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• 571. [Article] Structure and tectonics of the southern Willamette Valley, Oregon

  Surface geology, seismic data, petroleum exploratory well data, and water well data have been used to analyze the structural and tectonic history of the southern Willamette Valley. Tertiary strata beneath ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Structure and tectonics of the southern Willamette Valley, Oregon Author: Graven, Erik P. Surface geology, seismic data, petroleum exploratory well data, and water well data have been used to analyze the structural and tectonic history of the southern Willamette Valley. Tertiary strata beneath the southern Willamette Valley appear to have had an early Cascade or Clarno volcanic source to the east by the middle Eocene. The Tertiary strata have been deformed into a series of broad north-northeast trending folds and northeast and northwest trending faults which initially developed under east-northeast compression during the middle Eocene and have since been rotated clockwise to their present positions. The cross-cutting pattern of subsurface faults has been complicated by reactivation during the clockwise rotation of Si to its present orientation of north-south. Uplift of the Coast Range prior to emplacement of the Miocene Columbia River Basalt Group (CRBG) produced the gentle east dip of strata beneath the western edge of the Valley and beneath the CRBG in the Salem and Eola Hills. The southern Willamette Valley is controlled by erosion of the relatively incompetent Eugene Formation following emplacement of the CRBG. Neogene sediments deposited after this degradational event suggest that during the late Miocene to Pliocene, the proto-Willamette River flowed east of the Salem Hills before uplift along the Waldo Hills forced its course to the west. This aggradation appears to have been caused by increased uplift of the Coast Range and/or subsidence of the Willamette Valley over the slab bend in the subducting Juan de Fuca plate. Degradational and aggradational periods during the Pleistocene appear to have been caused by readjustment of the Willamette River system to new base levels and changes in sediment supply to the valley. Neotectonic features in the valley include: 1) the Owl Creek fault which is at least Pleistocene in age and possibly younger, 2) the Harrisburg anticline, 3) the Turner fault, and 4) deformation in the North Santiam River basin including the Mill Creek fault. With the exception of the Owl Creek fault, the minimum age of these structures is poorly constrained but is at least post-Miocene and possibly younger. Title: Structure and tectonics of the southern Willamette Valley, Oregon Author: Graven, Erik P. Surface geology, seismic data, petroleum exploratory well data, and water well data have been used to analyze the structural and tectonic history of the southern Willamette Valley. Tertiary strata beneath the southern Willamette Valley appear to have had an early Cascade or Clarno volcanic source to the east by the middle Eocene. The Tertiary strata have been deformed into a series of broad north-northeast trending folds and northeast and northwest trending faults which initially developed under east-northeast compression during the middle Eocene and have since been rotated clockwise to their present positions. The cross-cutting pattern of subsurface faults has been complicated by reactivation during the clockwise rotation of Si to its present orientation of north-south. Uplift of the Coast Range prior to emplacement of the Miocene Columbia River Basalt Group (CRBG) produced the gentle east dip of strata beneath the western edge of the Valley and beneath the CRBG in the Salem and Eola Hills. The southern Willamette Valley is controlled by erosion of the relatively incompetent Eugene Formation following emplacement of the CRBG. Neogene sediments deposited after this degradational event suggest that during the late Miocene to Pliocene, the proto-Willamette River flowed east of the Salem Hills before uplift along the Waldo Hills forced its course to the west. This aggradation appears to have been caused by increased uplift of the Coast Range and/or subsidence of the Willamette Valley over the slab bend in the subducting Juan de Fuca plate. Degradational and aggradational periods during the Pleistocene appear to have been caused by readjustment of the Willamette River system to new base levels and changes in sediment supply to the valley. Neotectonic features in the valley include: 1) the Owl Creek fault which is at least Pleistocene in age and possibly younger, 2) the Harrisburg anticline, 3) the Turner fault, and 4) deformation in the North Santiam River basin including the Mill Creek fault. With the exception of the Owl Creek fault, the minimum age of these structures is poorly constrained but is at least post-Miocene and possibly younger. Close

• 572. [Article] Impact of landslide erosion on tree growth and vegetation in the western Oregon Cascades

