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• 1. [Article] A comparison of ship and satellite measurements of cloud properties with global climate model simulations in the southeast Pacific stratus deck

  Here, liquid water path (LWP), cloud fraction, cloud top height, and cloud base height retrieved by a suite of A-train satellite instruments (the CPR aboard CloudSat, CALIOP aboard CALIPSO, and MODIS aboard ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A comparison of ship and satellite measurements of cloud properties with global climate model simulations in the southeast Pacific stratus deck Author: Zuidema, P., de Szoeke, Simon P., Brunke, M. A., Zeng, X. Here, liquid water path (LWP), cloud fraction, cloud top height, and cloud base height retrieved by a suite of A-train satellite instruments (the CPR aboard CloudSat, CALIOP aboard CALIPSO, and MODIS aboard Aqua) are compared to ship observations from research cruises made in 2001 and 2003–2007 into the stratus/stratocumulus deck over the southeast Pacific Ocean. It is found that CloudSat radar-only LWP is generally too high over this region and the CloudSat/CALIPSO cloud bases are too low. This results in a relationship (LWP~h⁹) between CloudSat LWP and CALIPSO cloud thickness (h) that is very different from the adiabatic relationship (LWP~h²) from in situ observations. Such biases can be reduced if LWPs suspected to be contaminated by precipitation are eliminated, as determined by the maximum radar reflectivity Zmax>−15 dBZ in the apparent lower half of the cloud, and if cloud bases are determined based upon the adiabatically-determined cloud thickness (h~LWP¹/²). Furthermore, comparing results from a global model (CAM3.1) to ship observations reveals that, while the simulated LWP is quite reasonable, the model cloud is too thick and too low, allowing the model to have LWPs that are almost independent of h. This model can also obtain a reasonable diurnal cycle in LWP and cloud fraction at a location roughly in the centre of this region (20° S, 85° W) but has an opposite diurnal cycle to those observed aboard ship at a location closer to the coast (20° S, 75° W). The diurnal cycle at the latter location is slightly improved in the newest version of the model (CAM4). However, the simulated clouds remain too thick and too low, as cloud bases are usually at or near the surface. Title: A comparison of ship and satellite measurements of cloud properties with global climate model simulations in the southeast Pacific stratus deck Author: Zuidema, P., de Szoeke, Simon P., Brunke, M. A., Zeng, X. Here, liquid water path (LWP), cloud fraction, cloud top height, and cloud base height retrieved by a suite of A-train satellite instruments (the CPR aboard CloudSat, CALIOP aboard CALIPSO, and MODIS aboard Aqua) are compared to ship observations from research cruises made in 2001 and 2003–2007 into the stratus/stratocumulus deck over the southeast Pacific Ocean. It is found that CloudSat radar-only LWP is generally too high over this region and the CloudSat/CALIPSO cloud bases are too low. This results in a relationship (LWP~h⁹) between CloudSat LWP and CALIPSO cloud thickness (h) that is very different from the adiabatic relationship (LWP~h²) from in situ observations. Such biases can be reduced if LWPs suspected to be contaminated by precipitation are eliminated, as determined by the maximum radar reflectivity Zmax>−15 dBZ in the apparent lower half of the cloud, and if cloud bases are determined based upon the adiabatically-determined cloud thickness (h~LWP¹/²). Furthermore, comparing results from a global model (CAM3.1) to ship observations reveals that, while the simulated LWP is quite reasonable, the model cloud is too thick and too low, allowing the model to have LWPs that are almost independent of h. This model can also obtain a reasonable diurnal cycle in LWP and cloud fraction at a location roughly in the centre of this region (20° S, 85° W) but has an opposite diurnal cycle to those observed aboard ship at a location closer to the coast (20° S, 75° W). The diurnal cycle at the latter location is slightly improved in the newest version of the model (CAM4). However, the simulated clouds remain too thick and too low, as cloud bases are usually at or near the surface. Close

