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• 581. [Article] Beans, cabbage, and sugar beets in a chemically suppressed sod of Manhattan II perennial ryegrass

  Crops were planted into tilled strips in an established perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L. 'Manhattan II'), sod covering various portions (55%, 66%, 77%) of the row width. Italian beans (Phaseolus vulgaris ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Beans, cabbage, and sugar beets in a chemically suppressed sod of Manhattan II perennial ryegrass Author: Rinehold, John W. Crops were planted into tilled strips in an established perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L. 'Manhattan II'), sod covering various portions (55%, 66%, 77%) of the row width. Italian beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L. 'Romano II') biomass and yields showed a trend among sod strips with lower yields produced in plots with a greater proportion of the row width covered with sod. Sethoxydim and fluazifop did not suppress grass effectively when 1 cm tall grass was not growing vigorously. In a similar trial with green beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L. 'Oregon 43') there were no yield trends between sod strip width and crop yield. Biomass and pod yields in plots receiving sod suppression treatments were similar to the monoculture check. Sub-lethal rates of the two herbicides applied after grass had grown vigorously for one month suppressed grass effectively. Cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. 'Market Prize') head yields in sod culture plots were significantly lower than monoculture plots regardless of suppression rate and sod strip width. Mid-September chemical treatments did not suppress grass through the fall and dense sod growth over the winter interfered with sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L. 'Beta') grown as a seed crop. Title: Beans, cabbage, and sugar beets in a chemically suppressed sod of Manhattan II perennial ryegrass Author: Rinehold, John W. Crops were planted into tilled strips in an established perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L. 'Manhattan II'), sod covering various portions (55%, 66%, 77%) of the row width. Italian beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L. 'Romano II') biomass and yields showed a trend among sod strips with lower yields produced in plots with a greater proportion of the row width covered with sod. Sethoxydim and fluazifop did not suppress grass effectively when 1 cm tall grass was not growing vigorously. In a similar trial with green beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L. 'Oregon 43') there were no yield trends between sod strip width and crop yield. Biomass and pod yields in plots receiving sod suppression treatments were similar to the monoculture check. Sub-lethal rates of the two herbicides applied after grass had grown vigorously for one month suppressed grass effectively. Cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. 'Market Prize') head yields in sod culture plots were significantly lower than monoculture plots regardless of suppression rate and sod strip width. Mid-September chemical treatments did not suppress grass through the fall and dense sod growth over the winter interfered with sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L. 'Beta') grown as a seed crop. Close

• 582. [Article] Evolution of the Corvallis fault and implications for the Oregon coast range

