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• 11. [Article] Photoelectron microscopy and quantum yields of membrane phospholipids

  2 pages

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Photoelectron microscopy and quantum yields of membrane phospholipids Author: Griffith, O. H., Dam, R. J. Year: 2016, 1976 2 pages Title: Photoelectron microscopy and quantum yields of membrane phospholipids Author: Griffith, O. H., Dam, R. J. Year: 2016, 1976 2 pages Close

• 12. [Image] Lobothallia alphoplaca

  	Thallus section; Habitat: Calcareous sandstone outcrops in shrub steppe; Location: Above Missouri River, downstream of Toston Dam, 1.9 km N of the dam; Substrate: Rock, calcareous sandstone outcrops; Elevation: ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Lobothallia alphoplaca Author: McCune, Bruce Year: 2014 Thallus section; Habitat: Calcareous sandstone outcrops in shrub steppe; Location: Above Missouri River, downstream of Toston Dam, 1.9 km N of the dam; Substrate: Rock, calcareous sandstone outcrops; Elevation: 1231 meters. Title: Lobothallia alphoplaca Author: McCune, Bruce Year: 2014 Thallus section; Habitat: Calcareous sandstone outcrops in shrub steppe; Location: Above Missouri River, downstream of Toston Dam, 1.9 km N of the dam; Substrate: Rock, calcareous sandstone outcrops; Elevation: 1231 meters. Close

• 13. [Image] Lobothallia alphoplaca

  	Habit; Habitat: Calcareous sandstone outcrops in shrub steppe; Location: Above Missouri River, downstream of Toston Dam, 1.9 km N of the dam; Substrate: Rock, calcareous sandstone outcrops; Elevation: ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Lobothallia alphoplaca Author: McCune, Bruce Year: 2014 Habit; Habitat: Calcareous sandstone outcrops in shrub steppe; Location: Above Missouri River, downstream of Toston Dam, 1.9 km N of the dam; Substrate: Rock, calcareous sandstone outcrops; Elevation: 1231 meters. Title: Lobothallia alphoplaca Author: McCune, Bruce Year: 2014 Habit; Habitat: Calcareous sandstone outcrops in shrub steppe; Location: Above Missouri River, downstream of Toston Dam, 1.9 km N of the dam; Substrate: Rock, calcareous sandstone outcrops; Elevation: 1231 meters. Close

• 14. [Image] Lobothallia alphoplaca

  	Apothecial section POL; Habitat: Calcareous sandstone outcrops in shrub steppe; Location: Above Missouri River, downstream of Toston Dam, 1.9 km N of the dam; Substrate: Rock, calcareous sandstone outcrops; ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Lobothallia alphoplaca Author: McCune, Bruce Year: 2014 Apothecial section POL; Habitat: Calcareous sandstone outcrops in shrub steppe; Location: Above Missouri River, downstream of Toston Dam, 1.9 km N of the dam; Substrate: Rock, calcareous sandstone outcrops; Elevation: 1231 meters. Title: Lobothallia alphoplaca Author: McCune, Bruce Year: 2014 Apothecial section POL; Habitat: Calcareous sandstone outcrops in shrub steppe; Location: Above Missouri River, downstream of Toston Dam, 1.9 km N of the dam; Substrate: Rock, calcareous sandstone outcrops; Elevation: 1231 meters. Close

• 15. [Image] Lobothallia alphoplaca

  	Apothecial section; Habitat: Calcareous sandstone outcrops in shrub steppe; Location: Above Missouri River, downstream of Toston Dam, 1.9 km N of the dam; Substrate: Rock, calcareous sandstone outcrops; ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Lobothallia alphoplaca Author: McCune, Bruce Year: 2014 Apothecial section; Habitat: Calcareous sandstone outcrops in shrub steppe; Location: Above Missouri River, downstream of Toston Dam, 1.9 km N of the dam; Substrate: Rock, calcareous sandstone outcrops; Elevation: 1231 meters. Title: Lobothallia alphoplaca Author: McCune, Bruce Year: 2014 Apothecial section; Habitat: Calcareous sandstone outcrops in shrub steppe; Location: Above Missouri River, downstream of Toston Dam, 1.9 km N of the dam; Substrate: Rock, calcareous sandstone outcrops; Elevation: 1231 meters. Close

