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• 1721. [Article] Government Financial Transfers to Fishing Industries in OECD Countries

  Government financial transfers (GFTs) to the marine capture fishery sectors in OECD Member countries represent a significant policy intervention. These transfers have a variety of objectives and governments ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Government Financial Transfers to Fishing Industries in OECD Countries Author: Flaaten, Ola, Wallis, Paul Year: 2001 Government financial transfers (GFTs) to the marine capture fishery sectors in OECD Member countries represent a significant policy intervention. These transfers have a variety of objectives and governments employ a number of means to implement them. This paper reviews an OECD study and discusses the findings in the context of bio-economic theory and fisheries policy measures. In 1997-99 the OECD Fisheries Committee studied GFTs and their impact on fisheries resource sustainability in OECD countries. Simple theoretical analysis shows that the expected effects depend on the type of transfer as well as on the management system in place. A survey of government financial transfers in 24 OECD member countries shows that at least USD 4.9 billion was spent on general services in 1997 – 13 per cent of the value of landings. General services include fisheries research, enforcement, management, enhancement and infrastructure. Most of these services are considered important for ensuring the sustainable use of fish stocks and the aquatic ecosystem. A further USD 1.4 billion was spent on support in the form of revenue enhancing and cost reducing transfers to the sector in 1997 – 4 per cent of the value of landings. Common examples include modernization subsidies, decommissioning payments, tax exemptions and income support. Due to insufficient data the study was unable to explore in detail the impact on fisheries sustainability of government financial transfers. Nevertheless, the study advanced the understanding of the impacts of transfers on the fisheries sector and some useful findings and assessments were made. Title: Government Financial Transfers to Fishing Industries in OECD Countries Author: Flaaten, Ola, Wallis, Paul Year: 2001 Government financial transfers (GFTs) to the marine capture fishery sectors in OECD Member countries represent a significant policy intervention. These transfers have a variety of objectives and governments employ a number of means to implement them. This paper reviews an OECD study and discusses the findings in the context of bio-economic theory and fisheries policy measures. In 1997-99 the OECD Fisheries Committee studied GFTs and their impact on fisheries resource sustainability in OECD countries. Simple theoretical analysis shows that the expected effects depend on the type of transfer as well as on the management system in place. A survey of government financial transfers in 24 OECD member countries shows that at least USD 4.9 billion was spent on general services in 1997 – 13 per cent of the value of landings. General services include fisheries research, enforcement, management, enhancement and infrastructure. Most of these services are considered important for ensuring the sustainable use of fish stocks and the aquatic ecosystem. A further USD 1.4 billion was spent on support in the form of revenue enhancing and cost reducing transfers to the sector in 1997 – 4 per cent of the value of landings. Common examples include modernization subsidies, decommissioning payments, tax exemptions and income support. Due to insufficient data the study was unable to explore in detail the impact on fisheries sustainability of government financial transfers. Nevertheless, the study advanced the understanding of the impacts of transfers on the fisheries sector and some useful findings and assessments were made. Close

• 1722. [Article] Economic Impact Assessment of the 2006 Fisheries Management Regime on the North Sea and West of Scotland Whitefish Trawl Segment

  Research Paper

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Economic Impact Assessment of the 2006 Fisheries Management Regime on the North Sea and West of Scotland Whitefish Trawl Segment Author: Curtis, Hazel, Anton, Susan Research Paper Title: Economic Impact Assessment of the 2006 Fisheries Management Regime on the North Sea and West of Scotland Whitefish Trawl Segment Author: Curtis, Hazel, Anton, Susan Research Paper Close

• 1723. [Article] A comparative analysis of stream response to disturbance in the Pacific Northwest

