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• 121. [Article] Strengthening United Nation’s Global Human Rights Policies against Exploitation by Multinational Corporations in South East Asia

  In this paper I will argue that multinational corporations have exploited the resources, endangered the environment and produced goods for profit at the expense of cheap labor by the inhabitants of less ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Strengthening United Nation’s Global Human Rights Policies against Exploitation by Multinational Corporations in South East Asia Author: Smith, Marcellius Year: 2014 In this paper I will argue that multinational corporations have exploited the resources, endangered the environment and produced goods for profit at the expense of cheap labor by the inhabitants of less developed nations, specifically the people in South East Asia who sometimes work long hours in unsafe environmental conditions to maintain a decent living. I will also argue why it is important for all nation-states throughout the world have a moral obligation to strengthen the United Nation’s policies against such exploitation through regulations and other means deemed acceptable by the world populace. Title: Strengthening United Nation’s Global Human Rights Policies against Exploitation by Multinational Corporations in South East Asia Author: Smith, Marcellius Year: 2014 In this paper I will argue that multinational corporations have exploited the resources, endangered the environment and produced goods for profit at the expense of cheap labor by the inhabitants of less developed nations, specifically the people in South East Asia who sometimes work long hours in unsafe environmental conditions to maintain a decent living. I will also argue why it is important for all nation-states throughout the world have a moral obligation to strengthen the United Nation’s policies against such exploitation through regulations and other means deemed acceptable by the world populace. Close

• 122. [Article] Cooperative Interaction of Transcription Termination Factors with the RNA Polymerase II C-terminal Domain

  Phosphorylation of the C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II controls the co-transcriptional assembly of RNA processing and transcription factors. Recruitment relies on conserved CTDinteracting domains ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Cooperative Interaction of Transcription Termination Factors with the RNA Polymerase II C-terminal Domain Author: Lunde, Bradley M., Reichow, Steve, Kim, Minkyu, Suh, Hyunsuk, Leeper, Thomas C., Yang, Fan, Mutschler, Hannes, Buratowski, Stephen, Meinhart, Anton, Varani, Gabriele Year: 2010 Phosphorylation of the C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II controls the co-transcriptional assembly of RNA processing and transcription factors. Recruitment relies on conserved CTDinteracting domains that recognize different CTD phosphoisoforms during the transcription cycle, but the molecular basis for their specificity remains unclear. We show that the CTD-interacting domains of two transcription termination factors, Rtt103 and Pcf11, achieve high affinity and specificity both by specifically recognizing the phosphorylated CTD and by cooperatively binding to neighboring CTD repeats. Single amino acid mutations at the protein-protein interface abolish cooperativity and affect recruitment at the 3′-end processing site in vivo. We suggest that this cooperativity provides a signal-response mechanism to ensure that its action is confined only to proper polyadenylation sites where Serine 2 phosphorylation density is highest. Title: Cooperative Interaction of Transcription Termination Factors with the RNA Polymerase II C-terminal Domain Author: Lunde, Bradley M., Reichow, Steve, Kim, Minkyu, Suh, Hyunsuk, Leeper, Thomas C., Yang, Fan, Mutschler, Hannes, Buratowski, Stephen, Meinhart, Anton, Varani, Gabriele Year: 2010 Phosphorylation of the C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II controls the co-transcriptional assembly of RNA processing and transcription factors. Recruitment relies on conserved CTDinteracting domains that recognize different CTD phosphoisoforms during the transcription cycle, but the molecular basis for their specificity remains unclear. We show that the CTD-interacting domains of two transcription termination factors, Rtt103 and Pcf11, achieve high affinity and specificity both by specifically recognizing the phosphorylated CTD and by cooperatively binding to neighboring CTD repeats. Single amino acid mutations at the protein-protein interface abolish cooperativity and affect recruitment at the 3′-end processing site in vivo. We suggest that this cooperativity provides a signal-response mechanism to ensure that its action is confined only to proper polyadenylation sites where Serine 2 phosphorylation density is highest. Close

• 123. [Article] Agricultural UAVs - A Case Study on Their Implementation in the US Market

  The use of UAVs in agriculture represents a new market ready for explosive domestic growth, and could even be a game changer. Like the PC industry, many military funded technologies have been combined ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Agricultural UAVs - A Case Study on Their Implementation in the US Market Author: Revolinsky, Anna, Aiken, Oneshin, Pakdamanian, Erfan, Nounkwa, Patrick Year: 2015 The use of UAVs in agriculture represents a new market ready for explosive domestic growth, and could even be a game changer. Like the PC industry, many military funded technologies have been combined in products that are now just sold as a niche novelty for hobbyists. The agricultural UAV industry is near the point where the market can shift from this hobbyist, smallscale into an agricultural necessity, much like the PC industry shifted when IBM and its PC came onto the scene. Many small companies (and divisions of larger ones) are working on the use of drones in agriculture, but face unique regulatory challenges. This paper explores this budding agricultural UAV market, compares existing agricultural solutions, examines the technologies behind this new market, the regulations constraining this technology, and includes an evaluation of the field’s economic and technological likely future. Title: Agricultural UAVs - A Case Study on Their Implementation in the US Market Author: Revolinsky, Anna, Aiken, Oneshin, Pakdamanian, Erfan, Nounkwa, Patrick Year: 2015 The use of UAVs in agriculture represents a new market ready for explosive domestic growth, and could even be a game changer. Like the PC industry, many military funded technologies have been combined in products that are now just sold as a niche novelty for hobbyists. The agricultural UAV industry is near the point where the market can shift from this hobbyist, smallscale into an agricultural necessity, much like the PC industry shifted when IBM and its PC came onto the scene. Many small companies (and divisions of larger ones) are working on the use of drones in agriculture, but face unique regulatory challenges. This paper explores this budding agricultural UAV market, compares existing agricultural solutions, examines the technologies behind this new market, the regulations constraining this technology, and includes an evaluation of the field’s economic and technological likely future. Close