• 16. [Article] Colonization, Statemaking, and Development: A Political Ecology of the Saru River Development Project, Hokkaido, Japan

  Although dam construction has been an integral tool in development initiatives for nearly a century, dams can have significant negative impacts on local residents, particularly those who are permanently ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Colonization, Statemaking, and Development: A Political Ecology of the Saru River Development Project, Hokkaido, Japan Author: Ioannides, Michael J. Year: 2017 Although dam construction has been an integral tool in development initiatives for nearly a century, dams can have significant negative impacts on local residents, particularly those who are permanently displaced from their homes and must be resettled elsewhere. Dams have unique impacts on indigenous peoples. As a result, many dam construction projects become flashpoints for organized resistance among indigenous peoples. This thesis examines a case that exemplifies indigenous resistance to dam construction: the Saru River Development Project in Hokkaido, Japan, involving the Nibutani Dam (completed 1997) and the Biratori Dam (under construction). This project has been famously opposed by indigenous Ainu landholders. Although much has been written about the legal and political significance of the Ainu’s resistance to the Saru River Development Project, information on the project’s impacts on local Ainu residents is scattered across many disparate sources, and no comprehensive English-language account has yet been produced. This thesis seeks to fill this gap in the literature by cataloging the impacts of the Saru River Development Project as comprehensively as possible and synthesizing available facts into a holistic account. This thesis organizes these impacts according to the newly-published Matrix Framework (Kirchherr and Charles 2016), enabling it to be more easily compared with other case studies of dam construction around the world. This thesis documents the ways in which inadequate social impact assessment and mitigation efforts may compound the effects of an enduring colonial legacy, contributing to resentment and resistance against development projects on the part of indigenous peoples. It suggests important lessons for improving social impact assessment and mitigation measures, not only for the Saru River Development Project itself, but for any future development project involving indigenous peoples. It also contributes to anthropological knowledge regarding the role of development projects as primary drivers of cultural change in indigenous communities. The roots of the Saru River Development Project originate in the history of Japan’s colonial invasion of Hokkaido. Political ecology provides a powerful lens through which to examine this history, allowing its influence on Hokkaido’s present-day social-ecological systems to become apparent. In this thesis, I develop a theory of statemaking and subjectmaking that is used to analyze the historical continuities that exist between colonial-era modernization efforts and contemporary development projects, including this one. This historical focus is especially crucial, given the current political climate and the international rise of the far-right, which has increasingly come to embrace a romanticized view of colonial history. By producing historical accounts that shed light on colonial violence, anthropologists can play an active role in combating the resurgence of colonial governmentality. Such historically-focused anthropology, with an explicit focus on “decolonizing” the discourse of contemporary development, is therefore of critical importance—perhaps now more than ever. Title: Colonization, Statemaking, and Development: A Political Ecology of the Saru River Development Project, Hokkaido, Japan Author: Ioannides, Michael J. Year: 2017 Although dam construction has been an integral tool in development initiatives for nearly a century, dams can have significant negative impacts on local residents, particularly those who are permanently displaced from their homes and must be resettled elsewhere. Dams have unique impacts on indigenous peoples. As a result, many dam construction projects become flashpoints for organized resistance among indigenous peoples. This thesis examines a case that exemplifies indigenous resistance to dam construction: the Saru River Development Project in Hokkaido, Japan, involving the Nibutani Dam (completed 1997) and the Biratori Dam (under construction). This project has been famously opposed by indigenous Ainu landholders. Although much has been written about the legal and political significance of the Ainu’s resistance to the Saru River Development Project, information on the project’s impacts on local Ainu residents is scattered across many disparate sources, and no comprehensive English-language account has yet been produced. This thesis seeks to fill this gap in the literature by cataloging the impacts of the Saru River Development Project as comprehensively as possible and synthesizing available facts into a holistic account. This thesis organizes these impacts according to the newly-published Matrix Framework (Kirchherr and Charles 2016), enabling it to be more easily compared with other case studies of dam construction around the world. This thesis documents the ways in which inadequate social impact assessment and mitigation efforts may compound the effects of an enduring colonial legacy, contributing to resentment and resistance against development projects on the part of indigenous peoples. It suggests important lessons for improving social impact assessment and mitigation measures, not only for the Saru River Development Project itself, but for any future development project involving indigenous peoples. It also contributes to anthropological knowledge regarding the role of development projects as primary drivers of cultural change in indigenous communities. The roots of the Saru River Development Project originate in the history of Japan’s colonial invasion of Hokkaido. Political ecology provides a powerful lens through which to examine this history, allowing its influence on Hokkaido’s present-day social-ecological systems to become apparent. In this thesis, I develop a theory of statemaking and subjectmaking that is used to analyze the historical continuities that exist between colonial-era modernization efforts and contemporary development projects, including this one. This historical focus is especially crucial, given the current political climate and the international rise of the far-right, which has increasingly come to embrace a romanticized view of colonial history. By producing historical accounts that shed light on colonial violence, anthropologists can play an active role in combating the resurgence of colonial governmentality. Such historically-focused anthropology, with an explicit focus on “decolonizing” the discourse of contemporary development, is therefore of critical importance—perhaps now more than ever. Close