  Published literature about six Pacific Northwest stream systems was contrasted to provide a regional perspective on channel response to disturbance. This investigation was prompted by a combination of ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A comparative analysis of stream response to disturbance in the Pacific Northwest Author: Hodgins-Carlson, Terry Anne Published literature about six Pacific Northwest stream systems was contrasted to provide a regional perspective on channel response to disturbance. This investigation was prompted by a combination of recent environmental legislation, mounting social pressures to plan projects at a drainage basin scale, and the difficulty in defining and predicting the response and recovery of a stream channel to land-use management or storm events. Detailed studies of Redwood Creek, CA; the San Lorenzo River, CA; the South Fork Salmon River, ID; the Upper Middle Fork of the Willamette River, OR; the Alsea River System, OR; and Carnation Creek, B.C. were reviewed and contrasted. Differences in channel response to disturbance appear to be the result of the sequence of storms, the interactions between storms and land-use, the processes that deliver sediment to the channel, the available stream power, and the bank stability. Basins with low debris avalanche and earthflow potential, high stream power, and stable stream banks experience only localized and short-lived response to disturbance. On the other hand, basins with frequent debris avalanches or high earthflow potential and unstable banks experience widespread and persistent response. This study concludes that there must be realization and acceptance of the random nature of channel response and recovery following disturbance. Field evaluation, professional judgement, risk assessment, and adaptive management are the most powerful tools available in the prediction of channel response. Title: A comparative analysis of stream response to disturbance in the Pacific Northwest Author: Hodgins-Carlson, Terry Anne Published literature about six Pacific Northwest stream systems was contrasted to provide a regional perspective on channel response to disturbance. This investigation was prompted by a combination of recent environmental legislation, mounting social pressures to plan projects at a drainage basin scale, and the difficulty in defining and predicting the response and recovery of a stream channel to land-use management or storm events. Detailed studies of Redwood Creek, CA; the San Lorenzo River, CA; the South Fork Salmon River, ID; the Upper Middle Fork of the Willamette River, OR; the Alsea River System, OR; and Carnation Creek, B.C. were reviewed and contrasted. Differences in channel response to disturbance appear to be the result of the sequence of storms, the interactions between storms and land-use, the processes that deliver sediment to the channel, the available stream power, and the bank stability. Basins with low debris avalanche and earthflow potential, high stream power, and stable stream banks experience only localized and short-lived response to disturbance. On the other hand, basins with frequent debris avalanches or high earthflow potential and unstable banks experience widespread and persistent response. This study concludes that there must be realization and acceptance of the random nature of channel response and recovery following disturbance. Field evaluation, professional judgement, risk assessment, and adaptive management are the most powerful tools available in the prediction of channel response. Close

• 1724. [Article] Western Juniper (Juniperus occidentalis) and invasive annual grass mapping in Eastern Oregon

  In 2011, the Institute for Natural Resources – Portland (INR) entered into an agreement with the Natural Resources Conservation Service through the Cooperative Ecosystem Study Unit to assist in evaluation ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Western Juniper (Juniperus occidentalis) and invasive annual grass mapping in Eastern Oregon Author: Nielsen, Eric, Noone, Matthew, Kagan, James S. In 2011, the Institute for Natural Resources – Portland (INR) entered into an agreement with the Natural Resources Conservation Service through the Cooperative Ecosystem Study Unit to assist in evaluation of a targeted watershed restoration area in central Oregon. The primary objective of the agreement was to use remote sensing methodologies and widely available data sets to establish baseline landscape conditions that could be utilized by land managers as a planning tool and a measure of restoration project treatment success. Products and analysis developed by INR included: 1) A juniper percent canopy cover map for about 20 million acres in eastern Oregon and a juniper canopy cover increase/decrease map for a 17-year time interval between 1994 and 2011; 2) An exploratory analysis examining the feasibility of utilizing historic aerial photos to map historic juniper conditions; 3) A paired watershed analysis in Wheeler county examining outcomes of recent management activities; and 4) An exotic invasive annual map for 4.3 million acres spanning selected weed prioritization areas. The project was focused on using innovative remote sensing methods to identify the areas with existing juniper and invasive species concentrations. The resulting maps were intended to provide land managers with a preliminary planning tool describing existing baseline conditions across the region to help evaluate the effectiveness of different restoration treatments and identify priority areas for treatments. Title: Western Juniper (Juniperus occidentalis) and invasive annual grass mapping in Eastern Oregon Author: Nielsen, Eric, Noone, Matthew, Kagan, James S. In 2011, the Institute for Natural Resources – Portland (INR) entered into an agreement with the Natural Resources Conservation Service through the Cooperative Ecosystem Study Unit to assist in evaluation of a targeted watershed restoration area in central Oregon. The primary objective of the agreement was to use remote sensing methodologies and widely available data sets to establish baseline landscape conditions that could be utilized by land managers as a planning tool and a measure of restoration project treatment success. Products and analysis developed by INR included: 1) A juniper percent canopy cover map for about 20 million acres in eastern Oregon and a juniper canopy cover increase/decrease map for a 17-year time interval between 1994 and 2011; 2) An exploratory analysis examining the feasibility of utilizing historic aerial photos to map historic juniper conditions; 3) A paired watershed analysis in Wheeler county examining outcomes of recent management activities; and 4) An exotic invasive annual map for 4.3 million acres spanning selected weed prioritization areas. The project was focused on using innovative remote sensing methods to identify the areas with existing juniper and invasive species concentrations. The resulting maps were intended to provide land managers with a preliminary planning tool describing existing baseline conditions across the region to help evaluate the effectiveness of different restoration treatments and identify priority areas for treatments. Close

