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• 21. [Article] Quantification of Lipoic Acid Induced Changes in Nrf2-Mediated Stress Response

  As organisms age they lose the ability to respond to both exogenous and endogenous stresses, therefore placing them at a greater risk for the development of many diseases. The transcription factor Nrf2 ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Quantification of Lipoic Acid Induced Changes in Nrf2-Mediated Stress Response Author: Hobbs, Helen T. As organisms age they lose the ability to respond to both exogenous and endogenous stresses, therefore placing them at a greater risk for the development of many diseases. The transcription factor Nrf2 is responsible for the induction of many oxidative stress response genes and therefore 3proteins. Additionally, Nrf2-mediated stress response has been shown to decline with age. In rats and mice, the compound α-lipoic acid (LA) appears to reverse this age related loss, however the effectiveness of LA in humans has not yet been demonstrated. In this study salivary levels of the Nrf2-mediated protein aldehyde dehydrogenase 3A1 (ALDH3A1) were measured during both LA and placebo supplementation in human subjects. Results indicate that ALDH3A1 levels show a delayed increase as a result of LA. In addition to ALDH3A1 levels in saliva, expression Nrf2-regulated genes heme oxygenase 1 (HO1) and γ-glutamylcysteine ligase (GCLC) in white blood cells were measured via RT-qPCR. GCLC expression in white blood cells did not change following LA supplementation, but HO1 levels decreased, which may be indicative of an overall increase in glutathione (GSH). This study was part of a small, pilot clinical trial and the data obtained from this study suggest possible method in which LA induced changes in Nrf2-mediated stress response can be studied in humans. Title: Quantification of Lipoic Acid Induced Changes in Nrf2-Mediated Stress Response Author: Hobbs, Helen T. As organisms age they lose the ability to respond to both exogenous and endogenous stresses, therefore placing them at a greater risk for the development of many diseases. The transcription factor Nrf2 is responsible for the induction of many oxidative stress response genes and therefore 3proteins. Additionally, Nrf2-mediated stress response has been shown to decline with age. In rats and mice, the compound α-lipoic acid (LA) appears to reverse this age related loss, however the effectiveness of LA in humans has not yet been demonstrated. In this study salivary levels of the Nrf2-mediated protein aldehyde dehydrogenase 3A1 (ALDH3A1) were measured during both LA and placebo supplementation in human subjects. Results indicate that ALDH3A1 levels show a delayed increase as a result of LA. In addition to ALDH3A1 levels in saliva, expression Nrf2-regulated genes heme oxygenase 1 (HO1) and γ-glutamylcysteine ligase (GCLC) in white blood cells were measured via RT-qPCR. GCLC expression in white blood cells did not change following LA supplementation, but HO1 levels decreased, which may be indicative of an overall increase in glutathione (GSH). This study was part of a small, pilot clinical trial and the data obtained from this study suggest possible method in which LA induced changes in Nrf2-mediated stress response can be studied in humans. Close

• 22. [Article] Valuing old age: the relationship between societal value and health outcomes in the elderly

  This project looks at the relationship between social value and health outcomes among elderly individuals. It looks at the World Values Survey for an international view on how different societies view ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Valuing old age: the relationship between societal value and health outcomes in the elderly Author: Owings, Taylor This project looks at the relationship between social value and health outcomes among elderly individuals. It looks at the World Values Survey for an international view on how different societies view the elderly populations and compares it to the life expectancy rates in those societies. This research also addresses the impact poverty can have on both social value and health outcomes. This research uses Symbolic Interactionism for a theoretical base. Based on the theory of Symbolic Interactionism, the way people interact with the elderly in society will help them construct their own identity as an aging human. Symbolic Interactionism would claim that there is a positive relationship between societal value and the health outcomes of the elderly and that in societies that place higher value on the aging, the elderly will be physically and mentally healthier and vice versa. This analysis found that when controlling for poverty there is a significant relationship between the societal value of the elderly and health outcomes. Title: Valuing old age: the relationship between societal value and health outcomes in the elderly Author: Owings, Taylor This project looks at the relationship between social value and health outcomes among elderly individuals. It looks at the World Values Survey for an international view on how different societies view the elderly populations and compares it to the life expectancy rates in those societies. This research also addresses the impact poverty can have on both social value and health outcomes. This research uses Symbolic Interactionism for a theoretical base. Based on the theory of Symbolic Interactionism, the way people interact with the elderly in society will help them construct their own identity as an aging human. Symbolic Interactionism would claim that there is a positive relationship between societal value and the health outcomes of the elderly and that in societies that place higher value on the aging, the elderly will be physically and mentally healthier and vice versa. This analysis found that when controlling for poverty there is a significant relationship between the societal value of the elderly and health outcomes. Close

