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• 1. [Article] Solvent Chemistry in the Electronic Cigarette Reaction Vessel

  Knowledge of the mechanism of formation, levels and toxicological profiles of the chemical products in the aerosols (i.e., vapor plus particulate phases) of e-cigarettes is needed in order to better inform ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Solvent Chemistry in the Electronic Cigarette Reaction Vessel Author: Jensen, Robert Paul, Strongin, Robert M., Peyton, David H. Year: 2017 Knowledge of the mechanism of formation, levels and toxicological profiles of the chemical products in the aerosols (i.e., vapor plus particulate phases) of e-cigarettes is needed in order to better inform basic research as well as the general public, regulators, and industry. To date, studies of e-cigarette emissions have mainly focused on chromatographic techniques for quantifying and comparing the levels of selected e-cigarette aerosol components to those found in traditional cigarettes. E-cigarettes heat and aerosolize the solvents propylene glycol (PG) and glycerol (GLY), thereby affording unique product profiles as compared to traditional cigarettes. The chemical literature strongly suggests that there should be more compounds produced by PG and GLY than have been reported in e-cigarette aerosols to date. Herein we report an extensive investigation of the products derived from vaporizing PG and GLY under mild, single puff conditions. This has led to the discovery of several new compounds produced under vaping conditions. Prior reports on e-cigarette toxin production have emphasized temperature as the primary variable in solvent degradation. In the current study, the molecular pathways leading to enhanced PG/GLY reactivity are described, along with the most impactful chemical conditions promoting byproduct production. Title: Solvent Chemistry in the Electronic Cigarette Reaction Vessel Author: Jensen, Robert Paul, Strongin, Robert M., Peyton, David H. Year: 2017 Knowledge of the mechanism of formation, levels and toxicological profiles of the chemical products in the aerosols (i.e., vapor plus particulate phases) of e-cigarettes is needed in order to better inform basic research as well as the general public, regulators, and industry. To date, studies of e-cigarette emissions have mainly focused on chromatographic techniques for quantifying and comparing the levels of selected e-cigarette aerosol components to those found in traditional cigarettes. E-cigarettes heat and aerosolize the solvents propylene glycol (PG) and glycerol (GLY), thereby affording unique product profiles as compared to traditional cigarettes. The chemical literature strongly suggests that there should be more compounds produced by PG and GLY than have been reported in e-cigarette aerosols to date. Herein we report an extensive investigation of the products derived from vaporizing PG and GLY under mild, single puff conditions. This has led to the discovery of several new compounds produced under vaping conditions. Prior reports on e-cigarette toxin production have emphasized temperature as the primary variable in solvent degradation. In the current study, the molecular pathways leading to enhanced PG/GLY reactivity are described, along with the most impactful chemical conditions promoting byproduct production. Close

• 2. [Article] Thermal Decomposition of Electronic Cigarette Liquids

  Electronic cigarette liquid (e-liquid) is a solution of propylene glycol and/or glycerol with varying concentrations of nicotine and flavorants. Inhalation of vaporized e-liquid is a method of nicotine ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Thermal Decomposition of Electronic Cigarette Liquids Author: Jensen, Robert Paul Year: 2016 Electronic cigarette liquid (e-liquid) is a solution of propylene glycol and/or glycerol with varying concentrations of nicotine and flavorants. Inhalation of vaporized e-liquid is a method of nicotine delivery that is growing in popularity and is commonly regarded as safe relative to smoking traditional tobacco products. The thermal decomposition of glycerol and propylene glycol is typical of alcohols and has been investigated, although not exhaustively. In this work, samples of propylene glycol and glycerol were vaporized using an electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) and were analyzed for evidence of decomposition using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. E-cigarettes are shown to degrade glycerol and propylene glycol into a diverse array of oxidation and dehydration products including glyceraldehyde, lactaldehyde, dihydroxyacetone, hydroxyacetone, glycidol, acrolein, propanal, acetone, allyl alcohol, acetic acid, acetaldehyde, formic acid, and formaldehyde. Evidence is presented that the abundance of these decomposition products may depend upon the temperature of the metal heating element but could also depend upon some catalytic aspect of the metal surface. The combination of formaldehyde with alcohols such as glycerol and propylene glycol was explored; hemiformals are stable hemiacetals that can be detected by NMR spectroscopy and are shown to be subject to hydrolysis when diluted in water. Investigations into smoking a glycerol-based tobacco mixture known as shisha using charcoals instead of metal heating elements also resulted in the dehydration of glycerol and sugars. Title: Thermal Decomposition of Electronic Cigarette Liquids Author: Jensen, Robert Paul Year: 2016 Electronic cigarette liquid (e-liquid) is a solution of propylene glycol and/or glycerol with varying concentrations of nicotine and flavorants. Inhalation of vaporized e-liquid is a method of nicotine delivery that is growing in popularity and is commonly regarded as safe relative to smoking traditional tobacco products. The thermal decomposition of glycerol and propylene glycol is typical of alcohols and has been investigated, although not exhaustively. In this work, samples of propylene glycol and glycerol were vaporized using an electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) and were analyzed for evidence of decomposition using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. E-cigarettes are shown to degrade glycerol and propylene glycol into a diverse array of oxidation and dehydration products including glyceraldehyde, lactaldehyde, dihydroxyacetone, hydroxyacetone, glycidol, acrolein, propanal, acetone, allyl alcohol, acetic acid, acetaldehyde, formic acid, and formaldehyde. Evidence is presented that the abundance of these decomposition products may depend upon the temperature of the metal heating element but could also depend upon some catalytic aspect of the metal surface. The combination of formaldehyde with alcohols such as glycerol and propylene glycol was explored; hemiformals are stable hemiacetals that can be detected by NMR spectroscopy and are shown to be subject to hydrolysis when diluted in water. Investigations into smoking a glycerol-based tobacco mixture known as shisha using charcoals instead of metal heating elements also resulted in the dehydration of glycerol and sugars. Close