• 2. [Article] Atmospheric sulfur cycling in the southeastern Pacific – longitudinal distribution, vertical profile, and diel variability observed during VOCALS-REx

  Dimethylsulfide (DMS) emitted from the ocean is a biogenic precursor gas for sulfur dioxide (SO₂) and non-sea-salt sulfate aerosols (SO₄²⁻). During the VAMOS-Ocean-Cloud-Atmosphere-Land Study Regional ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Atmospheric sulfur cycling in the southeastern Pacific – longitudinal distribution, vertical profile, and diel variability observed during VOCALS-REx Author: Shank, L. M., Hawkins, L. N., Zagorac, N., Blomquist, B. W., Bates, T. S., Coffman, D. J., Yang, M., Brewer, W. A., Huebert, B. J., Zuidema, P. D., Howell, S. G., Quinn, P. K., Benedict, K. B., Bandy, A. R., Covert, D. S., Tucker, S. C., McNaughton, C. S., Clarke, A. D., de Szoeke, Simon P., Collett, J. L., Russell, L. M. Dimethylsulfide (DMS) emitted from the ocean is a biogenic precursor gas for sulfur dioxide (SO₂) and non-sea-salt sulfate aerosols (SO₄²⁻). During the VAMOS-Ocean-Cloud-Atmosphere-Land Study Regional Experiment (VOCALS-REx) in 2008, multiple instrumented platforms were deployed in the Southeastern Pacific (SEP) off the coast of Chile and Peru to study the linkage between aerosols and stratocumulus clouds. We present here observations from the NOAA Ship Ronald H. Brown and the NSF/NCAR C-130 aircraft along ~20° S from the coast (70° W) to a remote marine atmosphere (85° W). While SO₄²⁻ and SO₂ concentrations were distinctly elevated above background levels in the coastal marine boundary layer (MBL) due to anthropogenic influence (~800 and 80 pptv, respectively), their concentrations rapidly decreased west of 78° W (~100 and 25 pptv). In the remote region, entrainment from the free troposphere (FT) increased MBL SO₂ burden at a rate of 0.05 ± 0.02 μmoles m⁻² day⁻¹ and diluted MBL SO₄² burden at a rate of 0.5 ± 0.3 μmoles m⁻² day⁻¹, while the sea-to-air DMS flux (3.8 ± 0.4 μmoles m⁻² day⁻¹) remained the predominant source of sulfur mass to the MBL. In-cloud oxidation was found to be the most important mechanism for SO₂ removal and in situ SO₄²⁻ production. Surface SO₄²⁻ concentration in the remote MBL displayed pronounced diel variability, increasing rapidly in the first few hours after sunset and decaying for the rest of the day. We theorize that the increase in SO₄²⁻ was due to nighttime recoupling of the MBL that mixed down cloud-processed air, while decoupling and sporadic precipitation scavenging were responsible for the daytime decline in SO₄²⁻. Title: Atmospheric sulfur cycling in the southeastern Pacific – longitudinal distribution, vertical profile, and diel variability observed during VOCALS-REx Author: Shank, L. M., Hawkins, L. N., Zagorac, N., Blomquist, B. W., Bates, T. S., Coffman, D. J., Yang, M., Brewer, W. A., Huebert, B. J., Zuidema, P. D., Howell, S. G., Quinn, P. K., Benedict, K. B., Bandy, A. R., Covert, D. S., Tucker, S. C., McNaughton, C. S., Clarke, A. D., de Szoeke, Simon P., Collett, J. L., Russell, L. M. Dimethylsulfide (DMS) emitted from the ocean is a biogenic precursor gas for sulfur dioxide (SO₂) and non-sea-salt sulfate aerosols (SO₄²⁻). During the VAMOS-Ocean-Cloud-Atmosphere-Land Study Regional Experiment (VOCALS-REx) in 2008, multiple instrumented platforms were deployed in the Southeastern Pacific (SEP) off the coast of Chile and Peru to study the linkage between aerosols and stratocumulus clouds. We present here observations from the NOAA Ship Ronald H. Brown and the NSF/NCAR C-130 aircraft along ~20° S from the coast (70° W) to a remote marine atmosphere (85° W). While SO₄²⁻ and SO₂ concentrations were distinctly elevated above background levels in the coastal marine boundary layer (MBL) due to anthropogenic influence (~800 and 80 pptv, respectively), their concentrations rapidly decreased west of 78° W (~100 and 25 pptv). In the remote region, entrainment from the free troposphere (FT) increased MBL SO₂ burden at a rate of 0.05 ± 0.02 μmoles m⁻² day⁻¹ and diluted MBL SO₄² burden at a rate of 0.5 ± 0.3 μmoles m⁻² day⁻¹, while the sea-to-air DMS flux (3.8 ± 0.4 μmoles m⁻² day⁻¹) remained the predominant source of sulfur mass to the MBL. In-cloud oxidation was found to be the most important mechanism for SO₂ removal and in situ SO₄²⁻ production. Surface SO₄²⁻ concentration in the remote MBL displayed pronounced diel variability, increasing rapidly in the first few hours after sunset and decaying for the rest of the day. We theorize that the increase in SO₄²⁻ was due to nighttime recoupling of the MBL that mixed down cloud-processed air, while decoupling and sporadic precipitation scavenging were responsible for the daytime decline in SO₄²⁻. Close