• 1725. [Article] A Double Hurdle Application of Fishermen’s Catch Sales Through Fish Mothers in Ghana

  Suggested Bibliographic Reference: NAAFE Forum 2017 Proceedings, March 22-24, 2017. Compiled by Ann L. Shriver with assistance from Stefani Evers. North American Association of Fisheries Economists (NAAFE), ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A Double Hurdle Application of Fishermen’s Catch Sales Through Fish Mothers in Ghana Author: Quagrainie, Kwamena, Chu, Jingjie Suggested Bibliographic Reference: NAAFE Forum 2017 Proceedings, March 22-24, 2017. Compiled by Ann L. Shriver with assistance from Stefani Evers. North American Association of Fisheries Economists (NAAFE), Corvallis, 2017. Title: A Double Hurdle Application of Fishermen’s Catch Sales Through Fish Mothers in Ghana Author: Quagrainie, Kwamena, Chu, Jingjie Suggested Bibliographic Reference: NAAFE Forum 2017 Proceedings, March 22-24, 2017. Compiled by Ann L. Shriver with assistance from Stefani Evers. North American Association of Fisheries Economists (NAAFE), Corvallis, 2017. Close

• 1726. [Article] Ambulatory and aerial dispersal among specialist and generalist phytoseiid mites

  Specialist and generalist phytoseiid mites are widely used for biological control of spider mites. Understanding dispersal attributes of these mites is important to implementing more stable, cost-efficient ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Ambulatory and aerial dispersal among specialist and generalist phytoseiid mites Author: Jung, Chuleui Specialist and generalist phytoseiid mites are widely used for biological control of spider mites. Understanding dispersal attributes of these mites is important to implementing more stable, cost-efficient integrated pest management. In this regard, we studied dispersal of phytoseiid mites from a local ambulatory phase of movement within a prey patch to a longer-range phase that includes emigration (aerial take-off and dispersal distance) and immigration to a new plant. Specialist phytoseiids showed higher ambulatory and aerial dispersal than generalist species. Somewhat different dispersal strategies were seen between Neoseiulus fallacis (more specialized predator) and N. calfornicus (more generalized predator): The most important difference was earlier and continuous dispersal of N. californicus from a prey patch. Cues from spider mite infestation suppressed the dispersal rates for specialists, but either increased or did not change the dispersal rates for generalist phytoseiids. Aerodynamic calculations support the hypothesis that Phytoseiulus persimilis may not require a standing take-off behavior to become airborne. However, with less vertical profile, a mite may become airborne more by standing erect (N. fallacis), than a species that does not show standing take-off (N. calfornicus). Jumping behavior by P. persimilis was observed for the first time among Phytoseiidae. Falling speed ranged from 0.4 to 0.73 m/s for 13 phytoseiid species and 0.79 to 0.81 for two-spotted spider mite. These values were quite similar to theoretical estimates for specialist phytoseiids, but less for generalists. From falling speed estimates and other morphological data, it was possible to predict aerial dispersal distance of phytoseiids using analytical models. After landing on bare soil following aerial dispersal, high mortality of N. fallacis was observed in the field during summer. Distance from the landing point to target plants showed negative log linear relationships. Soil surfaces and management actions influenced survival and recovery. Environmental conditions greatly affected survival of the predator. We speculated that phytoseiids that fell on ground were moving to the target plants via both ambulatory and aerial means. Title: Ambulatory and aerial dispersal among specialist and generalist phytoseiid mites Author: Jung, Chuleui Specialist and generalist phytoseiid mites are widely used for biological control of spider mites. Understanding dispersal attributes of these mites is important to implementing more stable, cost-efficient integrated pest management. In this regard, we studied dispersal of phytoseiid mites from a local ambulatory phase of movement within a prey patch to a longer-range phase that includes emigration (aerial take-off and dispersal distance) and immigration to a new plant. Specialist phytoseiids showed higher ambulatory and aerial dispersal than generalist species. Somewhat different dispersal strategies were seen between Neoseiulus fallacis (more specialized predator) and N. calfornicus (more generalized predator): The most important difference was earlier and continuous dispersal of N. californicus from a prey patch. Cues from spider mite infestation suppressed the dispersal rates for specialists, but either increased or did not change the dispersal rates for generalist phytoseiids. Aerodynamic calculations support the hypothesis that Phytoseiulus persimilis may not require a standing take-off behavior to become airborne. However, with less vertical profile, a mite may become airborne more by standing erect (N. fallacis), than a species that does not show standing take-off (N. calfornicus). Jumping behavior by P. persimilis was observed for the first time among Phytoseiidae. Falling speed ranged from 0.4 to 0.73 m/s for 13 phytoseiid species and 0.79 to 0.81 for two-spotted spider mite. These values were quite similar to theoretical estimates for specialist phytoseiids, but less for generalists. From falling speed estimates and other morphological data, it was possible to predict aerial dispersal distance of phytoseiids using analytical models. After landing on bare soil following aerial dispersal, high mortality of N. fallacis was observed in the field during summer. Distance from the landing point to target plants showed negative log linear relationships. Soil surfaces and management actions influenced survival and recovery. Environmental conditions greatly affected survival of the predator. We speculated that phytoseiids that fell on ground were moving to the target plants via both ambulatory and aerial means. Close