• 23. [Article] Risk factors for cardiovascular disease across the spectrum of older age: The Cardiovascular Health Study

  To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Elsevier ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Risk factors for cardiovascular disease across the spectrum of older age: The Cardiovascular Health Study Author: Shlipak, Michael G., Whitson, Heather E., et al., Odden, Michelle C. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Elsevier and can be found at: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/atherosclerosis/. Title: Risk factors for cardiovascular disease across the spectrum of older age: The Cardiovascular Health Study Author: Shlipak, Michael G., Whitson, Heather E., et al., Odden, Michelle C. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Elsevier and can be found at: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/atherosclerosis/. Close

• 24. [Article] Facts and fallacies of aging

  Published June 1976. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Facts and fallacies of aging Author: Pacific Northwest Cooperative Extension, Pratt, Clara C. Published June 1976. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog Title: Facts and fallacies of aging Author: Pacific Northwest Cooperative Extension, Pratt, Clara C. Published June 1976. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog Close

• 25. [Article] Age-related decrease in resilience against acute redox cycling agents: Critical role of declining GSH-dependent detoxification capacity

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Age-related decrease in resilience against acute redox cycling agents: Critical role of declining GSH-dependent detoxification capacity Author: Thomas, Nicholas, O. Title: Age-related decrease in resilience against acute redox cycling agents: Critical role of declining GSH-dependent detoxification capacity Author: Thomas, Nicholas, O. Close

• 26. [Article] What do you know about aging? : facts and fallacies

  Declared out of print July 2010. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate....

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: What do you know about aging? : facts and fallacies Author: Washington State University. Cooperative Extension, University of Idaho. Cooperative Extension System, Schmall, Vicki L., Pacific Northwest Cooperative Extension, United States. Dept. of Agriculture, Oregon State University. Extension Service, Pratt, Clara C. Declared out of print July 2010. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog Title: What do you know about aging? : facts and fallacies Author: Washington State University. Cooperative Extension, University of Idaho. Cooperative Extension System, Schmall, Vicki L., Pacific Northwest Cooperative Extension, United States. Dept. of Agriculture, Oregon State University. Extension Service, Pratt, Clara C. Declared out of print July 2010. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog Close

• 27. [Article] Oxidative gelation and functionality of wheat flour : effects of grain storage, flour aging, and grain type (hard or soft)