• 17. [Article] "As Long as the Mighty Columbia River Flows": The Leadership and Legacy of Wilson Charley, a Yakama Indian Fisherman

  On March 10, 1957, the United States Army Corps of Engineers completed The Dalles Dam and inundated Celilo Falls, the oldest continuously inhabited site in North America and a cultural and economic hub ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: "As Long as the Mighty Columbia River Flows": The Leadership and Legacy of Wilson Charley, a Yakama Indian Fisherman Author: Hedberg, David-Paul Brewster Year: 2017 On March 10, 1957, the United States Army Corps of Engineers completed The Dalles Dam and inundated Celilo Falls, the oldest continuously inhabited site in North America and a cultural and economic hub for Indigenous people. In the negotiation of treaties between the United States, nearly one hundred years earlier, Indigenous leaders reserved access to Columbia River fishing sites as they ceded territory and retained smaller reservations. In the years before the dam's completion, leaders, many of who were the descendants of earlier treaty signatories, attempted to stop the dam and protect both fishing sites from the encroachment of state and federal regulations and archaeological sites from destruction. This study traces the work of Wilson Charley, a Native fisherman, a member of the Yakama Nation's Tribal Council, and great-grandson of one of the 1855 treaty signatories. More broadly, this study places Indigenous actors on a twentieth-century Columbia River while demonstrating that they played active roles in the protest and management of areas affected by The Dalles Dam. Using previously untapped archival sources--a substantial cache of letters--my analysis illustrates that Charley articulated multiple strategies to fight The Dalles Dam and regulations to curtail Native's treaty fishing rights. Aiming to protect the 1855 treaty and stop The Dalles Dam, Charley created Native-centered regulatory agencies. He worked directly with politicians and supported political candidates, like Richard Neuberger, that favored Native concerns. He attempted to build partnerships with archaeologists and landscape preservationists concerned about losing the area's rich cultural sites. Even after the dam's completion, he conceptualized multiple tribal economic development plans that would allow for Natives' cultural and economic survival. Given the national rise of technological optimism and the willingness for the federal government to terminate its relationship with federally recognized tribes, Charley realized that taking the 1855 treaty to court was too risky for the political climate of the 1950s. Instead, he framed his strategies in the language of twentieth-century conservation, specifically to garner support from a national audience of non-natives interested in protecting landscapes from industrial development. While many of these non-native partners ultimately failed him, his strategies are noteworthy for three reasons. First, he cast the fight to uphold Native treaty rights in terms that were relevant to non-natives, demonstrating his complex understanding of the times in which he lived. Second, his strategies continued an ongoing struggle for Natives to fish at their treaty-protected sites, thereby documenting an overlooked period between the fishing rights cases of the turn of the twentieth century and the 1960s and 1970s. Charley left a lasting legacy that scholars have not recognized because many of his visionary ideas came to fruition decades later. Finally, my analysis of Charley's letters also documents personal details that afford readers the unique perspective of one Indigenous person navigated through a tumultuous period in the Pacific Northwest and Native American history. Title: "As Long as the Mighty Columbia River Flows": The Leadership and Legacy of Wilson Charley, a