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• 1. [Article] A preliminary classification of forest communities in the central portion of the western Cascades in Oregon

  Forest communities in the central portion of Oregon's western Cascades are arrayed along moisture and temperature gradients. With the aid of reconnaissance data and a computerized ordination technique, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A preliminary classification of forest communities in the central portion of the western Cascades in Oregon Author: U.S. International Biological Program. Coniferous Forest Biome, Dyrness, C. T., Moir, William H., Franklin, Jerry F. Forest communities in the central portion of Oregon's western Cascades are arrayed along moisture and temperature gradients. With the aid of reconnaissance data and a computerized ordination technique, 23 forest communities have been provisionally recognized in two distinct forest zones, the Tsuga heterophylla (300 to 1050 m in elevation) and the Abies amabilis (1050 to 1550 m). The location of these zones is largely a function of temperature (elevation), while distribution of individual communities within a zone is controlled mainly by moisture availability. Eleven climax or near-climax associations and three seral communities were recognized within the Tsuga heterophylla zone. Associations range from the Pseudotsuga/Holodiscus on very dry sites to the Tsuga/Polystichum-Oxalis on wet sites. In the Abies amabilis zone, nine units were identified--seven climax or near-climax associations and two seral communities. Driest habitats in the zone are occupied by the Abies--Tsuga mertensiana/ Xerophyllum association and wettest sites support the Chamaeeyparis/Oplopanax association. Characteristics of all 23 forest communities are described and relationships among them are discussed. Title: A preliminary classification of forest communities in the central portion of the western Cascades in Oregon Author: U.S. International Biological Program. Coniferous Forest Biome, Dyrness, C. T., Moir, William H., Franklin, Jerry F. Forest communities in the central portion of Oregon's western Cascades are arrayed along moisture and temperature gradients. With the aid of reconnaissance data and a computerized ordination technique, 23 forest communities have been provisionally recognized in two distinct forest zones, the Tsuga heterophylla (300 to 1050 m in elevation) and the Abies amabilis (1050 to 1550 m). The location of these zones is largely a function of temperature (elevation), while distribution of individual communities within a zone is controlled mainly by moisture availability. Eleven climax or near-climax associations and three seral communities were recognized within the Tsuga heterophylla zone. Associations range from the Pseudotsuga/Holodiscus on very dry sites to the Tsuga/Polystichum-Oxalis on wet sites. In the Abies amabilis zone, nine units were identified--seven climax or near-climax associations and two seral communities. Driest habitats in the zone are occupied by the Abies--Tsuga mertensiana/ Xerophyllum association and wettest sites support the Chamaeeyparis/Oplopanax association. Characteristics of all 23 forest communities are described and relationships among them are discussed. Close

• 2. [Article] Riparian vegetation in Oregon's western Cascade Mountains : composition, biomass, and autumn phenology

