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• 651. [Article] Structuring habitat to conserve ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) and reduce summer annual weeds in agroecosystems

  Weed management in sustainable farming systems often requires the integration of several different pest management techniques. Cultural, biological, and chemical pest control efforts can be utilized to ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Structuring habitat to conserve ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) and reduce summer annual weeds in agroecosystems Author: Green, Jessica M. (Jessica Marie) Weed management in sustainable farming systems often requires the integration of several different pest management techniques. Cultural, biological, and chemical pest control efforts can be utilized to contribute to the common goal of reducing weeds in vegetable row crop systems. This research addresses how common disturbances such as tillage and insecticide use affect: carabid beetle assemblages; predation of weed seeds by invertebrates; and weed seed recruitment. Field experiments were conducted over three years at two different locations on the OSU Vegetable Research Farm, Linn Co., OR. We found that activity-density of carabid beetles varied seasonally and peaked in late August-September each year. Insecticide applied in year 1 affected seed loss in year 2, suggesting possible long-term effects of land management on weed seed removal. Weed recruitment was highly variable between treatment, site, and year. Conserving biological weed control agents in combination with cultural techniques such as reducing tillage and the use of cover crops, helps growers shift from expensive, density-independent control efforts to more ecological, long-term solutions for weed management in agroecosystems. Title: Structuring habitat to conserve ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) and reduce summer annual weeds in agroecosystems Author: Green, Jessica M. (Jessica Marie) Weed management in sustainable farming systems often requires the integration of several different pest management techniques. Cultural, biological, and chemical pest control efforts can be utilized to contribute to the common goal of reducing weeds in vegetable row crop systems. This research addresses how common disturbances such as tillage and insecticide use affect: carabid beetle assemblages; predation of weed seeds by invertebrates; and weed seed recruitment. Field experiments were conducted over three years at two different locations on the OSU Vegetable Research Farm, Linn Co., OR. We found that activity-density of carabid beetles varied seasonally and peaked in late August-September each year. Insecticide applied in year 1 affected seed loss in year 2, suggesting possible long-term effects of land management on weed seed removal. Weed recruitment was highly variable between treatment, site, and year. Conserving biological weed control agents in combination with cultural techniques such as reducing tillage and the use of cover crops, helps growers shift from expensive, density-independent control efforts to more ecological, long-term solutions for weed management in agroecosystems. Close

• 652. [Article] Genes affecting novel seed constituents in Limnanthes alba Benth: transcriptome analysis of developing embryos and a new genetic map of meadowfoam

  This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the author(s) and published by PeerJ. The published article can be found at: https://peerj.com/.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Genes affecting novel seed constituents in Limnanthes alba Benth: transcriptome analysis of developing embryos and a new genetic map of meadowfoam Author: Cooper, Laurel D., Kling, Jennifer G., Kishore, Venkata K., Knapp, Steven J., Slabaugh, Mary B. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the author(s) and published by PeerJ. The published article can be found at: https://peerj.com/. Title: Genes affecting novel seed constituents in Limnanthes alba Benth: transcriptome analysis of developing embryos and a new genetic map of meadowfoam Author: Cooper, Laurel D., Kling, Jennifer G., Kishore, Venkata K., Knapp, Steven J., Slabaugh, Mary B. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the author(s) and published by PeerJ. The published article can be found at: https://peerj.com/. Close

• 653. [Article] Developing Trap and Kill Technologies to Improve Management of the Western Spotted Cucumber Beetle (Diabrotica undecimpunctata undecimpunctata) and the Western Striped Cucumber Beetle (Acalymma trivittatum)