• 1727. [Article] The effect of mountain bicycle fork stiffness on impact acceleration

  Mountain bike suspension forks have been developed to reduce the accelerations transmitted to the rider. However, the effectiveness of suspension forks has not been systematically investigated. It was ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The effect of mountain bicycle fork stiffness on impact acceleration Author: Orendurff, Michael Mountain bike suspension forks have been developed to reduce the accelerations transmitted to the rider. However, the effectiveness of suspension forks has not been systematically investigated. It was the goal of this project to quantify the amount of impact acceleration damping afforded by three stiffness settings of suspension forks compared to rigid mountain bike forks. Seven experienced mountain bike riders gave their informed consent to participate in the study. The subjects coasted down a ramp and impacted a bump at 5.4 m/s located about 2.3 m past the ramp end. Accelerometers were placed on the axle and frame of the bicycle which was fitted with either a rigid fork (FR) or suspension forks set on soft (F1), medium (F3), or firm (F6) stiffness. Bumps were either small (B1), medium (B2) or large (B3). Accelerometer data were telemetered to a computer, sampled at 1000 Hz and smoothed with Butterworth filter with 50 Hz cutoff. Peak acceleration during impact (P1) and landing (P2) as well as the slope of the impact acceleration peak (jerk, J) were extracted from the data and analyzed using a 2 x 3 x 4 repeated measures ANOVA for each of the dependent variables (P1, P2, J), and with linear contrasts as follow-up tests. A significance level of p<.01 was chosen. All forks were found to produce similar impact acceleration (P1) at the axle and frame on the small bump (B1). On larger bumps (B2 and B3), softer suspension forks (F1 and F3) significantly reduced acceleration transmitted to the rider during bump impact (P1), while maintaining significantly higher axle acceleration than other forks (p<.001); Jerk was significantly reduced at the frame compared to the axle for each suspension fork with the larger bumps. Landing impacts (P2) were of similar magnitude for most fork conditions at both the axle and frame. It appears from these data that suspension forks with moderate stiffness may provide the best impact acceleration damping for mountain bikes encountering impacts with characteristics similar to the bumps and velocity used in this study. It is unclear how these results generalize to other conditions encountered while riding. Title: The effect of mountain bicycle fork stiffness on impact acceleration Author: Orendurff, Michael Mountain bike suspension forks have been developed to reduce the accelerations transmitted to the rider. However, the effectiveness of suspension forks has not been systematically investigated. It was the goal of this project to quantify the amount of impact acceleration damping afforded by three stiffness settings of suspension forks compared to rigid mountain bike forks. Seven experienced mountain bike riders gave their informed consent to participate in the study. The subjects coasted down a ramp and impacted a bump at 5.4 m/s located about 2.3 m past the ramp end. Accelerometers were placed on the axle and frame of the bicycle which was fitted with either a rigid fork (FR) or suspension forks set on soft (F1), medium (F3), or firm (F6) stiffness. Bumps were either small (B1), medium (B2) or large (B3). Accelerometer data were telemetered to a computer, sampled at 1000 Hz and smoothed with Butterworth filter with 50 Hz cutoff. Peak acceleration during impact (P1) and landing (P2) as well as the slope of the impact acceleration peak (jerk, J) were extracted from the data and analyzed using a 2 x 3 x 4 repeated measures ANOVA for each of the dependent variables (P1, P2, J), and with linear contrasts as follow-up tests. A significance level of p<.01 was chosen. All forks were found to produce similar impact acceleration (P1) at the axle and frame on the small bump (B1). On larger bumps (B2 and B3), softer suspension forks (F1 and F3) significantly reduced acceleration transmitted to the rider during bump impact (P1), while maintaining significantly higher axle acceleration than other forks (p<.001); Jerk was significantly reduced at the frame compared to the axle for each suspension fork with the larger bumps. Landing impacts (P2) were of similar magnitude for most fork conditions at both the axle and frame. It appears from these data that suspension forks with moderate stiffness may provide the best impact acceleration damping for mountain bikes encountering impacts with characteristics similar to the bumps and velocity used in this study. It is unclear how these results generalize to other conditions encountered while riding. Close