  Sixteen understory plant communities in the riparian zones of small streams are identified and described. They range from pioneer communities on gravel and rock to well-developed shrub communities on flood plains ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Riparian vegetation in Oregon's western Cascade Mountains : composition, biomass, and autumn phenology Author: U.S. International Biological Program. Coniferous Forest Biome, Campbell, Alsie Gilbert, Franklin, Jerry F. Sixteen understory plant communities in the riparian zones of small streams are identified and described. They range from pioneer communities on gravel and rock to well-developed shrub communities on flood plains and terraces. Several other vegetation types are discussed. Distribution of communities within the riparian zone is also discussed. A survey of nine small streams shows the Acer circinatum community to have the widest distribution and highest cover, but the Rubus spectabilis/Ribes bracteosum community is somewhat more common in the active zone. Biomass estimates are made for riparian vegetation along three stream segments. Total foliar production for 1976 is calculated for all vegetation, for communities, and for individual species. The percentage of each type of foliage which may reach the stream directly, indirectly, or not at all is estimated. Abscission and fall senescence for thirteen species was monitored. Leafy and herbaceous detrital input is timed. Rates of leaf fall and decadence are related to environmental factors. Title: Riparian vegetation in Oregon's western Cascade Mountains : composition, biomass, and autumn phenology Author: U.S. International Biological Program. Coniferous Forest Biome, Campbell, Alsie Gilbert, Franklin, Jerry F. Sixteen understory plant communities in the riparian zones of small streams are identified and described. They range from pioneer communities on gravel and rock to well-developed shrub communities on flood plains and terraces. Several other vegetation types are discussed. Distribution of communities within the riparian zone is also discussed. A survey of nine small streams shows the Acer circinatum community to have the widest distribution and highest cover, but the Rubus spectabilis/Ribes bracteosum community is somewhat more common in the active zone. Biomass estimates are made for riparian vegetation along three stream segments. Total foliar production for 1976 is calculated for all vegetation, for communities, and for individual species. The percentage of each type of foliage which may reach the stream directly, indirectly, or not at all is estimated. Abscission and fall senescence for thirteen species was monitored. Leafy and herbaceous detrital input is timed. Rates of leaf fall and decadence are related to environmental factors. Close

• 3. [Article] Identification and characterization of forest communities and habitat types in and adjacent to the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest

  A total of 23 forest communities have been identified and characterized in a preliminary manner. Data used in formulating the classification had previously been collected on 300 reconnaissance plots located ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Identification and characterization of forest communities and habitat types in and adjacent to the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest Author: Zobel, Donald B., U.S. International Biological Program. Coniferous Forest Biome, Dyrness, C. T., University of Washington, Franklin, Jerry F. A total of 23 forest communities have been identified and characterized in a preliminary manner. Data used in formulating the classification had previously been collected on 300 reconnaissance plots located on the H. J. Andrews Forest and surrounding area. Vegetation classification was facilitated by similarity analysis and stand ordination procedures developed by Dr. Will Moir, formerly of Colorado State University. Results of stand ordination indicate the presence of strong moisture and temperature gradients along which forest stands array themselves. Title: Identification and characterization of forest communities and habitat types in and adjacent to the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest Author: Zobel, Donald B., U.S. International Biological Program. Coniferous Forest Biome, Dyrness, C. T., University of Washington, Franklin, Jerry F. A total of 23 forest communities have been identified and characterized in a preliminary manner. Data used in formulating the classification had previously been collected on 300 reconnaissance plots located on the H. J. Andrews Forest and surrounding area. Vegetation classification was facilitated by similarity analysis and stand ordination procedures developed by Dr. Will Moir, formerly of Colorado State University. Results of stand ordination indicate the presence of strong moisture and temperature gradients along which forest stands array themselves. Close

• 4. [Article] The insect community of dead and dying Douglas-fir. I, The Hymenoptera

  The insects that invade a dying or dead tree are the immediate cause of death and the principle mediators of early stages of decomposition of the tree. These insects form a large and complex community, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The insect community of dead and dying Douglas-fir. I, The Hymenoptera Author: U.S. International Biological Program. Coniferous Forest Biome, Deyrup, Mark Amidon The insects that invade a dying or dead tree are the immediate cause of death and the principle mediators of early stages of decomposition of the tree. These insects form a large and complex community, the species components of which are restricted to particular habitats. A study of the insect community associated with dead Douglas-fir has revealed an intricate assemblage of species; in this publication only the 70+ species of the order Hymenoptera are discussed. Keys are provided for identification of all taxa, and there are discussions of the families, genera, and species represented. The known biology of each species is described, and an attempt is made to suggest the ecological role of each species within the dead tree. Table 1 and the appendix deal with the extent of tree-host specificity of the species of Hymenoptera. Title: The insect community of dead and dying Douglas-fir. I, The Hymenoptera Author: U.S. International Biological Program. Coniferous Forest Biome, Deyrup, Mark Amidon The insects that invade a dying or dead tree are the immediate cause of death and the principle mediators of early stages of decomposition of the tree. These insects form a large and complex community, the species components of which are restricted to particular habitats. A study of the insect community associated with dead Douglas-fir has revealed an intricate assemblage of species; in this publication only the 70+ species of the order Hymenoptera are discussed. Keys are provided for identification of all taxa, and there are discussions of the families, genera, and species represented. The known biology of each species is described, and an attempt is made to suggest the ecological role of each species within the dead tree. Table 1 and the appendix deal with the extent of tree-host specificity of the species of Hymenoptera. Close