  The Corvallis fault is a 50 km long northeast-trending structure, part of which defines the boundary between the central Willamette Valley and the east-central Coast Range of Oregon. Previously the fault ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Evolution of the Corvallis fault and implications for the Oregon coast range Author: Goldfinger, Chris The Corvallis fault is a 50 km long northeast-trending structure, part of which defines the boundary between the central Willamette Valley and the east-central Coast Range of Oregon. Previously the fault had been mapped as either a high-angle reverse or normal fault, with the east block down. New gravity data suggest that the main structure is a low-angle thrust, with early Eocene Siletz River Volcanics thrust southeastward over middle to late Eocene Tyee and Spencer sandstones. The thrust geometry is similar to that of the Laramide thrusts of the Rocky Mountain foreland. Gravity modeling produces a best-fit geometry with the thrust-plane dipping approximately 100 northwest. The surface geology is consistent with a fault-propagation fold geometry. Consistent dips averaging 20° in the hanging wall block suggest a ramp dipping at the same angle, somewhat steeper than the dip indicated by gravity modeling. Vertical separation is about 6.7 km, and if the ramp dip is the same as bedding dips in the Siletz River Volcanics, horizontal displacement is 13-15 km, assuming no other thrust faults repeat the Siletz River stratigraphy. The Corvallis thrust was active during the late Eocene, and was the eastern boundary of a tectonic highland in the Eocene forearc. The highland was a local source of material for the upper Yamhill and lower Spencer Formations, deposited in a partially restricted shallow shelf to neritic setting. Other late Eocene tectonic and volcanic highlands formed an archipelago in the position of the present Coast Range. In the middle Oligocene, the fault was intruded by gabbroic dikes during an intrusive episode that emplaced massive sheets of gabbro throughout the central Coast Range. A younger normal fault paralleling the original Corvallis thrust is interpreted to be the result of gravitational collapse of the tip of the thrust sheet, and has truncated the older structure. Numerous left offsets of the main fault trace along northwest-trending left-lateral faults are interpreted to be the result of clockwise rotations of western Oregon documented by paleomagnetics. Later reactivation of the Corvallis fault as a left-lateral strike-slip fault, indicated by horizontal slickenlines, is consistent with the present north-south compression in Oregon. The Corvallis fault may have continued minor intermittent activity into the late Quaternary. Title: Evolution of the Corvallis fault and implications for the Oregon coast range Author: Goldfinger, Chris The Corvallis fault is a 50 km long northeast-trending structure, part of which defines the boundary between the central Willamette Valley and the east-central Coast Range of Oregon. Previously the fault had been mapped as either a high-angle reverse or normal fault, with the east block down. New gravity data suggest that the main structure is a low-angle thrust, with early Eocene Siletz River Volcanics thrust southeastward over middle to late Eocene Tyee and Spencer sandstones. The thrust geometry is similar to that of the Laramide thrusts of the Rocky Mountain foreland. Gravity modeling produces a best-fit geometry with the thrust-plane dipping approximately 100 northwest. The surface geology is consistent with a fault-propagation fold geometry. Consistent dips averaging 20° in the hanging wall block suggest a ramp dipping at the same angle, somewhat steeper than the dip indicated by gravity modeling. Vertical separation is about 6.7 km, and if the ramp dip is the same as bedding dips in the Siletz River Volcanics, horizontal displacement is 13-15 km, assuming no other thrust faults repeat the Siletz River stratigraphy. The Corvallis thrust was active during the late Eocene, and was the eastern boundary of a tectonic highland in the Eocene forearc. The highland was a local source of material for the upper Yamhill and lower Spencer Formations, deposited in a partially restricted shallow shelf to neritic setting. Other late Eocene tectonic and volcanic highlands formed an archipelago in the position of the present Coast Range. In the middle Oligocene, the fault was intruded by gabbroic dikes during an intrusive episode that emplaced massive sheets of gabbro throughout the central Coast Range. A younger normal fault paralleling the original Corvallis thrust is interpreted to be the result of gravitational collapse of the tip of the thrust sheet, and has truncated the older structure. Numerous left offsets of the main fault trace along northwest-trending left-lateral faults are interpreted to be the result of clockwise rotations of western Oregon documented by paleomagnetics. Later reactivation of the Corvallis fault as a left-lateral strike-slip fault, indicated by horizontal slickenlines, is consistent with the present north-south compression in Oregon. The Corvallis fault may have continued minor intermittent activity into the late Quaternary. Close

• 583. [Article] Concentration of anserine and carnosine in surimi wash water and their antioxidant activity

