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• 1. [Article] Tree planting for control of gorse on the Oregon coast

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Tree planting for control of gorse on the Oregon coast Author: Oregon State University. Forest Research Laboratory, Newton, Michael, 1932-, Hermann, Richard K. Title: Tree planting for control of gorse on the Oregon coast Author: Oregon State University. Forest Research Laboratory, Newton, Michael, 1932-, Hermann, Richard K. Close

• 2. [Article] Testing the vigor of coniferous planting stock

  "We describe a test procedure developed during growth room and field trials for which we processed hundreds of test lots of seedlings, mainly Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) and ponderosa pine (Pinus ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Testing the vigor of coniferous planting stock Author: Lavender, Denis P., Oregon State University. Forest Research Laboratory, Hermann, Richard K. "We describe a test procedure developed during growth room and field trials for which we processed hundreds of test lots of seedlings, mainly Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) and ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa), as well as lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta), Jeffrey pine (Pinus jeffreyi), and Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis), noble fir (Abies procera), and western larch (Larix occidentaiis). If done properly, this simple procedure will closely estimate the physiological vigor of planting stock."--P. [1]. Title: Testing the vigor of coniferous planting stock Author: Lavender, Denis P., Oregon State University. Forest Research Laboratory, Hermann, Richard K. "We describe a test procedure developed during growth room and field trials for which we processed hundreds of test lots of seedlings, mainly Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) and ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa), as well as lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta), Jeffrey pine (Pinus jeffreyi), and Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis), noble fir (Abies procera), and western larch (Larix occidentaiis). If done properly, this simple procedure will closely estimate the physiological vigor of planting stock."--P. [1]. Close

• 3. [Article] Lifting and storing western conifer seedlings

  Reforestation sometimes is delayed by planting seedlings that do not havehigh potential for survival. Several factors influence survival. Unstored Douglas-fir lifted and planted in early fall generally ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Lifting and storing western conifer seedlings Author: Lavender, Denis P., Zaerr, Joe B., Hermann, Richard K., Oregon State University. Forest Research Laboratory Reforestation sometimes is delayed by planting seedlings that do not havehigh potential for survival. Several factors influence survival. Unstored Douglas-fir lifted and planted in early fall generally are increasingly harmed by moisture stress the farther south in the Douglas-fir region they are. Such early-lifted seedlings are harmed even more by subsequent cold storage, but storage of seedlings lifted after mid-November does little harm. Root growth is at a peak from January to March, and lifting causes little damage. Cold storage of seedlings lifted when they have high capacity for root growth extends the period of such capability. Storage at 35 F is least damaging. Periods of light during storage benefit survival when planted, but differences in moisture stress caused by storage in closed boxes or in open bundles apparently has no effect. Title: Lifting and storing western conifer seedlings Author: Lavender, Denis P., Zaerr, Joe B., Hermann, Richard K., Oregon State University. Forest Research Laboratory Reforestation sometimes is delayed by planting seedlings that do not havehigh potential for survival. Several factors influence survival. Unstored Douglas-fir lifted and planted in early fall generally are increasingly harmed by moisture stress the farther south in the Douglas-fir region they are. Such early-lifted seedlings are harmed even more by subsequent cold storage, but storage of seedlings lifted after mid-November does little harm. Root growth is at a peak from January to March, and lifting causes little damage. Cold storage of seedlings lifted when they have high capacity for root growth extends the period of such capability. Storage at 35 F is least damaging. Periods of light during storage benefit survival when planted, but differences in moisture stress caused by storage in closed boxes or in open bundles apparently has no effect. Close

• 4. [Article] Survival of planted ponderosa pine in Southern Oregon

  Planting techniques, size and age of seedlings, and protection against animals were investigated for their influence on survival of ponderosa pine at two sites in southern Oregon. Caging and mulching with ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Survival of planted ponderosa pine in Southern Oregon Author: Oregon State University. Forest Research Laboratory, Hermann, Richard K. Planting techniques, size and age of seedlings, and protection against animals were investigated for their influence on survival of ponderosa pine at two sites in southern Oregon. Caging and mulching with paper were the most effective measures for reducing mortality. Preliminary trials prior to large-scale planting were recommended for determining biotic hazards and severity of climate. Title: Survival of planted ponderosa pine in Southern Oregon Author: Oregon State University. Forest Research Laboratory, Hermann, Richard K. Planting techniques, size and age of seedlings, and protection against animals were investigated for their influence on survival of ponderosa pine at two sites in southern Oregon. Caging and mulching with paper were the most effective measures for reducing mortality. Preliminary trials prior to large-scale planting were recommended for determining biotic hazards and severity of climate. Close