• 5. [Article] Vegetation and stem mapping of watershed 10, H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest

  Stem mapping of all trees greater than 15 cm dbh has been completed on the 10.24 hectare watershed (No. 10) at H. J. Andrews intensive study site. Using a 25 m grid system, mapping of vegetation into 7 ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Vegetation and stem mapping of watershed 10, H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest Author: Hawk, Glenn M., U.S. International Biological Program. Coniferous Forest Biome, University of Washington Stem mapping of all trees greater than 15 cm dbh has been completed on the 10.24 hectare watershed (No. 10) at H. J. Andrews intensive study site. Using a 25 m grid system, mapping of vegetation into 7 plant communities and then into 4 habitat types has also been completed. Descriptions of these communities based on field notes and extrapolation from reference stands located in the Andrews Experimental Forest are included along with structural characteristics of the communities and habitat types. Size class distributions of living trees greater than 15 cm dbh are also included for the whole watershed, for communities, and for habitat types. INTRODUCTION: Watershed 10 has been selected for current modeling efforts of the IBP Coniferous Forest Biome project at the Oregon intensive study site, H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest. This report supplies a necessary input for calculating standing crop of vegetation in all strata from trees to mosses. A community description approach has been used with tables and appendices furnishing data concerning trees, shrubs, herbs and mosses occurring within the watershed. Watershed 10 contains representatives of communities common to the lower elevation regions of the Tsuga hetero h lla Zone of Franklin and Dyrness (1969). Within watershed communities are identified, which are discussed below. Major emphasis of this report is placed on description of the vegetation. Some comparisons of communities with each other and with other portions of the Tsuga heterophylla Zone near the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest are also included. Watershed 10 is a 10.24 hectare watershed that drains to the west. It is located near to but outside of the southwestern boundary of the Experimental Forest. The elevation of the watershed ranges from 1425 feet (435 m) to 2,275 feet (695 m). The entire watershed lies within the Tsuga heterophylla.Zone of Franklin and Dyrness. METHODS: Preliminary surveying of watershed 10 with staff compass, chains and Abney levels was completed in 1970. During this surveying three base lines running north and south were established at equal intervals within the watershed. These base lines served as reference points during the establishment of a 25 m grid system in 1971-1972. Using staff compass, chains, and Abney levels, the 25 m grid system was established with correction for slope over the entire watershed (figure 1). During spring, 1972, aluminum corner stakes were installed and labeled to mark the 25 meter grid corners. Grid sections were numbered, for referencing positions in the watershed. Title: Vegetation and stem mapping of watershed 10, H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest Author: Hawk, Glenn M., U.S. International Biological Program. Coniferous Forest Biome, University of Washington Stem mapping of all trees greater than 15 cm dbh has been completed on the 10.24 hectare watershed (No. 10) at H. J. Andrews intensive study site. Using a 25 m grid system, mapping of vegetation into 7 plant communities and then into 4 habitat types has also been completed. Descriptions of these communities based on field notes and extrapolation from reference stands located in the Andrews Experimental Forest are included along with structural characteristics of the communities and habitat types. Size class distributions of living trees greater than 15 cm dbh are also included for the whole watershed, for communities, and for habitat types. INTRODUCTION: Watershed 10 has been selected for current modeling efforts of the IBP Coniferous Forest Biome project at the Oregon intensive study site, H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest. This report supplies a necessary input for calculating standing crop of vegetation in all strata from trees to mosses. A community description approach has been used with tables and appendices furnishing data concerning trees, shrubs, herbs and mosses occurring within the watershed. Watershed 10 contains representatives of communities common to the lower elevation regions of the Tsuga hetero h lla Zone of Franklin and Dyrness (1969). Within watershed communities are identified, which are discussed below. Major emphasis of this report is placed on description of the vegetation. Some comparisons of communities with each other and with other portions of the Tsuga heterophylla Zone near the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest are also included. Watershed 10 is a 10.24 hectare watershed that drains to the west. It is located near to but outside of the southwestern boundary of the Experimental Forest. The elevation of the watershed ranges from 1425 feet (435 m) to 2,275 feet (695 m). The entire watershed lies within the Tsuga heterophylla.Zone of Franklin and Dyrness. METHODS: Preliminary surveying of watershed 10 with staff compass, chains and Abney levels was completed in 1970. During this surveying three base lines running north and south were established at equal intervals within the watershed. These base lines served as reference points during the establishment of a 25 m grid system in 1971-1972. Using staff compass, chains, and Abney levels, the 25 m grid system was established with correction for slope over the entire watershed (figure 1). During spring, 1972, aluminum corner stakes were installed and labeled to mark the 25 meter grid corners. Grid sections were numbered, for referencing positions in the watershed. 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• 6. [Article] Forest plant communities of the lower Cedar River watershed