  Shallow, rapid soil mass movements are common events and primary sources of sediment in steep terrain of the Pacific Northwest. Poorly vegetated debris deposits and scars resulting from landslides remove ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Impact of landslide erosion on tree growth and vegetation in the western Oregon Cascades Author: Miles, Donald William Riggs Shallow, rapid soil mass movements are common events and primary sources of sediment in steep terrain of the Pacific Northwest. Poorly vegetated debris deposits and scars resulting from landslides remove land from the productive timber base, and are subject to continuing erosion. To examine the impact of these events on the timber growth potential of forest land, height growth of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) and stocking level of all commercial conifer species on landslides in the western Oregon Cascades were compared with height growth and stocking level on adjacent clearcut units of similar aspect, elevation, ages, and slope position. Cumulative height growth of Douglas-fir trees 18 years old on the landslides was reduced 387. compared to trees on clearcuts, and the stocking level was reduced to 75% of the clearcut level. One-third of the landslide area was estimated to be non-stockable because of unstable or impenetrable substrate. Calculations combining height growth and stocking level estimate a reduction of 40% in wood volume grown on landslides compared to clearcuts, when trees are 18 years old. The persistence of unvegetated landslide scars and deposits was examined by sampling established vegetation on a chronosequence of landslides 6-28 years old in the western Oregon Cascades. Average vegetation cover for all landslides was 51%, ranging from 7-88%. No discernible trend in vegetation cover or species composition over time was detected. Variations in landslide distribution and topography resulted in a wide range of plant microhabitats, with 140 species identified. The combinations of wet-site, bare mineral soil, and droughty bedrock habitats disguised overall landslide vegetation recovery trends. Title: Impact of landslide erosion on tree growth and vegetation in the western Oregon Cascades Author: Miles, Donald William Riggs Shallow, rapid soil mass movements are common events and primary sources of sediment in steep terrain of the Pacific Northwest. Poorly vegetated debris deposits and scars resulting from landslides remove land from the productive timber base, and are subject to continuing erosion. To examine the impact of these events on the timber growth potential of forest land, height growth of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) and stocking level of all commercial conifer species on landslides in the western Oregon Cascades were compared with height growth and stocking level on adjacent clearcut units of similar aspect, elevation, ages, and slope position. Cumulative height growth of Douglas-fir trees 18 years old on the landslides was reduced 387. compared to trees on clearcuts, and the stocking level was reduced to 75% of the clearcut level. One-third of the landslide area was estimated to be non-stockable because of unstable or impenetrable substrate. Calculations combining height growth and stocking level estimate a reduction of 40% in wood volume grown on landslides compared to clearcuts, when trees are 18 years old. The persistence of unvegetated landslide scars and deposits was examined by sampling established vegetation on a chronosequence of landslides 6-28 years old in the western Oregon Cascades. Average vegetation cover for all landslides was 51%, ranging from 7-88%. No discernible trend in vegetation cover or species composition over time was detected. Variations in landslide distribution and topography resulted in a wide range of plant microhabitats, with 140 species identified. The combinations of wet-site, bare mineral soil, and droughty bedrock habitats disguised overall landslide vegetation recovery trends. Close

• 573. [Article] Comparison of soil and vegetation map delineation shapes and areal correspondence