  The western spotted cucumber beetle (Diabrotica undecimpunctata undecimpunctata) and the western striped cucumber beetle (Acalymma trivittatum) are pests of many crops, including vegetable, fruit, and ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Developing Trap and Kill Technologies to Improve Management of the Western Spotted Cucumber Beetle (Diabrotica undecimpunctata undecimpunctata) and the Western Striped Cucumber Beetle (Acalymma trivittatum) Author: Alderman, Katie The western spotted cucumber beetle (Diabrotica undecimpunctata undecimpunctata) and the western striped cucumber beetle (Acalymma trivittatum) are pests of many crops, including vegetable, fruit, and nursery crops. Pesticides are commonly used to control this pest. Trap and kill technologies are under development as use in an alternative control for cucumber beetles, the trap design includes three parts: a kairomone, cucurbitacin “beetle bar”, and plastic or plexiglass trap body. This project had three objectives, including: (1) to evaluate the effect of temperature on the degradation of the cucurbitacin concentration in the bait components of a trap and kill technology, (2) to evaluate kairomone lure longevity under field conditions, and (3) to evaluate effectiveness of alternative traps and design modifications on beetle capture rate. High Performance Liquid Chromatography was used to identify cucurbitacin degradation. The cucurbitacin content of the bait declined 23% over ten weeks at temperatures above 32°C but remained relatively stable at temperatures below 21°C. Duration of kairomone lure attractivity was determined in the field by beetle capture rate on variously aged kairomones. The kairomone was the most attractive as fresh or 1-day post prep lure, in comparison to older lures or no lures. A 35-day old lure caught more beetles than a nolure trap. Beetle capture rate was used to evaluate trap design efficiency. The dilution of the bait to 10% cucurbitacin increased beetle capture rate. A round trap design, called the OSU lab trap, was the most efficient trap for both spotted and striped beetles, while the modifications of a vent and minilure were inconclusive. Title: Developing Trap and Kill Technologies to Improve Management of the Western Spotted Cucumber Beetle (Diabrotica undecimpunctata undecimpunctata) and the Western Striped Cucumber Beetle (Acalymma trivittatum) Author: Alderman, Katie The western spotted cucumber beetle (Diabrotica undecimpunctata undecimpunctata) and the western striped cucumber beetle (Acalymma trivittatum) are pests of many crops, including vegetable, fruit, and nursery crops. Pesticides are commonly used to control this pest. Trap and kill technologies are under development as use in an alternative control for cucumber beetles, the trap design includes three parts: a kairomone, cucurbitacin “beetle bar”, and plastic or plexiglass trap body. This project had three objectives, including: (1) to evaluate the effect of temperature on the degradation of the cucurbitacin concentration in the bait components of a trap and kill technology, (2) to evaluate kairomone lure longevity under field conditions, and (3) to evaluate effectiveness of alternative traps and design modifications on beetle capture rate. High Performance Liquid Chromatography was used to identify cucurbitacin degradation. The cucurbitacin content of the bait declined 23% over ten weeks at temperatures above 32°C but remained relatively stable at temperatures below 21°C. Duration of kairomone lure attractivity was determined in the field by beetle capture rate on variously aged kairomones. The kairomone was the most attractive as fresh or 1-day post prep lure, in comparison to older lures or no lures. A 35-day old lure caught more beetles than a nolure trap. Beetle capture rate was used to evaluate trap design efficiency. The dilution of the bait to 10% cucurbitacin increased beetle capture rate. A round trap design, called the OSU lab trap, was the most efficient trap for both spotted and striped beetles, while the modifications of a vent and minilure were inconclusive. Close

• 654. [Article] Mapping Fusarium solani and Aphanomyces euteiches Root Rot Resistance and Root Architecture Quantitative Trait Loci in Common Bean

  To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Crop Science ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Mapping Fusarium solani and Aphanomyces euteiches Root Rot Resistance and Root Architecture Quantitative Trait Loci in Common Bean Author: Cregan, P. B., Noffsinger, S., Myers, J. R., Cuesta-Marcos, A., McClean, P., Song, Q., Hagerty, C. H. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Crop Science Society of America and can be found at: https://dl.sciencesocieties.org/publications/cs Title: Mapping Fusarium solani and Aphanomyces euteiches Root Rot Resistance and Root Architecture Quantitative Trait Loci in Common Bean Author: Cregan, P. B., Noffsinger, S., Myers, J. R., Cuesta-Marcos, A., McClean, P., Song, Q., Hagerty, C. H. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Crop Science Society of America and can be found at: https://dl.sciencesocieties.org/publications/cs Close