• 5. [Article] Artificial seeding of pine in central Oregon

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Artificial seeding of pine in central Oregon Author: Oregon State University. Forest Research Laboratory, Wagg, John William Bruce, Hermann, Richard K. Title: Artificial seeding of pine in central Oregon Author: Oregon State University. Forest Research Laboratory, Wagg, John William Bruce, Hermann, Richard K. Close

• 6. [Article] A freezing apparatus for cold-tolerance tests of conifers

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A freezing apparatus for cold-tolerance tests of conifers Author: Oregon State University. Forest Research Laboratory, Wessel, William James, Hermann, Richard K. Title: A freezing apparatus for cold-tolerance tests of conifers Author: Oregon State University. Forest Research Laboratory, Wessel, William James, Hermann, Richard K. Close

• 7. [Article] Bibliography of Douglas-fir provenance studies, 1907-1974

  Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) is one of the world's most important and valuable timber trees. Its natural distribution in North America resembles an inverted V with uneven sides. From ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Bibliography of Douglas-fir provenance studies, 1907-1974 Author: Ching, Kim K., Oregon State University. Forest Research Laboratory, Hermann, Richard K. Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) is one of the world's most important and valuable timber trees. Its natural distribution in North America resembles an inverted V with uneven sides. From the apex in British Columbia, the western half extends along the Pacific mountain ranges into California for about 2,200 km (1,400 miles). The eastern half stretches along the Rocky Mountains of Canada and the United States into the mountains of central Mexico over a distance of about 4,500 km (2,800 miles). Douglas-fir was introduced into the British Isles 35 years after its discovery by Archibald Menzies on Vancouver Island in 1792. Since then, the cultivation of this species has spread to many parts of Europe, New Zealand, Australia, and some of the temperate regions of South America. At the beginning of the present century, foresters became aware that the tremendous divergence of climate, topography, soils, and other environmental conditions throughout the range of Douglas-fir was accompanied by an equally great genetic diversity within this species. The first provenance studies of Douglas-fir date back to that period, and additional provenance tests were initiated in subsequent decades. Interest in provenance studies for better understanding of variation in growth and development of the species, and their implications for improvement of future crops of trees, has continued to this day. The international Douglas-fir study that was begun in 1966-67 with the cooperation of many nations, and the IUFRO meeting in 1973 dealing with the various aspects of Douglas-fir provenance research are indicative of the efforts in this field. Results of provenance studies are contained in many publications, dissertations, and unpublished reports. Because many of these papers are obscure or not easily accessible, we have prepared this bibliography for all those interested in Douglas-fir provenance research. However hard we have tried to include all relevant publications, some worthwhile papers may have been omitted. We hope that our continuing search for additional materials, in conjunction with comments and suggestions from readers of this bibliography, will rectify the situation. Title: Bibliography of Douglas-fir provenance studies, 1907-1974 Author: Ching, Kim K., Oregon State University. Forest Research Laboratory, Hermann, Richard K. Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) is one of the world's most important and valuable timber trees. Its natural distribution in North America resembles an inverted V with uneven sides. From the apex in British Columbia, the western half extends along the Pacific mountain ranges into California for about 2,200 km (1,400 miles). The eastern half stretches along the Rocky Mountains of Canada and the United States into the mountains of central Mexico over a distance of about 4,500 km (2,800 miles). Douglas-fir was introduced into the British Isles 35 years after its discovery by Archibald Menzies on Vancouver Island in 1792. Since then, the cultivation of this species has spread to many parts of Europe, New Zealand, Australia, and some of the temperate regions of South America. At the beginning of the present century, foresters became aware that the tremendous divergence of climate, topography, soils, and other environmental conditions throughout the range of Douglas-fir was accompanied by an equally great genetic diversity within this species. The first provenance studies of Douglas-fir date back to that period, and additional provenance tests were initiated in subsequent decades. Interest in provenance studies for better understanding of variation in growth and development of the species, and their implications for improvement of future crops of trees, has continued to this day. The international Douglas-fir study that was begun in 1966-67 with the cooperation of many nations, and the IUFRO meeting in 1973 dealing with the various aspects of Douglas-fir provenance research are indicative of the efforts in this field. Results of provenance studies are contained in many publications, dissertations, and unpublished reports. Because many of these papers are obscure or not easily accessible, we have prepared this bibliography for all those interested in Douglas-fir provenance research. However hard we have tried to include all relevant publications, some worthwhile papers may have been omitted. We hope that our continuing search for additional materials, in conjunction with comments and suggestions from readers of this bibliography, will rectify the situation. Close