• 1728. [Article] The problems and issues of implementing the National Flood Insurance Act in Oregon

  Floods and ensuing damage have always been a problem for man. Initial reaction to the frequent destruction was to avoid siting permanent domiciles on flood-prone lands. As a result of increasing population ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The problems and issues of implementing the National Flood Insurance Act in Oregon Author: Emmer, Rod E. Floods and ensuing damage have always been a problem for man. Initial reaction to the frequent destruction was to avoid siting permanent domiciles on flood-prone lands. As a result of increasing population and pressure for development, flood control structures were built. Instead of reducing flood losses, however, flood control projects encouraged development of more hazardous zones by giving a false sense of security to flood plain occupants. In the 1960's Congress began to evaluate alternatives to flood control and abatement projects in an attempt to retard and eventually eliminate further flood losses. In 1968 it sought to resolve the problems of aid to flood victims and reduce the increasing losses by enacting the National Flood Insurance Act (NFIA). If implemented the Act will furnish assistance to flood victims through insurance policies and reduce further losses by establishing a mandatory set of minimum standards for land use on flood plains. This study analyzes the problems and issues of implementing the NFIA in Oregon between enactment of the law in 1968 and June 1972. The study reveals that extensive revisions of local ordinances will be necessary if participating governments are to meet the minimum standards of the Federal Insurance Administration. The four standards most commonly omitted in the regulations promulgated by local governments are those pertaining to: fill in the floodway, raising utilities above the 100-year flood level, providing adequate drainage, and considering neighboring flood plain programs. A sample of flood plain occupants suggests that the availability of flood insurance and the potential flood hazard of an area are, not widely known. In sum, the implementation of the NFIA proceeded slowly between enactment in 1968 and the summer of 1972. Even where it was accepted by local governments, the ordinance would not restrict flood plain use to the degree Congress intended. Title: The problems and issues of implementing the National Flood Insurance Act in Oregon Author: Emmer, Rod E. Floods and ensuing damage have always been a problem for man. Initial reaction to the frequent destruction was to avoid siting permanent domiciles on flood-prone lands. As a result of increasing population and pressure for development, flood control structures were built. Instead of reducing flood losses, however, flood control projects encouraged development of more hazardous zones by giving a false sense of security to flood plain occupants. In the 1960's Congress began to evaluate alternatives to flood control and abatement projects in an attempt to retard and eventually eliminate further flood losses. In 1968 it sought to resolve the problems of aid to flood victims and reduce the increasing losses by enacting the National Flood Insurance Act (NFIA). If implemented the Act will furnish assistance to flood victims through insurance policies and reduce further losses by establishing a mandatory set of minimum standards for land use on flood plains. This study analyzes the problems and issues of implementing the NFIA in Oregon between enactment of the law in 1968 and June 1972. The study reveals that extensive revisions of local ordinances will be necessary if participating governments are to meet the minimum standards of the Federal Insurance Administration. The four standards most commonly omitted in the regulations promulgated by local governments are those pertaining to: fill in the floodway, raising utilities above the 100-year flood level, providing adequate drainage, and considering neighboring flood plain programs. A sample of flood plain occupants suggests that the availability of flood insurance and the potential flood hazard of an area are, not widely known. In sum, the implementation of the NFIA proceeded slowly between enactment in 1968 and the summer of 1972. Even where it was accepted by local governments, the ordinance would not restrict flood plain use to the degree Congress intended. Close