Yakama Indian Fisherman Author: Hedberg, David-Paul Brewster Year: 2017 On March 10, 1957, the United States Army Corps of Engineers completed The Dalles Dam and inundated Celilo Falls, the oldest continuously inhabited site in North America and a cultural and economic hub for Indigenous people. In the negotiation of treaties between the United States, nearly one hundred years earlier, Indigenous leaders reserved access to Columbia River fishing sites as they ceded territory and retained smaller reservations. In the years before the dam's completion, leaders, many of who were the descendants of earlier treaty signatories, attempted to stop the dam and protect both fishing sites from the encroachment of state and federal regulations and archaeological sites from destruction. This study traces the work of Wilson Charley, a Native fisherman, a member of the Yakama Nation's Tribal Council, and great-grandson of one of the 1855 treaty signatories. More broadly, this study places Indigenous actors on a twentieth-century Columbia River while demonstrating that they played active roles in the protest and management of areas affected by The Dalles Dam. Using previously untapped archival sources--a substantial cache of letters--my analysis illustrates that Charley articulated multiple strategies to fight The Dalles Dam and regulations to curtail Native's treaty fishing rights. Aiming to protect the 1855 treaty and stop The Dalles Dam, Charley created Native-centered regulatory agencies. He worked directly with politicians and supported political candidates, like Richard Neuberger, that favored Native concerns. He attempted to build partnerships with archaeologists and landscape preservationists concerned about losing the area's rich cultural sites. Even after the dam's completion, he conceptualized multiple tribal economic development plans that would allow for Natives' cultural and economic survival. Given the national rise of technological optimism and the willingness for the federal government to terminate its relationship with federally recognized tribes, Charley realized that taking the 1855 treaty to court was too risky for the political climate of the 1950s. Instead, he framed his strategies in the language of twentieth-century conservation, specifically to garner support from a national audience of non-natives interested in protecting landscapes from industrial development. While many of these non-native partners ultimately failed him, his strategies are noteworthy for three reasons. First, he cast the fight to uphold Native treaty rights in terms that were relevant to non-natives, demonstrating his complex understanding of the times in which he lived. Second, his strategies continued an ongoing struggle for Natives to fish at their treaty-protected sites, thereby documenting an overlooked period between the fishing rights cases of the turn of the twentieth century and the 1960s and 1970s. Charley left a lasting legacy that scholars have not recognized because many of his visionary ideas came to fruition decades later. Finally, my analysis of Charley's letters also documents personal details that afford readers the unique perspective of one Indigenous person navigated through a tumultuous period in the Pacific Northwest and Native American history. Close

• 18. [Article] Salmon Feeds Our People: Challenging Dams on the Klamath River

  10 pages

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Salmon Feeds Our People: Challenging Dams on the Klamath River Author: Norgaard, Kari Marie, Reed, Ron Year: 2015, 2010 10 pages Title: Salmon Feeds Our People: Challenging Dams on the Klamath River Author: Norgaard, Kari Marie, Reed, Ron Year: 2015, 2010 10 pages Close

• 19. [Article] Social Vulnerability and Dam Risk A methodology for understanding the relationship between demographic characteristics and hazard threat