  Map delineations of soil and vegetation for a 14,000 acre (5,800 hectare) site in the Oregon Coast Range were compared. Research objectives were to ascertain the types of information that could be extracted ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Comparison of soil and vegetation map delineation shapes and areal correspondence Author: Bilton, Janet Map delineations of soil and vegetation for a 14,000 acre (5,800 hectare) site in the Oregon Coast Range were compared. Research objectives were to ascertain the types of information that could be extracted from delineation comparisons and to develop a methodology suited to this purpose. The latter objective was achieved in a preliminary study involving a small number of soil-vegetation complexes. Data on shape similarity and areal correspondence were collected using a digital planimeter. The methodology developed was then applied to three data sets: all delineations of two soil mapping units which differed only in dissection, and delineations from a random sample of other mapping units. Nonparametric statistical procedures were employed to analyze the data in terms of soil mapping units and in terms of physiographic position. Little association was found between soil and vegetation delineations overall. However, vegetation and soil delineation shapes, as measured using an elongation ratio, appear to be more similar in the uplands than in the lowlands. Greater upland contrasts in factors significant to both soils and vegetation may contribute to this trend. Areal correspondence was evaluated with the intersection/union ratio for vegetation and soil polygons. Ranks of vegetation communities according to their areal correspondence with the soil body were generally inconsistent. The dissected soil showed the greatest amount of consistency in areal correspondence between upland and lowland complexes. This raises the possibility that dissection may be a more important determinant of community distributions than is physiographic position. Finally, shape similarity and areal correspondence trends were associated in the uplands but not in the lowlands. The more consistent shape comparisons in the uplands may contribute to this dichotomy of results. Title: Comparison of soil and vegetation map delineation shapes and areal correspondence Author: Bilton, Janet Map delineations of soil and vegetation for a 14,000 acre (5,800 hectare) site in the Oregon Coast Range were compared. Research objectives were to ascertain the types of information that could be extracted from delineation comparisons and to develop a methodology suited to this purpose. The latter objective was achieved in a preliminary study involving a small number of soil-vegetation complexes. Data on shape similarity and areal correspondence were collected using a digital planimeter. The methodology developed was then applied to three data sets: all delineations of two soil mapping units which differed only in dissection, and delineations from a random sample of other mapping units. Nonparametric statistical procedures were employed to analyze the data in terms of soil mapping units and in terms of physiographic position. Little association was found between soil and vegetation delineations overall. However, vegetation and soil delineation shapes, as measured using an elongation ratio, appear to be more similar in the uplands than in the lowlands. Greater upland contrasts in factors significant to both soils and vegetation may contribute to this trend. Areal correspondence was evaluated with the intersection/union ratio for vegetation and soil polygons. Ranks of vegetation communities according to their areal correspondence with the soil body were generally inconsistent. The dissected soil showed the greatest amount of consistency in areal correspondence between upland and lowland complexes. This raises the possibility that dissection may be a more important determinant of community distributions than is physiographic position. Finally, shape similarity and areal correspondence trends were associated in the uplands but not in the lowlands. The more consistent shape comparisons in the uplands may contribute to this dichotomy of results. Close

• 574. [Article] Sensitivity of TRIM projections to management and stocking adjustment assumptions

  The Timber Resource Inventory Model (TRIM) is a computer model used by the U.S.D.A. Forest Service in assessing the state of the Nation's forest resources and the forests' probable future conditions. TRIM ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Sensitivity of TRIM projections to management and stocking adjustment assumptions Author: Alexander, Susan J. The Timber Resource Inventory Model (TRIM) is a computer model used by the U.S.D.A. Forest Service in assessing the state of the Nation's forest resources and the forests' probable future conditions. TRIM is a yield table projection system designed and developed to model forest inventory changes over time in response to different levels of management and to removals from either large or small forested areas. The purpose of this study was to determine the sensitivity of regional timber availability projections to yield table assumptions and various silvicultural impacts. Yields were projected under various management assumptions. In addition, the yield projections themselves were tested by projecting yields with and without approach to normality. A literature survey was conducted to assess work previously done with changes in management assumptions, model sensitivity, and approach to normality (i.e., stocking adjustment). In the short run, the projections were constrained by current inventory, growth functions, and harvest levels. In the long run, projections were constrained by growth functions and harvest levels. Inventory projections for all species and combined ownership varied both in trend and in degree between runs in both the long and the short run. Growth trends for all species and combined ownership showed normal yields with stocking adjustment and managed yields without stocking adjustment paralleling each other in both the long and the short run. Growth for managed yields with stocking adjustment exceed the two previous management intensities in both the long and the short run. Empirical yields without stocking adjustment are far below normal yields with stocking adjustment and managed yields without stocking adjustment in the short run, but the three projections converge in the long run. It was shown that the difference between runs with and without stocking adjustment is appreciable in both the short and the long run. Limitations of TRIM include the fact that it is difficult to use for the uninitiated, harvest levels are set, and the stocking adjustment function is relatively inflexible. Title: Sensitivity of TRIM projections to management and stocking adjustment assumptions Author: Alexander, Susan J. The Timber Resource Inventory Model (TRIM) is a computer model used by the U.S.D.A. Forest Service in assessing the state of the Nation's forest resources and the forests' probable future conditions. TRIM is a yield table projection system designed and developed to model forest inventory changes over time in response to different levels of management and to removals from either large or small forested areas. The purpose of this study was to determine the sensitivity of regional timber availability projections to yield table assumptions and various silvicultural impacts. Yields were projected under various management assumptions. In addition, the yield projections themselves were tested by projecting yields with and without approach to normality. A literature survey was conducted to assess work previously done with changes in management assumptions, model sensitivity, and approach to normality (i.e., stocking adjustment). In the short run, the projections were constrained by current inventory, growth functions, and harvest levels. In the long run, projections were constrained by growth functions and harvest levels. Inventory projections for all species and combined ownership varied both in trend and in degree between runs in both the long and the short run. Growth trends for all species and combined ownership showed normal yields with stocking adjustment and managed yields without stocking adjustment paralleling each other in both the long and the short run. Growth for managed yields with stocking adjustment exceed the two previous management intensities in both the long and the short run. Empirical yields without stocking adjustment are far below normal yields with stocking adjustment and managed yields without stocking adjustment in the short run, but the three projections converge in the long run. It was shown that the difference between runs with and without stocking adjustment is appreciable in both the short and the long run. Limitations of TRIM include the fact that it is difficult to use for the uninitiated, harvest levels are set, and the stocking adjustment function is relatively inflexible. Close