• 3. [Article] The MJO and Air-Sea Interaction in TOGA COARE and DYNAMO

  To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the American ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The MJO and Air-Sea Interaction in TOGA COARE and DYNAMO Author: Fairall, Christopher W., de Szoeke, Simon P., Marion, June R., Edson, James B., Bariteau, Ludovic To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the American Meteorological Society and can be found at: http://journals.ametsoc.org/loi/clim. Title: The MJO and Air-Sea Interaction in TOGA COARE and DYNAMO Author: Fairall, Christopher W., de Szoeke, Simon P., Marion, June R., Edson, James B., Bariteau, Ludovic To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the American Meteorological Society and can be found at: http://journals.ametsoc.org/loi/clim. Close

• 4. [Article] Observations of Stratocumulus Clouds and Their Effect on the Eastern Pacific Surface Heat Budget along 20 degrees S

  This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the American Meteorological Society and can be found at: http://www.ametsoc.org/pubs/journals/jcli/. To the best of our knowledge, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Observations of Stratocumulus Clouds and Their Effect on the Eastern Pacific Surface Heat Budget along 20 degrees S Author: Yuter, Sandra, Mechem, David, Burleyson, Casey D., Fairall, Chris W., de Szoeke, Simon P., Zuidema, Paquita This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the American Meteorological Society and can be found at: http://www.ametsoc.org/pubs/journals/jcli/. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. Title: Observations of Stratocumulus Clouds and Their Effect on the Eastern Pacific Surface Heat Budget along 20 degrees S Author: Yuter, Sandra, Mechem, David, Burleyson, Casey D., Fairall, Chris W., de Szoeke, Simon P., Zuidema, Paquita This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the American Meteorological Society and can be found at: http://www.ametsoc.org/pubs/journals/jcli/. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. Close