  Anserine and carnosine are water-soluble dipeptides that have antioxidant properties and are found in the skeletal muscle of mammals and fishes. These dipeptides are removed through the washing process ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Concentration of anserine and carnosine in surimi wash water and their antioxidant activity Author: Kaur, Jasvinder Anserine and carnosine are water-soluble dipeptides that have antioxidant properties and are found in the skeletal muscle of mammals and fishes. These dipeptides are removed through the washing process in surimi production. The objective of this research was to determine the concentration of anserine and carnosine in surimi wash water (SWW) at all stages of surimi processing, and undertake preliminary methods to remove and concentrate the two dipeptides and study the effect of surimi wash water extract on color. Wash water samples were collected from a local surimi plant. The samples were treated by the following methods: centrifugaion, heat-treatment at 60, 80 and 100°C and filtration using different ultrafiltration (UF) membranes. The concentrations of the protein and the two dipeptides were analyzed using Lowry and high performance liquid chromatography with a fluorescent detector, respectively. Iron content was determined in SWW samples using atomic absorption spectrometry and colorimetry. Effect of SWW extract and other antioxidants on the color of fresh-farmed salmon were studied using color parameters-hue angle, chroma and lightness. Results showed that there was a trend: content of protein and dipeptides (anserine and carnosine) in SWW (raw) was higher in the first two stages of surimi processing. In the second set of experiment, where different heat treatments were used, it was found that the proteins and dipeptides showed similar trends. Additionally, 80°C followed by 100°C treatment were effective in removal of proteins and recovery of dipeptides. Among UF treatments, 1K molecular weight cut-off membrane was the most effective in recovery of dipeptides. Iron was less than 1 ppm in all SWW samples. Color measurement of fresh farmed salmon patties revealed that treatments of SWW extract (1%) in addition to other food antioxidants such as butylated hydroxy toluene and camosine (1%), mamtained salmon color until day 5. Therefore, SWW extract at lower concentrations may have an economical and potential use as a food antioxidant. Title: Concentration of anserine and carnosine in surimi wash water and their antioxidant activity Author: Kaur, Jasvinder Anserine and carnosine are water-soluble dipeptides that have antioxidant properties and are found in the skeletal muscle of mammals and fishes. These dipeptides are removed through the washing process in surimi production. The objective of this research was to determine the concentration of anserine and carnosine in surimi wash water (SWW) at all stages of surimi processing, and undertake preliminary methods to remove and concentrate the two dipeptides and study the effect of surimi wash water extract on color. Wash water samples were collected from a local surimi plant. The samples were treated by the following methods: centrifugaion, heat-treatment at 60, 80 and 100°C and filtration using different ultrafiltration (UF) membranes. The concentrations of the protein and the two dipeptides were analyzed using Lowry and high performance liquid chromatography with a fluorescent detector, respectively. Iron content was determined in SWW samples using atomic absorption spectrometry and colorimetry. Effect of SWW extract and other antioxidants on the color of fresh-farmed salmon were studied using color parameters-hue angle, chroma and lightness. Results showed that there was a trend: content of protein and dipeptides (anserine and carnosine) in SWW (raw) was higher in the first two stages of surimi processing. In the second set of experiment, where different heat treatments were used, it was found that the proteins and dipeptides showed similar trends. Additionally, 80°C followed by 100°C treatment were effective in removal of proteins and recovery of dipeptides. Among UF treatments, 1K molecular weight cut-off membrane was the most effective in recovery of dipeptides. Iron was less than 1 ppm in all SWW samples. Color measurement of fresh farmed salmon patties revealed that treatments of SWW extract (1%) in addition to other food antioxidants such as butylated hydroxy toluene and camosine (1%), mamtained salmon color until day 5. Therefore, SWW extract at lower concentrations may have an economical and potential use as a food antioxidant. Close

• 584. [Article] The Capacity Ratio as a Measure of Solvency in Experiential Education

  This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy (AACP) and can be found at: http://www.ajpe.org/.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The Capacity Ratio as a Measure of Solvency in Experiential Education Author: Weber, Stanley, Ramirez, Juancho, Krueger, Janelle, Danielson, Jennifer, Hudgins, Gayle A., Christensen, Lindsay, Harshberger, Cara A., Rice, Luke This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy (AACP) and can be found at: http://www.ajpe.org/. Title: The Capacity Ratio as a Measure of Solvency in Experiential Education Author: Weber, Stanley, Ramirez, Juancho, Krueger, Janelle, Danielson, Jennifer, Hudgins, Gayle A., Christensen, Lindsay, Harshberger, Cara A., Rice, Luke This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy (AACP) and can be found at: http://www.ajpe.org/. Close

• 585. [Article] Wall Street Or Pacific Stocks? An Analysis of the Historical Drivers of Sportfishing Demand

  Abstract only.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Wall Street Or Pacific Stocks? An Analysis of the Historical Drivers of Sportfishing Demand Author: Janofsky, Eric, Hilger, James Abstract only. Title: Wall Street Or Pacific Stocks? An Analysis of the Historical Drivers of Sportfishing Demand Author: Janofsky, Eric, Hilger, James Abstract only. Close

• 586. [Article] Pangasius successful story - a new Cinderella

  Power Point presentation.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Pangasius successful story - a new Cinderella Author: Nguyen, Dzung Huu Power Point presentation. Title: Pangasius successful story - a new Cinderella Author: Nguyen, Dzung Huu Power Point presentation. Close

• 587. [Article] Comparison of Area-averaged and Local Boiling Curves in Pool and Jet Impingement Boiling