• 575. [Article] An experimental investigation of natural convection heat transfer from an array of uniformly heated vertical cylinders to mercury

  An experimental investigation was conducted for natural convection heat transfer in an array of uniformly heated vertical cylinders in mercury. The test section consisted of seven electrically heated cylinders ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: An experimental investigation of natural convection heat transfer from an array of uniformly heated vertical cylinders to mercury Author: Dutton, Jonathan Craig, 1951- An experimental investigation was conducted for natural convection heat transfer in an array of uniformly heated vertical cylinders in mercury. The test section consisted of seven electrically heated cylinders of 1.365 inch diameter and 3.825 inch heated length arranged in an equilateral triangular pattern. In order to preclude side flow effects, each seven pin bundle was surrounded by an enclosure tube with unheated half cylinders attached to the tube. Temperatures were measured with a stretched wire thermocouple probe which was designed to minimize flow disturbance effects. Four geometries were studied: the single vertical cylinder (P/D = ∞), and three bundle spacings, P/D = 1.5, 1.3, and 1.1, where P/D is the pitch-to-diameter ratio. The heat transfer results are presented in terms of the local Nusselt number and local modified Grashof number with the range on the Grashof number being 10⁵ < Gr[superscript *][subscript x] < 10¹⁰. The stretched wire probe results for the single cylinder are in agreement with those taken with an L-shaped probe and with previous experimental work. The bundle results were found to depend parametrically on both the heat flux and cylinder spacing. For the range investigated, the spacing effect was found to be much more significant than that of heat flux. The heat transfer results were found to depend significantly on circumferential position for P/D = 1.1, however circumferential dependence for the wider bundles was negligible. Rod-average correlations for the four geometries are also presented. The characteristics of the fluid temperature field were also studied. The trends observed in the mean temperature profiles for the various conditions are in agreement with those expected for this confined flow situation. In addition, fluctuations in the fluid temperatures were encountered and recorded. The trends shown by these disturbances are similar to those found for the previously studied vertical channel. The fluctuations were of largest amplitude for P/D = 1. 5, while those for P/D = 1.3 were slightly less severe, and those for the single cylinder and P/D = 1. 1 were negligible. The flow regimes thought to be encountered were the unstable laminar regime for P/D = 1.5 and 1.3, and the stable laminar one for the single cylinder and P/D = 1.1. Title: An experimental investigation of natural convection heat transfer from an array of uniformly heated vertical cylinders to mercury Author: Dutton, Jonathan Craig, 1951- An experimental investigation was conducted for natural convection heat transfer in an array of uniformly heated vertical cylinders in mercury. The test section consisted of seven electrically heated cylinders of 1.365 inch diameter and 3.825 inch heated length arranged in an equilateral triangular pattern. In order to preclude side flow effects, each seven pin bundle was surrounded by an enclosure tube with unheated half cylinders attached to the tube. Temperatures were measured with a stretched wire thermocouple probe which was designed to minimize flow disturbance effects. Four geometries were studied: the single vertical cylinder (P/D = ∞), and three bundle spacings, P/D = 1.5, 1.3, and 1.1, where P/D is the pitch-to-diameter ratio. The heat transfer results are presented in terms of the local Nusselt number and local modified Grashof number with the range on the Grashof number being 10⁵ < Gr[superscript *][subscript x] < 10¹⁰. The stretched wire probe results for the single cylinder are in agreement with those taken with an L-shaped probe and with previous experimental work. The bundle results were found to depend parametrically on both the heat flux and cylinder spacing. For the range investigated, the spacing effect was found to be much more significant than that of heat flux. The heat transfer results were found to depend significantly on circumferential position for P/D = 1.1, however circumferential dependence for the wider bundles was negligible. Rod-average correlations for the four geometries are also presented. The characteristics of the fluid temperature field were also studied. The trends observed in the mean temperature profiles for the various conditions are in agreement with those expected for this confined flow situation. In addition, fluctuations in the fluid temperatures were encountered and recorded. The trends shown by these disturbances are similar to those found for the previously studied vertical channel. The fluctuations were of largest amplitude for P/D = 1. 5, while those for P/D = 1.3 were slightly less severe, and those for the single cylinder and P/D = 1. 1 were negligible. The flow regimes thought to be encountered were the unstable laminar regime for P/D = 1.5 and 1.3, and the stable laminar one for the single cylinder and P/D = 1.1. Close