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Forest plant communities of the lower Cedar River watershed Author: University of Washington, Scott, David R. M., Long, J., U.S. International Biological Program. Coniferous Forest Biome Title: Forest plant communities of the lower Cedar River watershed Author: University of Washington, Scott, David R. M., Long, J., U.S. International Biological Program. Coniferous Forest Biome Close

• 7. [Article] Arthropods associated with various age stands of Douglas-fir from foliar, ground, and aerial strata

  The arthropod community in a Douglas-fir forest near Blue River, Lane County, Oregon was investigated from March through August 1973. Five stands of Douglas-fir were sampled: two clearcuttings, a young-growth (20 ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Arthropods associated with various age stands of Douglas-fir from foliar, ground, and aerial strata Author: Mispagel, Michael E., U.S. International Biological Program. Coniferous Forest Biome, Rose, Sharon Diane The arthropod community in a Douglas-fir forest near Blue River, Lane County, Oregon was investigated from March through August 1973. Five stands of Douglas-fir were sampled: two clearcuttings, a young-growth (20 years old), a midgrowth (125 years old), and an old-growth (450 years old) plot. A pole pruner was used to sample the foliar fauna on the trees in the young-growth plot. The ground fauna was sampled by pitfall traps, and the aerial fauna by rotary nets in each of the stand types. Relative abundances and general trophic categories and species lists for each strata are presented with comment. Trapping method efficiencies are discussed in light of the results of this study and data presented in the literature. Title: Arthropods associated with various age stands of Douglas-fir from foliar, ground, and aerial strata Author: Mispagel, Michael E., U.S. International Biological Program. Coniferous Forest Biome, Rose, Sharon Diane The arthropod community in a Douglas-fir forest near Blue River, Lane County, Oregon was investigated from March through August 1973. Five stands of Douglas-fir were sampled: two clearcuttings, a young-growth (20 years old), a midgrowth (125 years old), and an old-growth (450 years old) plot. A pole pruner was used to sample the foliar fauna on the trees in the young-growth plot. The ground fauna was sampled by pitfall traps, and the aerial fauna by rotary nets in each of the stand types. Relative abundances and general trophic categories and species lists for each strata are presented with comment. Trapping method efficiencies are discussed in light of the results of this study and data presented in the literature. Close