  This is the author's peer-reviewed final manuscript, as accepted by the publisher. The published article is copyrighted by Elsevier and can be found at: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/international-j...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Comparison of Area-averaged and Local Boiling Curves in Pool and Jet Impingement Boiling Author: Cardenas, Ruander, Mani, Preeti, Narayanan, Vinod This is the author's peer-reviewed final manuscript, as accepted by the publisher. The published article is copyrighted by Elsevier and can be found at: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/international-journal-of-multiphase-flow/. Title: Comparison of Area-averaged and Local Boiling Curves in Pool and Jet Impingement Boiling Author: Cardenas, Ruander, Mani, Preeti, Narayanan, Vinod This is the author's peer-reviewed final manuscript, as accepted by the publisher. The published article is copyrighted by Elsevier and can be found at: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/international-journal-of-multiphase-flow/. Close

• 588. [Article] The Analysis on the Tee of China Export Aquatic Products and The Export Trend to Japan

  Japan has been the biggest export market of aquatic products of China for many years. The export of aquatic products to Japan reached more than 700,000 ton and $ 3 billion in 2007. The influence to the export ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The Analysis on the Tee of China Export Aquatic Products and The Export Trend to Japan Author: Che, Bin, Sun, Chen Japan has been the biggest export market of aquatic products of China for many years. The export of aquatic products to Japan reached more than 700,000 ton and $ 3 billion in 2007. The influence to the export market caused by the sweeping economic crisis will affect the benefits of the export enterprises of China. The trade complementary index shows great potential of aquatic products trade between China and Japan. However, under the circumstances of economic crisis, to set up limits of import would be the prior choice of the trade policy by Japan. The paper analyses the trade economic efficiency (TEE ) of the export aquatic products to Japan in detail. TEE is an index to reflect the export situation of one country from the economic point of view by the trend of trade price change. If TEE>1, then the trade (either export or import) of the interested country is more efficient than the average level of the world market. If TEE<1, the situation is the opposition. We choose the species which export quantity exceeds 1000 ton to analyze and find out that the TEE of only 10 species is more than 1, which refers to more efficient. The number doesn_t reach 1/3 of the sample. The TEE of some species is even not as much as 0.6. Moreover, the paper points out that the limits set up to the aquatic products of China under the economic crises by Japan will be different from those of before. According to the dual characteristics of technical trade measure, the limits set up can be based on market failure as well as on economic benefit. The purpose of former is to protect the consumers. In the latter condition, the benefit of producers is considered. The limits set up this time would be based on the economic benefits in order to protect the benefit of domestic producers. Therefore, the export of aquatic products of China may encounter dual difficulties. Not only will the TEE of export be worse, but also will the export scale be declined. Accordingly, the government should take more effective measures to improve the export environment in order to help the enterprises to get through the trouble. Title: The Analysis on the Tee of China Export Aquatic Products and The Export Trend to Japan Author: Che, Bin, Sun, Chen Japan has been the biggest export market of aquatic products of China for many years. The export of aquatic products to Japan reached more than 700,000 ton and $ 3 billion in 2007. The influence to the export market caused by the sweeping economic crisis will affect the benefits of the export enterprises of China. The trade complementary index shows great potential of aquatic products trade between China and Japan. However, under the circumstances of economic crisis, to set up limits of import would be the prior choice of the trade policy by Japan. The paper analyses the trade economic efficiency (TEE ) of the export aquatic products to Japan in detail. TEE is an index to reflect the export situation of one country from the economic point of view by the trend of trade price change. If TEE>1, then the trade (either export or import) of the interested country is more efficient than the average level of the world market. If TEE<1, the situation is the opposition. We choose the species which export quantity exceeds 1000 ton to analyze and find out that the TEE of only 10 species is more than 1, which refers to more efficient. The number doesn_t reach 1/3 of the sample. The TEE of some species is even not as much as 0.6. Moreover, the paper points out that the limits set up to the aquatic products of China under the economic crises by Japan will be different from those of before. According to the dual characteristics of technical trade measure, the limits set up can be based on market failure as well as on economic benefit. The purpose of former is to protect the consumers. In the latter condition, the benefit of producers is considered. The limits set up this time would be based on the economic benefits in order to protect the benefit of domestic producers. Therefore, the export of aquatic products of China may encounter dual difficulties. Not only will the TEE of export be worse, but also will the export scale be declined. Accordingly, the government should take more effective measures to improve the export environment in order to help the enterprises to get through the trouble. Close