• 576. [Article] Exchange interaction studies in magnetic semiconductors by neutron scattering

  Theories predict that making a dilute magnetic semiconductor strongly p -type would allow it to remain ferromagnetic at room temperature. This is of intrest as a ferromagnetic semiconductor would allow ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Exchange interaction studies in magnetic semiconductors by neutron scattering Author: Wiren, Zachary Quincy Theories predict that making a dilute magnetic semiconductor strongly p -type would allow it to remain ferromagnetic at room temperature. This is of intrest as a ferromagnetic semiconductor would allow for a great many applications in the field of spintronics. Neutron scattering experiments were undertaken to better understand the antiferromagnetic interactions in type AII1 −x Mnx B VI semiconductors. These antiferromagnetic interactions, which compete with the ferromagnetic interactions, result in materials which are ferromagnetic, but only at very low temperatures. Inelastic neutron scattering was undertaken to determine the exchange constant in various materials while neutron diffraction was used to determine the distances involved in the exchange interaction. There appears to be an overall distance dependence in the materials, but high pressure studies undertaken show the functionality differers between the overall trend and the individual materials. The data taken is also analyzed to determine more distant interactions and secondary exchange interactions. Results indicate that the exchange interaction strength differs for that of the overall trend and the individual materials. Farther analysis of the data obtained yielded useful information for farther analysis; however, the results were limited by the experimental constraints of the primary investigation. Title: Exchange interaction studies in magnetic semiconductors by neutron scattering Author: Wiren, Zachary Quincy Theories predict that making a dilute magnetic semiconductor strongly p -type would allow it to remain ferromagnetic at room temperature. This is of intrest as a ferromagnetic semiconductor would allow for a great many applications in the field of spintronics. Neutron scattering experiments were undertaken to better understand the antiferromagnetic interactions in type AII1 −x Mnx B VI semiconductors. These antiferromagnetic interactions, which compete with the ferromagnetic interactions, result in materials which are ferromagnetic, but only at very low temperatures. Inelastic neutron scattering was undertaken to determine the exchange constant in various materials while neutron diffraction was used to determine the distances involved in the exchange interaction. There appears to be an overall distance dependence in the materials, but high pressure studies undertaken show the functionality differers between the overall trend and the individual materials. The data taken is also analyzed to determine more distant interactions and secondary exchange interactions. Results indicate that the exchange interaction strength differs for that of the overall trend and the individual materials. Farther analysis of the data obtained yielded useful information for farther analysis; however, the results were limited by the experimental constraints of the primary investigation. Close

• 577. [Article] Curie-point isotherm mapping and interpretation from aeromagnetic measurements in the northern Oregon Cascades