  68 pages

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Social Vulnerability and Dam Risk A methodology for understanding the relationship between demographic characteristics and hazard threat Author: Pluss, Madeleine Year: 2017 68 pages Title: Social Vulnerability and Dam Risk A methodology for understanding the relationship between demographic characteristics and hazard threat Author: Pluss, Madeleine Year: 2017 68 pages Close

• 20. [Article] Hydrodynamic and Water Quality Modeling of the Chehalis River in Washington

  The Chehalis River Basin is located in the southwest region of Washington and is over 125 miles long flowing through agricultural, residential, industrial, and forest land. Four major rivers, many smaller ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Hydrodynamic and Water Quality Modeling of the Chehalis River in Washington Author: Van Glubt, Sarah, Wells, Scott A., Berger, Chris J. Year: 2017 The Chehalis River Basin is located in the southwest region of Washington and is over 125 miles long flowing through agricultural, residential, industrial, and forest land. Four major rivers, many smaller creeks, five wastewater treatment plants, and groundwater discharge to the Chehalis River. Flooding is a major problem in the relatively flat areas surrounding the cities of Chehalis and Centralia. As a result, construction of a flood-control dam in the upper basin has been proposed. One major concern of constructing a dam is the potentially severe impacts to fish health and habitat. The Chehalis River has routinely violated water quality standards for primarily temperature and dissolved oxygen. CE-QUAL-W2, a two-dimensional (longitudinal and vertical) hydrodynamic and water quality model, was used to simulate the Chehalis River, including free flowing river stretches and stratified (in summer) lake-like stretches. The goals of this research were to assess the flood retention structure’s impacts to water quality, as well as river responses to potential climate change scenarios. In order to use the model to achieve these goals, calibration to field data for flow, temperature, and water quality constituents was performed for the years 2013 and 2014. Once calibration was complete, model scenarios for future climate conditions and dam operating regimes were conducted. Future conditions showed predictions of warmer water temperatures and slight changes to water quality conditions on the river. As fish in the area prefer cooler water temperatures, this could pose a threat to fish health and habitat. Flood retention structures with the purpose of flood retention only (only operating during times of flooding) gave model predictions for daily maximum temperature higher than structures that employed flood retention and flow augmentation (operating during all times of the year). This suggested the management of flow passage or retention by the dam is important for water quality on the river. Title: Hydrodynamic and Water Quality Modeling of the Chehalis River in Washington Author: Van Glubt, Sarah, Wells, Scott A., Berger, Chris J. Year: 2017 The Chehalis River Basin is located in the southwest region of Washington and is over 125 miles long flowing through agricultural, residential, industrial, and forest land. Four major rivers, many smaller creeks, five wastewater treatment plants, and groundwater discharge to the Chehalis River. Flooding is a major problem in the relatively flat areas surrounding the cities of Chehalis and Centralia. As a result, construction of a flood-control dam in the upper basin has been proposed. One major concern of constructing a dam is the potentially severe impacts to fish health and habitat. The Chehalis River has routinely violated water quality standards for primarily temperature and dissolved oxygen. CE-QUAL-W2, a two-dimensional (longitudinal and vertical) hydrodynamic and water quality model, was used to simulate the Chehalis River, including free flowing river stretches and stratified (in summer) lake-like stretches. The goals of this research were to assess the flood retention structure’s impacts to water quality, as well as river responses to potential climate change scenarios. In order to use the model to achieve these goals, calibration to field data for flow, temperature, and water quality constituents was performed for the years 2013 and 2014. Once calibration was complete, model scenarios for future climate conditions and dam operating regimes were conducted. Future conditions showed predictions of warmer water temperatures and slight changes to water quality conditions on the river. As fish in the area prefer cooler water temperatures, this could pose a threat to fish health and habitat. Flood retention structures with the purpose of flood retention only (only operating during times of flooding) gave model predictions for daily maximum temperature higher than structures that employed flood retention and flow augmentation (operating during all times of the year). This suggested the management of flow passage or retention by the dam is important for water quality on the river. Close