• 655. [Article] Analysis of Global Gene Expression in Brachypodium distachyon Reveals Extensive Network Plasticity in Response to Abiotic Stress

  This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the author(s) and published by the Public Library of Science. The published article can be found at: http://www.plosone.org/.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Analysis of Global Gene Expression in Brachypodium distachyon Reveals Extensive Network Plasticity in Response to Abiotic Stress Author: Rowley, Erik R., Priest, Henry D., Murray, Jessica R., Fox, Samuel E., Mockler, Todd C., Michael, Todd P. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the author(s) and published by the Public Library of Science. The published article can be found at: http://www.plosone.org/. Title: Analysis of Global Gene Expression in Brachypodium distachyon Reveals Extensive Network Plasticity in Response to Abiotic Stress Author: Rowley, Erik R., Priest, Henry D., Murray, Jessica R., Fox, Samuel E., Mockler, Todd C., Michael, Todd P. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the author(s) and published by the Public Library of Science. The published article can be found at: http://www.plosone.org/. Close

• 656. [Article] Effect of boron on seven vegetable crops grown on two soil types

  Boron deficiency or toxicity can reduce yield and quality of vegetables. Seven vegetable crops, varying from low to high boron requirements were grown in field plots at Corvallis in 1987. Leaf-B and yield ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Effect of boron on seven vegetable crops grown on two soil types Author: Oneida, Kelly Ann Boron deficiency or toxicity can reduce yield and quality of vegetables. Seven vegetable crops, varying from low to high boron requirements were grown in field plots at Corvallis in 1987. Leaf-B and yield components of green bean, cucumber, potato, carrot, tomato, broccoli and table beet were examined under conditions of fall or spring soil applied B at a 5 kg/ha rate on two soil types. Soil tests on control plots indicated B levels of .39 mg/kg and .20 mg/kg in the top 23 cm of soil in the silty clay loam and sandy loam soil, respectively. Fall or spring application of B increased soil B levels in the top 23 cm on the silty clay loam soil to .68 mg/kg and .37 mg/kg, and on the sandy loam soil to .81 mg/kg and .42 mg/kg, respectively. Boron application had no effect on yield or yield components except in green beans where spring applied B on the sandy loam reduced percent of premium grade pods (sieve sizes 1-4). Leaf-B levels were not affected in cucumber, carrot, or tomato on either soil. Boron application on both soils had a significant effect on leaf-B levels in bean, broccoli and table beet. Potato leaf-B was significantly affected only on the sandy loam soil. Title: Effect of boron on seven vegetable crops grown on two soil types Author: Oneida, Kelly Ann Boron deficiency or toxicity can reduce yield and quality of vegetables. Seven vegetable crops, varying from low to high boron requirements were grown in field plots at Corvallis in 1987. Leaf-B and yield components of green bean, cucumber, potato, carrot, tomato, broccoli and table beet were examined under conditions of fall or spring soil applied B at a 5 kg/ha rate on two soil types. Soil tests on control plots indicated B levels of .39 mg/kg and .20 mg/kg in the top 23 cm of soil in the silty clay loam and sandy loam soil, respectively. Fall or spring application of B increased soil B levels in the top 23 cm on the silty clay loam soil to .68 mg/kg and .37 mg/kg, and on the sandy loam soil to .81 mg/kg and .42 mg/kg, respectively. Boron application had no effect on yield or yield components except in green beans where spring applied B on the sandy loam reduced percent of premium grade pods (sieve sizes 1-4). Leaf-B levels were not affected in cucumber, carrot, or tomato on either soil. Boron application on both soils had a significant effect on leaf-B levels in bean, broccoli and table beet. Potato leaf-B was significantly affected only on the sandy loam soil. Close