  During the summer and fall of 1982, personnel from the Geophysics Group in the School of Oceanography at Oregon State University conducted an aeromagnetic survey in the northern Oregon Cascades to assess ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Curie-point isotherm mapping and interpretation from aeromagnetic measurements in the northern Oregon Cascades Author: Foote, Robert W. During the summer and fall of 1982, personnel from the Geophysics Group in the School of Oceanography at Oregon State University conducted an aeromagnetic survey in the northern Oregon Cascades to assess geothermal potential and study the thermal evolution of the Cascade volcanic arc. Total field and low-pass filtered magnetic anomaly maps obtained from the survey data show high amplitude positive and negative anomalies associated with volcanic cones and shallow source bodies along the axis of the High Cascades. Spectral analysis of the aeromagnetic data yielded source depths and depths-to-the-bottom of the magnetic sources. The magnetic source bottom, in the northern Oregon Cascades, is interpreted as the depth to the Curie-point isotherm. The northern Oregon study area shows shallow Curie-point isotherm depths of 5 to 9 km below sea level (BSL) beneath the axis of the High Cascades from the southern boundary (44°N latitude) to near Mt. Wilson (45°N latitude). A smaller region of shallow Curie-point depths of 6 to 9 km BSL lies west of Mt. Wilson (45°N latitude, 122°W longitude). The shallow Curie-point isotherm suggests the emplacement of relatively recent intrusive bodies in the upper crust beneath the axis of the High Cascades and west of Mt. Wilson. A major northeast trending structure observed in magnetic and residual gravity anomalies near Mt. Wilson, is the northernmost. extent of shallow Curie-point depths and high geothermal gradients mapped in the northern Oregon Cascades. This northeast trending structure appears to mark a division between high intrusive activity in localized areas south of Mt. Wilson and intrusive activity confined beneath the major cones north of Mt. Wilson. Title: Curie-point isotherm mapping and interpretation from aeromagnetic measurements in the northern Oregon Cascades Author: Foote, Robert W. During the summer and fall of 1982, personnel from the Geophysics Group in the School of Oceanography at Oregon State University conducted an aeromagnetic survey in the northern Oregon Cascades to assess geothermal potential and study the thermal evolution of the Cascade volcanic arc. Total field and low-pass filtered magnetic anomaly maps obtained from the survey data show high amplitude positive and negative anomalies associated with volcanic cones and shallow source bodies along the axis of the High Cascades. Spectral analysis of the aeromagnetic data yielded source depths and depths-to-the-bottom of the magnetic sources. The magnetic source bottom, in the northern Oregon Cascades, is interpreted as the depth to the Curie-point isotherm. The northern Oregon study area shows shallow Curie-point isotherm depths of 5 to 9 km below sea level (BSL) beneath the axis of the High Cascades from the southern boundary (44°N latitude) to near Mt. Wilson (45°N latitude). A smaller region of shallow Curie-point depths of 6 to 9 km BSL lies west of Mt. Wilson (45°N latitude, 122°W longitude). The shallow Curie-point isotherm suggests the emplacement of relatively recent intrusive bodies in the upper crust beneath the axis of the High Cascades and west of Mt. Wilson. A major northeast trending structure observed in magnetic and residual gravity anomalies near Mt. Wilson, is the northernmost. extent of shallow Curie-point depths and high geothermal gradients mapped in the northern Oregon Cascades. This northeast trending structure appears to mark a division between high intrusive activity in localized areas south of Mt. Wilson and intrusive activity confined beneath the major cones north of Mt. Wilson. Close