• 5. [Article] Variability in the Southerly Flow into the Eastern Pacific ITCZ

  During boreal summer and fall, there is a strong southerly boundary layer flow across the equator into the east Pacific intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ). The modulation of this flow on synoptic to ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Variability in the Southerly Flow into the Eastern Pacific ITCZ Author: de Szoeke, Simon P., Bretherton, Christopher S. During boreal summer and fall, there is a strong southerly boundary layer flow across the equator into the east Pacific intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ). The modulation of this flow on synoptic to seasonal time scales is studied using an index of meridional pressure difference between the equator and the ITCZ along 95°W. Two complementary datasets from the East Pacific Investigation of Climate (EPIC) are used to study eastern Pacific variability. Daily measurements of sea level pressure (SLP) from Tropical Atmosphere Ocean (TOA) array buoys from May to November 2001 provide temporal coverage, and eight flights by a C-130 aircraft during September to October 2001 document the associated modulation of lower tropospheric vertical structure. The principal mode of variability of the perturbation SLP along 95°W from 1°S to 12°N, derived by principal component analysis from either the eight flights (PC1C-130) or from daily TAO buoy observations (PC1), explains 77% of the meridional pressure gradient variability. The pressure anomalies at 1.6 km are similar to those at the surface. The time series of the first mode of the TAO observations shows that most of the variance is in the 2–7-day range. Low pressure at 12°N is associated with southerly and westerly surface wind anomalies, and enhanced precipitation in the ITCZ. The depth of ITCZ convection is more strongly correlated to meridional wind above the planetary boundary layer (PBL) than to meridional wind within the PBL. There is little correlation of PBL meridional flow across the equator with ITCZ convection. Regression of PC1C-130 against the 95°W cross sections observed by dropwinsondes released during the eight C-130 flights shows correlations of westerlies to positive PC1C-130 (low pressure at 12°N). Between the equator and 4°N, statistically significant northerlies just above the PBL at 1–2-km height and southerlies at 4 km are correlated with negative PC1C-130, having high SLP at 12°N, an anomalously weak meridional SLP gradient, and suppressed convection in the ITCZ. PC1 is bandpass filtered and correlated with reanalysis fields to identify the structures that modulate meridional pressure gradients along 95°W. Most of the variability at periods less than 15 days is related to easterly waves. Seasonal trends in PC1 during May–October 2001 reflect the seasonal evolution of the sea and land surface temperatures. After the seasonal trend is removed, a geostrophic westerly jet at 12°N—probably related to the Madden–Julian oscillation—dominates PC1 variability on time scales longer than 15 days Title: Variability in the Southerly Flow into the Eastern Pacific ITCZ Author: de Szoeke, Simon P., Bretherton, Christopher S. During boreal summer and fall, there is a strong southerly boundary layer flow across the equator into the east Pacific intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ). The modulation of this flow on synoptic to seasonal time scales is studied using an index of meridional pressure difference between the equator and the ITCZ along 95°W. Two complementary datasets from the East Pacific Investigation of Climate (EPIC) are used to study eastern Pacific variability. Daily measurements of sea level pressure (SLP) from Tropical Atmosphere Ocean (TOA) array buoys from May to November 2001 provide temporal coverage, and eight flights by a C-130 aircraft during September to October 2001 document the associated modulation of lower tropospheric vertical structure. The principal mode of variability of the perturbation SLP along 95°W from 1°S to 12°N, derived by principal component analysis from either the eight flights (PC1C-130) or from daily TAO buoy observations (PC1), explains 77% of the meridional pressure gradient variability. The pressure anomalies at 1.6 km are similar to those at the surface. The time series of the first mode of the TAO observations shows that most of the variance is in the 2–7-day range. Low pressure at 12°N is associated with southerly and westerly surface wind anomalies, and enhanced precipitation in the ITCZ. The depth of ITCZ convection is more strongly correlated to meridional wind above the planetary boundary layer (PBL) than to meridional wind within the PBL. There is little correlation of PBL meridional flow across the equator with ITCZ convection. Regression of PC1C-130 against the 95°W cross sections observed by dropwinsondes released during the eight C-130 flights shows correlations of westerlies to positive PC1C-130 (low pressure at 12°N). Between the equator and 4°N, statistically significant northerlies just above the PBL at 1–2-km height and southerlies at 4 km are correlated with negative PC1C-130, having high SLP at 12°N, an anomalously weak meridional SLP gradient, and suppressed convection in the ITCZ. PC1 is bandpass filtered and correlated with reanalysis fields to identify the structures that modulate meridional pressure gradients along 95°W. Most of the variability at periods less than 15 days is related to easterly waves. Seasonal trends in PC1 during May–October 2001 reflect the seasonal evolution of the sea and land surface temperatures. After the seasonal trend is removed, a geostrophic westerly jet at 12°N—probably related to the Madden–Julian oscillation—dominates PC1 variability on time scales longer than 15 days Close