  This study examined changes in flour functionality during storage of grain and subsequent aging of flour milled from the grain. Freshly harvested grain was stored for 24 weeks and flour milled from the ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Oxidative gelation and functionality of wheat flour : effects of grain storage, flour aging, and grain type (hard or soft) Author: Mattson, Jacob E. This study examined changes in flour functionality during storage of grain and subsequent aging of flour milled from the grain. Freshly harvested grain was stored for 24 weeks and flour milled from the grain at specified time intervals after harvest (0, 3, 6, 12, and 24 weeks). For each milling date flour functionality was measured on the day of milling (day 0) and at specified intervals after milling (1, 3, 6, 13, 27, and 62 days). Storage and aging were conducted at 23 ± 1°C. The functional properties examined were flour absorption characteristics, quantified using the solvent retention capacity (SRC) test, and oxidative gelation capacity (OGC), which was measured viscometrically, using a Rapid Visco Analyzer (RVA). SRC measures absorption capacity of flour emphasizing different flour polymers in each of the four solvents (water, all polymers: sucrose, arabinoxylans (AX) and gliadins: sodium carbonate, damaged starch: lactic acid, glutenins). Oxidative gelation is a process whereupon a weak gel is formed in a hydrated flour system under oxidative conditions and is thought to be largely a function of the reactivity of ferulic acid residues esterified to AX, although proteins are also involved. To determine if oxidation of flour lipids might accompany changes in OGC, the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA), a lipid oxidation byproduct, was measured. Four soft-wheat varieties with divergent functionalities were selected to examine the effects of storage and aging. Additionally, a survey was conducted to examine the range of OGC in a selection of hard-grained wheat varieties from the Oregon State University wheat-breeding program. From this survey, one variety with high and one variety with low OGC were selected for a pilot study to determine the effect of hydrogen peroxide and azodicarbonamide (ADA) concentrations on OGC in straight grade flour. Variety was the strongest factor in determining flour functionality expressed as SRC and OGC. This is unsurprising, because varieties were chosen based on differences in absorption characteristics and OGC as indicated by preliminary testing. In contrast, variety was the weakest factor in determining changes in MDA concentration. As a function of grain storage time, water, sucrose and sodium carbonate SRC values increased. In contrast, lactic acid SRC values declined. Although many of these changes were statistically significant, their functional significance remains unclear. As a function of grain storage time, OGC initially increased to week 3 then declined to week 24. Not only was this change statistically significant, but the magnitude of the change could be considered functionally significant. Because OGC is a trait that currently only has theoretical value in food processing (i.e. OGC is not a trait currently taken into consideration during food processing), it is difficult to definitively conclude what constitutes functional significance. Grain storage time had the strongest influence on changes in MDA concentration. The trend of changes in MDA concentration was similar to that observed for OGC. Flour age was the weakest contributor to changes in SRC. Looking at individual SRC solvents, flour aging time did not significantly influence changes in water SRC values. However, as flour aged, sucrose SRC values significantly increased and sodium carbonate and lactic acid SRC values decreased. Although changes in sucrose, sodium carbonate, and lactic acid SRCs were statistically significant, their functional significance was again unclear. As a function of flour age, OGC increased. As a function of flour age, MDA concentration initially increased, but subsequently declined and remained constant from day 6 to day 62. Each variety appeared to show a different relationship between peroxide peak viscosity (PPV) and peroxide peak breakdown viscosity (PPBV). Proportional PPBV also appeared to differ between varieties, and the relationships (PPBV% vs PPV) were nonlinear. This suggested that there was a maximum PPV for each variety at which PPBV no longer increased. Data suggest qualitative differences in the gels formed in each variety that require further investigation. Speculation allows the idea that the RVA method used here could provide a way of expressing functional differences in OGC that might relate to structure differences in AX. Title: Oxidative gelation and functionality of wheat flour : effects of grain storage, flour aging, and grain type (hard or soft) Author: Mattson, Jacob E. This study examined changes in flour functionality during storage of grain and subsequent aging of flour milled from the grain. Freshly harvested grain was stored for 24 weeks and flour milled from the grain at specified time intervals after harvest (0, 3, 6, 12, and 24 weeks). For each milling date flour functionality was measured on the day of milling (day 0) and at specified intervals after milling (1, 3, 6, 13, 27, and 62 days). Storage and aging were conducted at 23 ± 1°C. The functional properties examined were flour absorption characteristics, quantified using the solvent retention capacity (SRC) test, and oxidative gelation capacity (OGC), which was measured viscometrically, using a Rapid Visco Analyzer (RVA). SRC measures absorption capacity of flour emphasizing different flour polymers in each of the four solvents (water, all polymers: sucrose, arabinoxylans (AX) and gliadins: sodium carbonate, damaged starch: lactic acid, glutenins). Oxidative gelation is a process whereupon a weak gel is formed in a hydrated flour system under oxidative conditions and is thought to be largely a function of the reactivity of ferulic acid residues esterified to AX, although proteins are also involved. To determine if oxidation of flour lipids might accompany changes in OGC, the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA), a lipid oxidation byproduct, was measured. Four soft-wheat varieties with divergent functionalities were selected to examine the effects of storage and aging. Additionally, a survey was conducted to examine the range of OGC in a selection of hard-grained wheat varieties from the Oregon State University wheat-breeding program. From this survey, one variety with high and one variety with low OGC were selected for a pilot study to determine the effect of hydrogen peroxide and azodicarbonamide (ADA) concentrations on OGC in straight grade flour. Variety was the strongest factor in determining flour functionality expressed as SRC and OGC. This is unsurprising, because varieties were chosen based on differences in absorption characteristics and OGC as indicated by preliminary testing. In contrast, variety was the weakest factor in determining changes in MDA concentration. As a function of grain storage time, water, sucrose and sodium carbonate SRC values increased. In contrast, lactic acid SRC values declined. Although many of these changes were statistically significant, their functional significance remains unclear. As a function of grain storage time, OGC initially increased to week 3 then declined to week 24. Not only was this change statistically significant, but the magnitude of the change could be considered functionally significant. Because OGC is a trait that currently only has theoretical value in food processing (i.e. OGC is not a trait currently taken into consideration during food processing), it is difficult to definitively conclude what constitutes functional significance. Grain storage time had the strongest influence on changes in MDA concentration. The trend of changes in MDA concentration was similar to that observed for OGC. Flour age was the weakest contributor to changes in SRC. Looking at individual SRC solvents, flour aging time did not significantly influence changes in water SRC values. However, as flour aged, sucrose SRC values significantly increased and sodium carbonate and lactic acid SRC values decreased. Although changes in sucrose, sodium carbonate, and lactic acid SRCs were statistically significant, their functional significance was again unclear. As a function of flour age, OGC increased. As a function of flour age, MDA concentration initially increased, but subsequently declined and remained constant from day 6 to day 62. Each variety appeared to show a different relationship between peroxide peak viscosity (PPV) and peroxide peak breakdown viscosity (PPBV). Proportional PPBV also appeared to differ between varieties, and the relationships (PPBV% vs PPV) were nonlinear. This suggested that there was a maximum PPV for each variety at which PPBV no longer increased. Data suggest qualitative differences in the gels formed in each variety that require further investigation. Speculation allows the idea that the RVA method used here could provide a way of expressing functional differences in OGC that might relate to structure differences in AX. Close