• 578. [Article] SPICE modeling of ACTFEL devices and OLEDs

  The achievements of this thesis are the development of several models for the SPICE (Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis) simulation of alternating-current thin-film electroluminescent ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: SPICE modeling of ACTFEL devices and OLEDs Author: Bender, Jeffrey P. The achievements of this thesis are the development of several models for the SPICE (Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis) simulation of alternating-current thin-film electroluminescent (ACTFEL) devices, organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs), and polymer light-emitting devices (PLEDs). First, an ACTFEL model based on the built-in HSPICE Fowler-Nordheim tunneling diode is developed, which accurately reproduces the electrical characteristics of an evaporated ZnS:Mn device with only two adjustable parameters. This model is then expanded to match experimental trends over varying maximum applied voltages. Next, a device physics-based ACTFEL model is developed for SPICE in which interface emission of electrons can occur via both pure tunneling or thermal emission and in which occupancy of the interfacial trap is considered. This model is then expanded through the inclusion of first one and then two sheets of charge at specified locations within the phosphor layer. These sheets of charge are used to model space charge creation through either field emission or trap-to-band impact ionization. Device-physics features, such as field- and occupancy-dependent trapping of electrons at each sheet of charge, are included in the SPICE model for the first time. With the inclusion of static space charge, the double-sheet charge model is shown to model evaporated ZnS:Mn ACTFEL devices very well without artificially suppressing the interface trap depth or varying the model parameters for different maximum applied voltages. The model displays transferred charge capacitance overshoot and other experimentally-observed trends. Next, a simple OLED model is developed which accurately accounts for the dc electrical behavior of these devices, and a method of modeling injection-limited behavior versus bulk-limited behavior is shown. Finally, a single-layer PLED SPICE model is developed, and a method for specifying the parameters is derived. The model accurately accounts for PLED dc I-V electrical behavior. Title: SPICE modeling of ACTFEL devices and OLEDs Author: Bender, Jeffrey P. The achievements of this thesis are the development of several models for the SPICE (Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis) simulation of alternating-current thin-film electroluminescent (ACTFEL) devices, organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs), and polymer light-emitting devices (PLEDs). First, an ACTFEL model based on the built-in HSPICE Fowler-Nordheim tunneling diode is developed, which accurately reproduces the electrical characteristics of an evaporated ZnS:Mn device with only two adjustable parameters. This model is then expanded to match experimental trends over varying maximum applied voltages. Next, a device physics-based ACTFEL model is developed for SPICE in which interface emission of electrons can occur via both pure tunneling or thermal emission and in which occupancy of the interfacial trap is considered. This model is then expanded through the inclusion of first one and then two sheets of charge at specified locations within the phosphor layer. These sheets of charge are used to model space charge creation through either field emission or trap-to-band impact ionization. Device-physics features, such as field- and occupancy-dependent trapping of electrons at each sheet of charge, are included in the SPICE model for the first time. With the inclusion of static space charge, the double-sheet charge model is shown to model evaporated ZnS:Mn ACTFEL devices very well without artificially suppressing the interface trap depth or varying the model parameters for different maximum applied voltages. The model displays transferred charge capacitance overshoot and other experimentally-observed trends. Next, a simple OLED model is developed which accurately accounts for the dc electrical behavior of these devices, and a method of modeling injection-limited behavior versus bulk-limited behavior is shown. Finally, a single-layer PLED SPICE model is developed, and a method for specifying the parameters is derived. The model accurately accounts for PLED dc I-V electrical behavior. Close

• 579. [Article] Growth ring pattern consideration in computer sawing simulation

  The Best Opening Face (BOF) log breakdown model was modified to keep track of growth ring angle and growth ring density in boards. The model was used to determine the effects of producing rectangular rather ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Growth ring pattern consideration in computer sawing simulation Author: Bricka, Vincent The Best Opening Face (BOF) log breakdown model was modified to keep track of growth ring angle and growth ring density in boards. The model was used to determine the effects of producing rectangular rather than square pencil stock. While an increase in volume did result, there was also a decrease in pencil stock quality regarding ring angle due to the lack of choice left in orienting these pencil stock when producing slats. The results were expressed as the percentage of change that occurred in both volume and value recovery between rectangular and square sawing. Overall, when considering both pencil stock prices and ring angle factors, there was an increase in value of 0.64% when sawing rectangles instead of squares. However, a high standard deviation of 1.97% was linked to that average. No trends were found as a function of log diameter, but the total value increased slightly with an increase in log length and taper rate. From a pencil stock seller's viewpoint, only pencil stock prices needed to be considered. Due primarily to an increase in volume recovery, there was an average value increase of 6.85% when sawing rectangles instead of squares. Once again, an increasing trend was observed as a function of log length and taper rate. From a pencil slats producer's viewpoint, a per board foot approach was taken. An average decrease in value of 6.51% per board foot resulted when rectangles were sawn instead of squares. In addition, the distribution of pencil stock in the three ring angle classes varied dramatically between rectangular and square sawing. Results were sensitive to relative prices given to pencil slats as a function of ring angle. Title: Growth ring pattern consideration in computer sawing simulation Author: Bricka, Vincent The Best Opening Face (BOF) log breakdown model was modified to keep track of growth ring angle and growth ring density in boards. The model was used to determine the effects of producing rectangular rather than square pencil stock. While an increase in volume did result, there was also a decrease in pencil stock quality regarding ring angle due to the lack of choice left in orienting these pencil stock when producing slats. The results were expressed as the percentage of change that occurred in both volume and value recovery between rectangular and square sawing. Overall, when considering both pencil stock prices and ring angle factors, there was an increase in value of 0.64% when sawing rectangles instead of squares. However, a high standard deviation of 1.97% was linked to that average. No trends were found as a function of log diameter, but the total value increased slightly with an increase in log length and taper rate. From a pencil stock seller's viewpoint, only pencil stock prices needed to be considered. Due primarily to an increase in volume recovery, there was an average value increase of 6.85% when sawing rectangles instead of squares. Once again, an increasing trend was observed as a function of log length and taper rate. From a pencil slats producer's viewpoint, a per board foot approach was taken. An average decrease in value of 6.51% per board foot resulted when rectangles were sawn instead of squares. In addition, the distribution of pencil stock in the three ring angle classes varied dramatically between rectangular and square sawing. Results were sensitive to relative prices given to pencil slats as a function of ring angle. Close