• 6. [Article] The Central American Midsummer Drought: Regional Aspects and Large-Scale Forcing

  The midsummer drought (MSD) is a diminution in rainfall experienced during the middle of the rainy season in southern Mexico and Central America, as well as in the adjacent Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico, and ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The Central American Midsummer Drought: Regional Aspects and Large-Scale Forcing Author: de Szoeke, Simon P., Small, Richard Justin O., Xie, Shang-Ping The midsummer drought (MSD) is a diminution in rainfall experienced during the middle of the rainy season in southern Mexico and Central America, as well as in the adjacent Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico, and eastern Pacific seas. The aim of this paper is to describe the regional characteristics of the MSD and to propose some possible forcing mechanisms. Satellite and in situ data are used to form a composite of the evolution of a typical MSD, which highlights its coincidence with a low-level anticyclone centered over the Gulf of Mexico and associated easterly flow across Central America. The diurnal cycle of precipitation over the region is reduced in amplitude during midsummer. The MSD is also coincident with heavy precipitation over the Sierra Madre Occidental (part of the North American monsoon). Reanalysis data are used to show that the divergence of the anomalous low-level flow during the MSD is the main factor governing the variations in precipitation. A linear baroclinic model is used to show that the seasonal progression of the Pacific intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ), which moves northward following warm sea surface temperature (SST) during the early summer, and of the Atlantic subtropical high, which moves westward, are the most important remote factors that contribute toward the low-level easterly flow and divergence during the MSD. The circulation associated with the MSD precipitation deficit helps to maintain the deficit by reinforcing the low-level anticyclonic flow over the Gulf of Mexico. Surface heating over land also plays a role: a large thermal low over the northern United States in early summer is accompanied by enhanced subsidence over the North Atlantic. This thermal low is seen to decrease considerably in midsummer, allowing the high pressure anomalies in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans to extend into the Gulf of Mexico. These anomalies are maintained until late summer, when an increase in rainfall from the surge in Atlantic tropical depressions induces anomalous surface cyclonic flow with westerlies fluxing moisture from the Pacific ITCZ toward Central America. Title: The Central American Midsummer Drought: Regional Aspects and Large-Scale Forcing Author: de Szoeke, Simon P., Small, Richard Justin O., Xie, Shang-Ping The midsummer drought (MSD) is a diminution in rainfall experienced during the middle of the rainy season in southern Mexico and Central America, as well as in the adjacent Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico, and eastern Pacific seas. The aim of this paper is to describe the regional characteristics of the MSD and to propose some possible forcing mechanisms. Satellite and in situ data are used to form a composite of the evolution of a typical MSD, which highlights its coincidence with a low-level anticyclone centered over the Gulf of Mexico and associated easterly flow across Central America. The diurnal cycle of precipitation over the region is reduced in amplitude during midsummer. The MSD is also coincident with heavy precipitation over the Sierra Madre Occidental (part of the North American monsoon). Reanalysis data are used to show that the divergence of the anomalous low-level flow during the MSD is the main factor governing the variations in precipitation. A linear baroclinic model is used to show that the seasonal progression of the Pacific intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ), which moves northward following warm sea surface temperature (SST) during the early summer, and of the Atlantic subtropical high, which moves westward, are the most important remote factors that contribute toward the low-level easterly flow and divergence during the MSD. The circulation associated with the MSD precipitation deficit helps to maintain the deficit by reinforcing the low-level anticyclonic flow over the Gulf of Mexico. Surface heating over land also plays a role: a large thermal low over the northern United States in early summer is accompanied by enhanced subsidence over the North Atlantic. This thermal low is seen to decrease considerably in midsummer, allowing the high pressure anomalies in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans to extend into the Gulf of Mexico. These anomalies are maintained until late summer, when an increase in rainfall from the surge in Atlantic tropical depressions induces anomalous surface cyclonic flow with westerlies fluxing moisture from the Pacific ITCZ toward Central America. Close