• 589. [Article] Seafood Market-Series As Fishing Pressure indicators for An Eaf: A Historical Multispecies Analysis of the São Paulo Wholesale Market, Se Brazil

  Abstract only.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Seafood Market-Series As Fishing Pressure indicators for An Eaf: A Historical Multispecies Analysis of the São Paulo Wholesale Market, Se Brazil Author: Pincinato, Ruth, Gasalla, Maria Abstract only. Title: Seafood Market-Series As Fishing Pressure indicators for An Eaf: A Historical Multispecies Analysis of the São Paulo Wholesale Market, Se Brazil Author: Pincinato, Ruth, Gasalla, Maria Abstract only. Close

• 590. [Article] Climate, Uncertainty and the Pacific Salmon Treaty: Insights on the Harvest Management Game

  Pacific Salmon are anadromous fish that cross state and international boundaries in their oceanic migrations. Fish spawned in the rivers of one jurisdiction are vulnerable to harvest in other jurisdictions. ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Climate, Uncertainty and the Pacific Salmon Treaty: Insights on the Harvest Management Game Author: Munro, Gordon, Tyedmers, Peter, McKelvey, Robert, Miller, Kathleen Year: 2001 Pacific Salmon are anadromous fish that cross state and international boundaries in their oceanic migrations. Fish spawned in the rivers of one jurisdiction are vulnerable to harvest in other jurisdictions. The rocky history of attempts by the United States and Canada to cooperatively manage their respective salmon harvests suggests that environmental variability may complicate the management of such shared resources. In recent years, an extended breakdown in cooperation was fueled by strongly divergent trends in Alaskan and southern salmon abundance, and a consequent change in the balance of each nation s interceptions of salmon spawned in the other nation s rivers. While several natural and anthropogenic factors contributed to these trends, there is considerable evidence that changing ocean conditions played a significant role. The period of high productivity in Alaska contributed to increased Alaskan interceptions of B.C. salmon at a time when Pacific Northwest coho and chinook could least withstand retaliatory actions on the part of the Canadian fleet. Only recently, has the mounting crisis led to a fundamental shift in the approach taken by the two nations to determine their respective salmon-harvest shares. On June 30, 1999, Canada and the U.S. signed an agreement which, if successfully implemented, may lay the groundwork for a more sustainable cooperative management regime. However, there are many unanswered questions regarding the viability and sustainability of the new Pacific Salmon Treaty Agreement. This paper draws lessons from the recent period of turmoil to identify strengths and weaknesses in the new abundance-based management approach, and to suggest avenues for further negotiations to secure more rational management of Pacific salmon resources. Title: Climate, Uncertainty and the Pacific Salmon Treaty: Insights on the Harvest Management Game Author: Munro, Gordon, Tyedmers, Peter, McKelvey, Robert, Miller, Kathleen Year: 2001 Pacific Salmon are anadromous fish that cross state and international boundaries in their oceanic migrations. Fish spawned in the rivers of one jurisdiction are vulnerable to harvest in other jurisdictions. The rocky history of attempts by the United States and Canada to cooperatively manage their respective salmon harvests suggests that environmental variability may complicate the management of such shared resources. In recent years, an extended breakdown in cooperation was fueled by strongly divergent trends in Alaskan and southern salmon abundance, and a consequent change in the balance of each nation s interceptions of salmon spawned in the other nation s rivers. While several natural and anthropogenic factors contributed to these trends, there is considerable evidence that changing ocean conditions played a significant role. The period of high productivity in Alaska contributed to increased Alaskan interceptions of B.C. salmon at a time when Pacific Northwest coho and chinook could least withstand retaliatory actions on the part of the Canadian fleet. Only recently, has the mounting crisis led to a fundamental shift in the approach taken by the two nations to determine their respective salmon-harvest shares. On June 30, 1999, Canada and the U.S. signed an agreement which, if successfully implemented, may lay the groundwork for a more sustainable cooperative management regime. However, there are many unanswered questions regarding the viability and sustainability of the new Pacific Salmon Treaty Agreement. This paper draws lessons from the recent period of turmoil to identify strengths and weaknesses in the new abundance-based management approach, and to suggest avenues for further negotiations to secure more rational management of Pacific salmon resources. Close