• 657. [Article] Stolon effects on growth and development of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) nodal cuttings

  Experiments were conducted to determine: (1) effects of pretransplant stolon formation on performance of potato transplants in the field and greenhouse; (2) effects of parent plant nodal position on productivity ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Stolon effects on growth and development of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) nodal cuttings Author: Thompson, Joyce Ann Experiments were conducted to determine: (1) effects of pretransplant stolon formation on performance of potato transplants in the field and greenhouse; (2) effects of parent plant nodal position on productivity of rooted nodal cuttings; and (3) relationships between photoperiod and stolon formation. The effects of early stolon formation on Russet Burbank transplants were studied using transplants with stolons present, stolons absent, and stolons removed. Field studies revealed no significant treatment effects on total yield, number of tubers per plant, weight per tuber or numbers of eyes per tuber. In greenhouse studies, the presence of stolons on transplants significantly increased total tuber yield, number of tubers per plant, weight per tuber, and eyes per tuber compared with plantlets with stolons absent at transplanting. Early stolon formation decreased transplant height but, as potato plants matured, treatment effects on vine length became negligible. Dry weight of mature top growth was not affected by early stolon formation. Transplants were taller, more tubers per plant were produced, tuber size was reduced, and total yield was lower in the first planting date than in the second planting date in the greenhouse study of experiment one. Lower light intensity during the nodal increase and crop growth may partially explain the significant differences in plant growth. Use of lower parent plant nodal sections for transplant production favored plant survival, early stolon formation, and high tuber yield. Central-to-lower parent plant nodal sections produced taller transplants than upper nodal sections. Nodal position did not significantly affect numbers of tubers per plant, tuber weight, or number of eyes per tuber. Short (8-hour) days in comparison to long (16-hour) days favored early stolon formation and increased stolon length on rooted nodal cuttings. Transplant height was reduced by short days. Title: Stolon effects on growth and development of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) nodal cuttings Author: Thompson, Joyce Ann Experiments were conducted to determine: (1) effects of pretransplant stolon formation on performance of potato transplants in the field and greenhouse; (2) effects of parent plant nodal position on productivity of rooted nodal cuttings; and (3) relationships between photoperiod and stolon formation. The effects of early stolon formation on Russet Burbank transplants were studied using transplants with stolons present, stolons absent, and stolons removed. Field studies revealed no significant treatment effects on total yield, number of tubers per plant, weight per tuber or numbers of eyes per tuber. In greenhouse studies, the presence of stolons on transplants significantly increased total tuber yield, number of tubers per plant, weight per tuber, and eyes per tuber compared with plantlets with stolons absent at transplanting. Early stolon formation decreased transplant height but, as potato plants matured, treatment effects on vine length became negligible. Dry weight of mature top growth was not affected by early stolon formation. Transplants were taller, more tubers per plant were produced, tuber size was reduced, and total yield was lower in the first planting date than in the second planting date in the greenhouse study of experiment one. Lower light intensity during the nodal increase and crop growth may partially explain the significant differences in plant growth. Use of lower parent plant nodal sections for transplant production favored plant survival, early stolon formation, and high tuber yield. Central-to-lower parent plant nodal sections produced taller transplants than upper nodal sections. Nodal position did not significantly affect numbers of tubers per plant, tuber weight, or number of eyes per tuber. Short (8-hour) days in comparison to long (16-hour) days favored early stolon formation and increased stolon length on rooted nodal cuttings. Transplant height was reduced by short days. Close

• 658. [Article] The evolution of agricultural resource use strategies in the Willamette Valley