• 1729. [Article] Pits, Politics, and People : Identifying Barriers to the Enhancement Reclamation of Floodplain Aggregate Mines in the Willamette Valley, OR

  Aggregate, which consists of crushed rock, sand, and gravel resources, is one of the most extracted resources in Oregon. Floodplain sites throughout the Willamette Valley -- particularly along the Willamette ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Pits, Politics, and People : Identifying Barriers to the Enhancement Reclamation of Floodplain Aggregate Mines in the Willamette Valley, OR Author: Morrison, Elizabeth A. (Elizabeth Anne) Aggregate, which consists of crushed rock, sand, and gravel resources, is one of the most extracted resources in Oregon. Floodplain sites throughout the Willamette Valley -- particularly along the Willamette River -- are of particular importance because they produce high quality sand and gravel, located close to the aggregate market. The best farmland in Oregon is also located in the Valley, as is prime habitat for endangered salmonids in the Willamette River. Since the 1990s, conflicts between miners, farmers, and environmentalists have increased in both intensity and frequency in the Valley. In 2004, Oregon Consensus brought together stakeholders to discuss the conflict. No formal report or findings came from the group and the conflict has not been addressed since. This research revisits the aggregate-agriculture-environment conflict in the Valley for the first time in a decade and examines the potential of "enhancement reclamation" at floodplain aggregate pits to alleviate conflict tensions. Aggregate industry representatives, farmers, environmental consultants, and government officials were interviewed to inform this research. Central concepts that influence both the conflict situation and reclamation in the Valley are identified and discussed in detail. These data are then analyzed to identify barriers to the enhancement reclamation of floodplain aggregate pits. The qualitative assessment also explores interviewee recommended solutions to the conflict and ways to encourage enhancement reclamation in the future. The resulting discussion is guided by the implementation of a new conflict assessment framework, The Phase-Vision Map. The framework organizes central concepts of the conflict by three interworking dimensions: substance, procedure, and relationship. Ultimately, a vision for the future of the aggregate-agriculture-environment conflict is offered, which is built off of recommendations to further enhancement reclamation in the Valley. Title: Pits, Politics, and People : Identifying Barriers to the Enhancement Reclamation of Floodplain Aggregate Mines in the Willamette Valley, OR Author: Morrison, Elizabeth A. (Elizabeth Anne) Aggregate, which consists of crushed rock, sand, and gravel resources, is one of the most extracted resources in Oregon. Floodplain sites throughout the Willamette Valley -- particularly along the Willamette River -- are of particular importance because they produce high quality sand and gravel, located close to the aggregate market. The best farmland in Oregon is also located in the Valley, as is prime habitat for endangered salmonids in the Willamette River. Since the 1990s, conflicts between miners, farmers, and environmentalists have increased in both intensity and frequency in the Valley. In 2004, Oregon Consensus brought together stakeholders to discuss the conflict. No formal report or findings came from the group and the conflict has not been addressed since. This research revisits the aggregate-agriculture-environment conflict in the Valley for the first time in a decade and examines the potential of "enhancement reclamation" at floodplain aggregate pits to alleviate conflict tensions. Aggregate industry representatives, farmers, environmental consultants, and government officials were interviewed to inform this research. Central concepts that influence both the conflict situation and reclamation in the Valley are identified and discussed in detail. These data are then analyzed to identify barriers to the enhancement reclamation of floodplain aggregate pits. The qualitative assessment also explores interviewee recommended solutions to the conflict and ways to encourage enhancement reclamation in the future. The resulting discussion is guided by the implementation of a new conflict assessment framework, The Phase-Vision Map. The framework organizes central concepts of the conflict by three interworking dimensions: substance, procedure, and relationship. Ultimately, a vision for the future of the aggregate-agriculture-environment conflict is offered, which is built off of recommendations to further enhancement reclamation in the Valley. Close

• 1730. [Article] Decanting values of the environment: A comparative case study in the Willamette Valley’s wine industry

  2017

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Decanting values of the environment: A comparative case study in the Willamette Valley’s wine industry Author: Cogle, James 2017 Title: Decanting values of the environment: A comparative case study in the Willamette Valley’s wine industry Author: Cogle, James 2017 Close