• 28. [Article] Exploring Links between Circadian Rhythms and Healthy Aging

  Circadian rhythms are the daily oscillations in multiple organism functions, from clock gene expression to behavior. Lost or irregular rhythms lead to health problems later in life including nervous system ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Exploring Links between Circadian Rhythms and Healthy Aging Author: Mattison, Braden J. Circadian rhythms are the daily oscillations in multiple organism functions, from clock gene expression to behavior. Lost or irregular rhythms lead to health problems later in life including nervous system disorders, abnormal sleep/activity cycles, diabetes and obesity. However, it is not known whether strengthening the expression of clock genes throughout lifespan could delay health problems and aging. The goal of my thesis was to determine if strong circadian systems are important for health span and lifespan in the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster. Restricted feeding (RF) was tested to see if offering nutrients to the flies for a specific duration of time each day could cause an increase in lifespan by strengthening expression of clock genes. Although no lifespan extension was observed through RF, feeding at normal circadian times resulted in an extension in lifespan compared to feeding at abnormal times under stressful levels of nutrient intake. It was also confirmed that oscillations of clock genes are strengthened upon RF at normal circadian times. Further investigation showed that maintaining and strengthening clock function during times of stressful nutrient intake may help to improve metabolism and storage of lipids. This research provides new information on the connection between restricted feeding regimes and their effects on longevity and circadian rhythms. Title: Exploring Links between Circadian Rhythms and Healthy Aging Author: Mattison, Braden J. Circadian rhythms are the daily oscillations in multiple organism functions, from clock gene expression to behavior. Lost or irregular rhythms lead to health problems later in life including nervous system disorders, abnormal sleep/activity cycles, diabetes and obesity. However, it is not known whether strengthening the expression of clock genes throughout lifespan could delay health problems and aging. The goal of my thesis was to determine if strong circadian systems are important for health span and lifespan in the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster. Restricted feeding (RF) was tested to see if offering nutrients to the flies for a specific duration of time each day could cause an increase in lifespan by strengthening expression of clock genes. Although no lifespan extension was observed through RF, feeding at normal circadian times resulted in an extension in lifespan compared to feeding at abnormal times under stressful levels of nutrient intake. It was also confirmed that oscillations of clock genes are strengthened upon RF at normal circadian times. Further investigation showed that maintaining and strengthening clock function during times of stressful nutrient intake may help to improve metabolism and storage of lipids. This research provides new information on the connection between restricted feeding regimes and their effects on longevity and circadian rhythms. Close

• 29. [Article] Sensory changes in later life

  Declared out of print May 2010. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.e...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Sensory changes in later life Author: Washington State University. Cooperative Extension, Schmall, Vicki L., United States. Dept. of Agriculture, Oregon State University. Extension Service, University of Idaho. Cooperative Extension Service Declared out of print May 2010. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog Title: Sensory changes in later life Author: Washington State University. Cooperative Extension, Schmall, Vicki L., United States. Dept. of Agriculture, Oregon State University. Extension Service, University of Idaho. Cooperative Extension Service Declared out of print May 2010. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog Close

• 30. [Article] Do hassles mediate between life events and mortality in older men? Longitudinal findings from the VA Normative Aging Study

  To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Elsevier ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Do hassles mediate between life events and mortality in older men? Longitudinal findings from the VA Normative Aging Study Author: Aldwin, Carolyn M., Jeong, Yu-Jin, Igarashi, Heidi, Spiro, Avron, III, Choun, Soyoung To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Elsevier and can be found at: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/experimental-gerontology. Title: Do hassles mediate between life events and mortality in older men? Longitudinal findings from the VA Normative Aging Study Author: Aldwin, Carolyn M., Jeong, Yu-Jin, Igarashi, Heidi, Spiro, Avron, III, Choun, Soyoung To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Elsevier and can be found at: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/experimental-gerontology. Close