• 8. [Article] Periphyton dynamics in lotic environments : a simulation model

  The simulation model described below is based on the assumption that the periphyton community can be treated as a unit, without a quantitative concern for the dynamics of its many constituent populations. ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Periphyton dynamics in lotic environments : a simulation model Author: U.S. International Biological Program. Coniferous Forest Biome, McIntire, C. David, University of Washington The simulation model described below is based on the assumption that the periphyton community can be treated as a unit, without a quantitative concern for the dynamics of its many constituent populations. The function statements and parameter estimates incorporated into the model are based on experimental work with laboratory streams and some observational data from Berry Creek Experimental Stream. The approach used here to model the dynamics of periphyton communities in streams is essentially the same approach employed by Jay W. Forrester to model industrial and urban systems. A particular system is identified by establishing a boundary within which the system interactions take place. Level (state) variables and rate (flow) variables are linked together by a complex system of feedback loops and various intermediate concepts (modules), and these components represent the basic structural elements within the boundary. Function statements that represent relation between structural components of the system are written and programmed in some suitable simulation language (for example, MIMIC or DYNAMO). The computer output usually provides numerical values of particular variables and a plot of these values against time. Title: Periphyton dynamics in lotic environments : a simulation model Author: U.S. International Biological Program. Coniferous Forest Biome, McIntire, C. David, University of Washington The simulation model described below is based on the assumption that the periphyton community can be treated as a unit, without a quantitative concern for the dynamics of its many constituent populations. The function statements and parameter estimates incorporated into the model are based on experimental work with laboratory streams and some observational data from Berry Creek Experimental Stream. The approach used here to model the dynamics of periphyton communities in streams is essentially the same approach employed by Jay W. Forrester to model industrial and urban systems. A particular system is identified by establishing a boundary within which the system interactions take place. Level (state) variables and rate (flow) variables are linked together by a complex system of feedback loops and various intermediate concepts (modules), and these components represent the basic structural elements within the boundary. Function statements that represent relation between structural components of the system are written and programmed in some suitable simulation language (for example, MIMIC or DYNAMO). The computer output usually provides numerical values of particular variables and a plot of these values against time. Close

• 9. [Article] H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest reference stand system : establishment and use history

  Nineteen l/4-hectare reference stands have been established in the central western Cascade Mountains of Oregon to represent widespread and important portions of the vegetation continuum. Their species ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest reference stand system : establishment and use history Author: Hawk, Glenn M., U.S. International Biological Program. Coniferous Forest Biome Nineteen l/4-hectare reference stands have been established in the central western Cascade Mountains of Oregon to represent widespread and important portions of the vegetation continuum. Their species diversity, cover, and structure are described here. The stands provide points of reference for visiting scientists and researchers who wish to design experiments around the natural stratification of vegetation provided by the differing habitat types. Several studies have tested theory about certain plant community-environment relations and given credence to the classification of habitat types in use in many northwest forests. This work reviews the methods for establishment, mapping, and collection of data on vegetation and the six-year history of use of the reference stands for 1972-1977. Title: H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest reference stand system : establishment and use history Author: Hawk, Glenn M., U.S. International Biological Program. Coniferous Forest Biome Nineteen l/4-hectare reference stands have been established in the central western Cascade Mountains of Oregon to represent widespread and important portions of the vegetation continuum. Their species diversity, cover, and structure are described here. The stands provide points of reference for visiting scientists and researchers who wish to design experiments around the natural stratification of vegetation provided by the differing habitat types. Several studies have tested theory about certain plant community-environment relations and given credence to the classification of habitat types in use in many northwest forests. This work reviews the methods for establishment, mapping, and collection of data on vegetation and the six-year history of use of the reference stands for 1972-1977. Close

• 10. [Article] Annual report on site characterization

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Annual report on site characterization Author: U.S. International Biological Program. Coniferous Forest Biome, Dyrness, C. T., University of Washington Title: Annual report on site characterization Author: U.S. International Biological Program. Coniferous Forest Biome, Dyrness, C. T., University of Washington Close