysis were obtained from the fish farmers through the administration of structured questionnaire, using ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Economic Efficiency of Aquaculture Production in Edo State, Nigeria Author: Alabi, Reuben Adeolu, Esobhawan, Albert The study examines economic efficiency of aquaculture production in Edo State. The data for the analysis were obtained from the fish farmers through the administration of structured questionnaire, using multistage sampling technique and leading to the selection of 100 respondents. Data were analyzed, using stochastic frontier production function as in Frontier Version 4.1, applying the maximum likelihood estimation technique. The result of the analysis shows that the fish farmers were operating at the positive increasing returns to scale (RTS = 2.055). The study shows that if the amount of fingerlings, hired labour, family labour, quantity of feeds and annual cost of materials were increased by 100% in aquaculture production, total fish output in the aquaculture farms will increase by 40.2%, 136.9%, 6.5%, 26.5%, and 7.6% for each of the increase in the input respectively.. This establishes the fact that these resources were under utilized in aquaculture production in Edo State. The mean technical efficiency estimated at about 63% is suggesting that the aquaculture farmers were only 63% efficient in the use of the combination of their inputs. The study concludes that aquaculture production and its efficiency can be increased in Edo State in Nigeria by increasing the stocking density, increase access to credit and extension services. If these are done, the contribution of aquaculture fishery to total fish supply in Nigeria that was about 5% in 1991, and then increased to 12% in 2007, can increase faster to about 40% in the nearest future. Title: Economic Efficiency of Aquaculture Production in Edo State, Nigeria Author: Alabi, Reuben Adeolu, Esobhawan, Albert The study examines economic efficiency of aquaculture production in Edo State. The data for the analysis were obtained from the fish farmers through the administration of structured questionnaire, using multistage sampling technique and leading to the selection of 100 respondents. Data were analyzed, using stochastic frontier production function as in Frontier Version 4.1, applying the maximum likelihood estimation technique. The result of the analysis shows that the fish farmers were operating at the positive increasing returns to scale (RTS = 2.055). The study shows that if the amount of fingerlings, hired labour, family labour, quantity of feeds and annual cost of materials were increased by 100% in aquaculture production, total fish output in the aquaculture farms will increase by 40.2%, 136.9%, 6.5%, 26.5%, and 7.6% for each of the increase in the input respectively.. This establishes the fact that these resources were under utilized in aquaculture production in Edo State. The mean technical efficiency estimated at about 63% is suggesting that the aquaculture farmers were only 63% efficient in the use of the combination of their inputs. The study concludes that aquaculture production and its efficiency can be increased in Edo State in Nigeria by increasing the stocking density, increase access to credit and extension services. If these are done, the contribution of aquaculture fishery to total fish supply in Nigeria that was about 5% in 1991, and then increased to 12% in 2007, can increase faster to about 40% in the nearest future. Close