  Agriculture in the Willamette Valley, Oregon, has undergone continual change since the annual migrations of American pioneer farmers began to arrive in the early 1840's. The comparisons of data from each ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The evolution of agricultural resource use strategies in the Willamette Valley Author: Blok, Jack H. Agriculture in the Willamette Valley, Oregon, has undergone continual change since the annual migrations of American pioneer farmers began to arrive in the early 1840's. The comparisons of data from each of the agricultural censuses of Oregon counties taken since 1850 confirms that change has been continual. The data revealed that the strategies of agricultural resource use employed by the valley's farmers, and which guided their agricultural practices, have also been continually modified or upgraded. The purpose of the study was to document the evolution of agricultural resource use strategies which were implemented in the Willamette Valley during the course of its growth and development. Two general assumptions were made that provided the organizational framework for the analysis. The agricultural resource use strategies were considered to have evolved from simpler to more complex forms, and agriculture was considered as a resource use system comparable to general systems. An analogy was made between the agricultural system of the Willamette Valley and a general system characterized by rapid growth and development. The development of the agricultural system was divided into a threefold chronology of growth stages. The analysis of changes in farm characteristics, total agricultural acreage, and crop and livestock production trends supported the threefold growth stage concept. Growth curves depicting data from each agricultural census on farm characteristics, agricultural acreage, crops, and livestock show several conspicuous similarities. On the basis of the similarities delimiting dates were selected for the theorized growth stages. Strategies favoring self-sufficing farms were predominan between 1840 and 1900. Strategies of diversified agricultural production prevailed between 1900 and 1950. In the third and current growth stage, beginning in 1950, farmers increasingly adopted strategies of highly specialized single enterprise farming at larger scales of operation. Once the growth stages' delimiting dates were decided upon they permitted an easier analysis of all the agricultural census data that was examined. The treatment of agriculture in the Willamette Valley as an open resource use system tied its structure and functioning to influences of simultaneous systematic developments occurring outside of agriculture. Title: The evolution of agricultural resource use strategies in the Willamette Valley Author: Blok, Jack H. Agriculture in the Willamette Valley, Oregon, has undergone continual change since the annual migrations of American pioneer farmers began to arrive in the early 1840's. The comparisons of data from each of the agricultural censuses of Oregon counties taken since 1850 confirms that change has been continual. The data revealed that the strategies of agricultural resource use employed by the valley's farmers, and which guided their agricultural practices, have also been continually modified or upgraded. The purpose of the study was to document the evolution of agricultural resource use strategies which were implemented in the Willamette Valley during the course of its growth and development. Two general assumptions were made that provided the organizational framework for the analysis. The agricultural resource use strategies were considered to have evolved from simpler to more complex forms, and agriculture was considered as a resource use system comparable to general systems. An analogy was made between the agricultural system of the Willamette Valley and a general system characterized by rapid growth and development. The development of the agricultural system was divided into a threefold chronology of growth stages. The analysis of changes in farm characteristics, total agricultural acreage, and crop and livestock production trends supported the threefold growth stage concept. Growth curves depicting data from each agricultural census on farm characteristics, agricultural acreage, crops, and livestock show several conspicuous similarities. On the basis of the similarities delimiting dates were selected for the theorized growth stages. Strategies favoring self-sufficing farms were predominan between 1840 and 1900. Strategies of diversified agricultural production prevailed between 1900 and 1950. In the third and current growth stage, beginning in 1950, farmers increasingly adopted strategies of highly specialized single enterprise farming at larger scales of operation. Once the growth stages' delimiting dates were decided upon they permitted an easier analysis of all the agricultural census data that was examined. The treatment of agriculture in the Willamette Valley as an open resource use system tied its structure and functioning to influences of simultaneous systematic developments occurring outside of agriculture. Close

• 659. [Article] Hare barley (Hordeum murinum ssp. leporinum) biology and management in cool season perennial grass pastures of western Oregon