• 7. [Article] Ship-Based Observations of the Diurnal Cycle of Southeast Pacific Marine Stratocumulus Clouds and Precipitation

  To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the American ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Ship-Based Observations of the Diurnal Cycle of Southeast Pacific Marine Stratocumulus Clouds and Precipitation Author: Brewer, W. Alan, Yuter, Sandra E., Burleyson, Casey D., de Szoeke, Simon P., Wilbanks, Matt To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the American Meteorological Society and can be found at: http://journals.ametsoc.org/loi/atsc. Title: Ship-Based Observations of the Diurnal Cycle of Southeast Pacific Marine Stratocumulus Clouds and Precipitation Author: Brewer, W. Alan, Yuter, Sandra E., Burleyson, Casey D., de Szoeke, Simon P., Wilbanks, Matt To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the American Meteorological Society and can be found at: http://journals.ametsoc.org/loi/atsc. Close

• 8. [Article] Air-Sea Interactions from Westerly Wind Bursts During the November 2011 MJO in the Indian Ocean

  To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the American ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Air-Sea Interactions from Westerly Wind Bursts During the November 2011 MJO in the Indian Ocean Author: Fairall, Christopher W., Johnson, Richard H., Rutledge, Steven A., de Szoeke, Simon P., Smyth, William D., Thompson, Elizabeth J., DeWitt, H. Langley, Edson, James B., Moulin, Aurélie J., Moum, James N., Zappa, Christopher J. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the American Meteorological Society and can be found at: http://journals.ametsoc.org/loi/bams. Title: Air-Sea Interactions from Westerly Wind Bursts During the November 2011 MJO in the Indian Ocean Author: Fairall, Christopher W., Johnson, Richard H., Rutledge, Steven A., de Szoeke, Simon P., Smyth, William D., Thompson, Elizabeth J., DeWitt, H. Langley, Edson, James B., Moulin, Aurélie J., Moum, James N., Zappa, Christopher J. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the American Meteorological Society and can be found at: http://journals.ametsoc.org/loi/bams. Close

• 9. [Article] A Study of CINDY/DYNAMO MJO Suppressed Phase

  To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by American ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A Study of CINDY/DYNAMO MJO Suppressed Phase Author: Chen, Sue, Flatau, Maria, et al., Jensen, Tommy G., de Szoeke, Simon P. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by American Meteorological Society and can be found at: https://www2.ametsoc.org/ams/index.cfm/publications/journals/journal-of-the-atmospheric-sciences/ Title: A Study of CINDY/DYNAMO MJO Suppressed Phase Author: Chen, Sue, Flatau, Maria, et al., Jensen, Tommy G., de Szoeke, Simon P. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by American Meteorological Society and can be found at: https://www2.ametsoc.org/ams/index.cfm/publications/journals/journal-of-the-atmospheric-sciences/ Close

• 10. [Article] Mechanisms of convective cloud organization by cold pools over tropical warm ocean during the AMIE/DYNAMO field campaign

  To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the author(s) ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Mechanisms of convective cloud organization by cold pools over tropical warm ocean during the AMIE/DYNAMO field campaign Author: Feng, Zhe, Hagos, Samson, de Szoeke, Simon P., Rowe, Angela K., Burleyson, Casey D., Martini, Matus N. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the author(s) and published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. on behalf of American Geophysical Union. The published article can be found at: http://sites.agu.org/ Title: Mechanisms of convective cloud organization by cold pools over tropical warm ocean during the AMIE/DYNAMO field campaign Author: Feng, Zhe, Hagos, Samson, de Szoeke, Simon P., Rowe, Angela K., Burleyson, Casey D., Martini, Matus N. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the author(s) and published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. on behalf of American Geophysical Union. The published article can be found at: http://sites.agu.org/ Close