• 580. [Article] Transfer, characterization and mapping of white mold resistance in an advanced backcross interspecific population between Phaseolus vulgaris and Phaseolus coccineus

  The advanced backcross-quatitative trait loci (AB-QTL) breeding method was employed on snap bean (OR 91G x PI433251B) and dry bean (M0162 x PI433251B) interspecific populations to transfer resistance QTL ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Transfer, characterization and mapping of white mold resistance in an advanced backcross interspecific population between Phaseolus vulgaris and Phaseolus coccineus Author: Zimmerman, Shawna Jean The advanced backcross-quatitative trait loci (AB-QTL) breeding method was employed on snap bean (OR 91G x PI433251B) and dry bean (M0162 x PI433251B) interspecific populations to transfer resistance QTL from resistant donor parent Phaseolus coccineus into P. vulgaris. For OR 91G x PI433251B, analyses produced nine linkage groups corresponding to eight core linkage groups for P. vulgaris consisting of 40 markers covering 336.7 cM (approximately 28.1% of the estimated bean genome). MQM mapping revealed one QTL that was located on linkage group Pv05 (LOD of 3.2) associated with 2009 percent field severity and accounted for 6.4% of the phenotypic variation. For M0162 x PI433251B, three linkage groups were observed, corresponding to three core linkage groups for P. vulgaris and consisted of 11 markers covering 42.44 cM (approximately 3.5% of the estimated bean genome). One QTL was identified with MQM mapping on linkage group Pv02 with a LOD of 1.8 and associated with the 2009 percent field severity, and accounted for 9.8% of the phenotypic variation. Because many SSR markers with known locations on previously published common bean linkage maps were unlinked, we constructed virtual maps to order polymorphic SSRs. In conjunction with single factor analysis and the Kruskall-Wallis analysis, probable locations of QTL were identified in the absence of the traditional QTL mapping. In addition to QTL mapping, trends for interspecific populations were investigated by comparing three different populations: the two populations being reported in this document for the first time (OR 91G x PI433251B and M0162 x PI433251B) and the previously analyzed OR 91G x PI255956. The general trends for interspecific populations were severe segregation distortion attributed to overrepresentation of heterozygotes, low marker polymorphism and regions of the genome that appear to recombine infrequently. Title: Transfer, characterization and mapping of white mold resistance in an advanced backcross interspecific population between Phaseolus vulgaris and Phaseolus coccineus Author: Zimmerman, Shawna Jean The advanced backcross-quatitative trait loci (AB-QTL) breeding method was employed on snap bean (OR 91G x PI433251B) and dry bean (M0162 x PI433251B) interspecific populations to transfer resistance QTL from resistant donor parent Phaseolus coccineus into P. vulgaris. For OR 91G x PI433251B, analyses produced nine linkage groups corresponding to eight core linkage groups for P. vulgaris consisting of 40 markers covering 336.7 cM (approximately 28.1% of the estimated bean genome). MQM mapping revealed one QTL that was located on linkage group Pv05 (LOD of 3.2) associated with 2009 percent field severity and accounted for 6.4% of the phenotypic variation. For M0162 x PI433251B, three linkage groups were observed, corresponding to three core linkage groups for P. vulgaris and consisted of 11 markers covering 42.44 cM (approximately 3.5% of the estimated bean genome). One QTL was identified with MQM mapping on linkage group Pv02 with a LOD of 1.8 and associated with the 2009 percent field severity, and accounted for 9.8% of the phenotypic variation. Because many SSR markers with known locations on previously published common bean linkage maps were unlinked, we constructed virtual maps to order polymorphic SSRs. In conjunction with single factor analysis and the Kruskall-Wallis analysis, probable locations of QTL were identified in the absence of the traditional QTL mapping. In addition to QTL mapping, trends for interspecific populations were investigated by comparing three different populations: the two populations being reported in this document for the first time (OR 91G x PI433251B and M0162 x PI433251B) and the previously analyzed OR 91G x PI255956. The general trends for interspecific populations were severe segregation distortion attributed to overrepresentation of heterozygotes, low marker polymorphism and regions of the genome that appear to recombine infrequently. Close