• 8. [Article] Effect of seedbeds on germination and survival of Douglas-fir

  Germination and survival of Douglas-fir on seedbeds of unburned, lightly burned, and severely burned soil, charcoal, litter, and sawdust, exposed to 100, 75, and 25 percent of full light, were studied ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Effect of seedbeds on germination and survival of Douglas-fir Author: Chilcote, William W., Oregon State University. Forest Research Laboratory, Hermann, Richard K. Germination and survival of Douglas-fir on seedbeds of unburned, lightly burned, and severely burned soil, charcoal, litter, and sawdust, exposed to 100, 75, and 25 percent of full light, were studied on a south-facing clearcutting in the Coast range of Oregon. Irrespective of exposure to light, germination was best on charcoal and on severely burned soil, which was attributed to prolonged preservation of moisture at the surfaces of these materials. Differences in germination among these two and other seedbeds were statistically significant. The initial advantage of high germination on charcoal and severely burned soil was still apparent after six growing seasons. Stocking of trees remained highest on these seedbeds in spite of considerable mortality in the first growing season. Loss of seedlings was severe during, and shortly after, the period of germination. Then mortality decreased and became insignificant in following years. Rodents, heat, and damping-off, in this order, were the major causes of mortality. Heat was the predominant cause of mortality in the open, but rodents and damping-off fungi took the heaviest toll in shade. A preference of rodents for particular seedbeds was not apparent. To what extent mortality by heat and by damping off reflected influence of seedbeds could not be determined because of the confounding effect of rodents. Almost daily, temperatures of 1400 F (600 C) were maintained for 2-5 hours at the surface of seedbeds in the second half of the first growing season. Perhaps because of hardening of seedlings, mortality by heat decreased steadily in spite of increase in temperatures in the latter half of the season. Pronounced differences were not found in rate of depletion of moisture in the soil underneath various seedbeds. The supply of moisture became critically low only for a short period at the end of summer, apparently a consequence of absence of herbaceous vegetation. Growth in height of seedlings and development of their roots in the first year seemed to be unrelated to characteristics of seedbeds. Results of the present study are considered to be representative of initial development of Douglas-fir seedlings on south-facing clearcut areas in the Coast range of Oregon, provided germination occurs early and competing vegetation is absent. Title: Effect of seedbeds on germination and survival of Douglas-fir Author: Chilcote, William W., Oregon State University. Forest Research Laboratory, Hermann, Richard K. Germination and survival of Douglas-fir on seedbeds of unburned, lightly burned, and severely burned soil, charcoal, litter, and sawdust, exposed to 100, 75, and 25 percent of full light, were studied on a south-facing clearcutting in the Coast range of Oregon. Irrespective of exposure to light, germination was best on charcoal and on severely burned soil, which was attributed to prolonged preservation of moisture at the surfaces of these materials. Differences in germination among these two and other seedbeds were statistically significant. The initial advantage of high germination on charcoal and severely burned soil was still apparent after six growing seasons. Stocking of trees remained highest on these seedbeds in spite of considerable mortality in the first growing season. Loss of seedlings was severe during, and shortly after, the period of germination. Then mortality decreased and became insignificant in following years. Rodents, heat, and damping-off, in this order, were the major causes of mortality. Heat was the predominant cause of mortality in the open, but rodents and damping-off fungi took the heaviest toll in shade. A preference of rodents for particular seedbeds was not apparent. To what extent mortality by heat and by damping off reflected influence of seedbeds could not be determined because of the confounding effect of rodents. Almost daily, temperatures of 1400 F (600 C) were maintained for 2-5 hours at the surface of seedbeds in the second half of the first growing season. Perhaps because of hardening of seedlings, mortality by heat decreased steadily in spite of increase in temperatures in the latter half of the season. Pronounced differences were not found in rate of depletion of moisture in the soil underneath various seedbeds. The supply of moisture became critically low only for a short period at the end of summer, apparently a consequence of absence of herbaceous vegetation. Growth in height of seedlings and development of their roots in the first year seemed to be unrelated to characteristics of seedbeds. Results of the present study are considered to be representative of initial development of Douglas-fir seedlings on south-facing clearcut areas in the Coast range of Oregon, provided germination occurs early and competing vegetation is absent. Close