  Hare barley (Hordeum murinum ssp. leporinum) is a cool season annual grass that invades pastures and range areas around the world. A documented weed management issue in several Oregon counties, hare barley ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Hare barley (Hordeum murinum ssp. leporinum) biology and management in cool season perennial grass pastures of western Oregon Author: Haavisto, Jessica Lee Hare barley (Hordeum murinum ssp. leporinum) is a cool season annual grass that invades pastures and range areas around the world. A documented weed management issue in several Oregon counties, hare barley may infest several thousand acres in western Oregon. This study was conducted to investigate the biology and develop management options for hare barley in cool season, established perennial grass pastures. Field and laboratory studies were initiated in the fall of 2008 to generate this information for hare barley management. Experiments were conducted to evaluate herbicide treatments applied before and after hare barley emergence in perennial grass pastures. Multi-year applications of a labeled pasture herbicide, aminopyralid, and non pasture labeled herbicides, imazamox and imazamox + MCPA ester, were the only treatments that consistently resulted in a high level of hare barley control with acceptable crop safety. A laboratory experiment was initiated to develop a growing degree day model to understand when viable seed is produced in hare barley. We determined that viable seed set depends on cumulative growing degree days (GDD) regardless of the location from which the seeds were collected. The majority of hare barley seed becomes viable after accumulating approximately 2300 GDD. This result indicates that individual pasture owners and hay producers can monitor growing degree days in their respective farming locations and base their management strategies for controlling hare barley and for preventing the spread of hare barley to other locations prior to viable seed production. A survey conducted to understand the distribution of hare barley across Oregon indicated that hare barley distribution is limited to western Oregon while two other species in the Hordeum murinum complex, ssp. glaucum and ssp. murinum, can also be found in the state of Oregon. Title: Hare barley (Hordeum murinum ssp. leporinum) biology and management in cool season perennial grass pastures of western Oregon Author: Haavisto, Jessica Lee Hare barley (Hordeum murinum ssp. leporinum) is a cool season annual grass that invades pastures and range areas around the world. A documented weed management issue in several Oregon counties, hare barley may infest several thousand acres in western Oregon. This study was conducted to investigate the biology and develop management options for hare barley in cool season, established perennial grass pastures. Field and laboratory studies were initiated in the fall of 2008 to generate this information for hare barley management. Experiments were conducted to evaluate herbicide treatments applied before and after hare barley emergence in perennial grass pastures. Multi-year applications of a labeled pasture herbicide, aminopyralid, and non pasture labeled herbicides, imazamox and imazamox + MCPA ester, were the only treatments that consistently resulted in a high level of hare barley control with acceptable crop safety. A laboratory experiment was initiated to develop a growing degree day model to understand when viable seed is produced in hare barley. We determined that viable seed set depends on cumulative growing degree days (GDD) regardless of the location from which the seeds were collected. The majority of hare barley seed becomes viable after accumulating approximately 2300 GDD. This result indicates that individual pasture owners and hay producers can monitor growing degree days in their respective farming locations and base their management strategies for controlling hare barley and for preventing the spread of hare barley to other locations prior to viable seed production. A survey conducted to understand the distribution of hare barley across Oregon indicated that hare barley distribution is limited to western Oregon while two other species in the Hordeum murinum complex, ssp. glaucum and ssp. murinum, can also be found in the state of Oregon. Close

• 660. [Article] Field corn: eastern Oregon, east of Cascades

  Published June 1983. Reprinted January 2000. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Field corn: eastern Oregon, east of Cascades Author: Pumphrey, F. V. (Floyd Vance), Gardner, Ernest Hugh, Oregon State University. Extension Service, Hall, L. F. Published June 1983. Reprinted January 2000. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog Title: Field corn: eastern Oregon, east of Cascades Author: Pumphrey, F. V. (Floyd Vance), Gardner, Ernest Hugh, Oregon State University. Extension Service, Hall, L. F. Published June 1983. Reprinted January 2000. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog Close