• 124. [Article] A Genetic Study of SSV1, the Prototypical Fusellovirus

  Viruses of thermophilic Archaea are unique in both their structures and genomic sequences. The most widespread and arguably best studied are the lemon-shaped fuselloviruses. The spindle-shaped virus morphology ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A Genetic Study of SSV1, the Prototypical Fusellovirus Author: Iverson, Eric, Stedman, Kenneth M. Year: 2012 Viruses of thermophilic Archaea are unique in both their structures and genomic sequences. The most widespread and arguably best studied are the lemon-shaped fuselloviruses. The spindle-shaped virus morphology is unique to Archaea but widespread therein. The best studied fusellovirus is SSV1 from Beppu, Japan, which infects Sulfolobus solfataricus. Very little is known about the function of the genes in the SSV1 genome. Recently we have developed genetic tools to analyze these genes. In this study, we have deleted three SSV1 open reading frames (ORFs) ranging from completely conserved to poorly conserved: VP2, d244, and b129. Deletion of the universally conserved ORF b129, which encodes a predicted transcriptional regulator, results in loss of infectivity. Deletion of the poorly conserved predicted DNA-binding protein gene VP2 yields viable virus that is indistinguishable from wild-type. Deletion of the well-conserved ORF d244 that encodes a predicted nuclease yields viable virus. However, infection of S. solfataricus with virus lacking ORF d244 dramatically retards host growth, compared to the wild-type virus. Title: A Genetic Study of SSV1, the Prototypical Fusellovirus Author: Iverson, Eric, Stedman, Kenneth M. Year: 2012 Viruses of thermophilic Archaea are unique in both their structures and genomic sequences. The most widespread and arguably best studied are the lemon-shaped fuselloviruses. The spindle-shaped virus morphology is unique to Archaea but widespread therein. The best studied fusellovirus is SSV1 from Beppu, Japan, which infects Sulfolobus solfataricus. Very little is known about the function of the genes in the SSV1 genome. Recently we have developed genetic tools to analyze these genes. In this study, we have deleted three SSV1 open reading frames (ORFs) ranging from completely conserved to poorly conserved: VP2, d244, and b129. Deletion of the universally conserved ORF b129, which encodes a predicted transcriptional regulator, results in loss of infectivity. Deletion of the poorly conserved predicted DNA-binding protein gene VP2 yields viable virus that is indistinguishable from wild-type. Deletion of the well-conserved ORF d244 that encodes a predicted nuclease yields viable virus. However, infection of S. solfataricus with virus lacking ORF d244 dramatically retards host growth, compared to the wild-type virus. Close

• 125. [Article] Overlooked Density: Re-Thinking Transportation Options in Suburbia

  Suburban multifamily housing is an often overlooked housing typology that is the fasted growing housing market in the country and holds strong potential for achieving smart growth goals in suburbia. This ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Overlooked Density: Re-Thinking Transportation Options in Suburbia Author: Larco, Nico Year: 2010 Suburban multifamily housing is an often overlooked housing typology that is the fasted growing housing market in the country and holds strong potential for achieving smart growth goals in suburbia. This housing type is ubiquitous throughout all regions in the nation, is a widespread example of density in suburbia, and is typically located next to commercial uses. The proximity between suburban multifamily housing and commercial uses creates the potential for nodes of concentrated activity, mixed use, and the possibility of substantial non-auto transport in suburbia. While this potential exists, the design of this housing type often follows an enclaved pattern of development, negating any synergy, minimizing the possibility of non-auto transport, and denying any potential for sustainable development. Through case studies of suburban multifamily development in Oregon, Arizona, Florida, and Massachusetts, this report looks at the specific ways in which regulation, typical development practice, and design culture have shaped the current pattern of suburban multifamily development. Each case study includes graphic analysis of physical development patterns, interviews with planners, architects, property managers and developers who worked on the case study projects, regulatory analysis of case study jurisdictions, and surveys of residents. Title: Overlooked Density: Re-Thinking Transportation Options in Suburbia Author: Larco, Nico Year: 2010 Suburban multifamily housing is an often overlooked housing typology that is the fasted growing housing market in the country and holds strong potential for achieving smart growth goals in suburbia. This housing type is ubiquitous throughout all regions in the nation, is a widespread example of density in suburbia, and is typically located next to commercial uses. The proximity between suburban multifamily housing and commercial uses creates the potential for nodes of concentrated activity, mixed use, and the possibility of substantial non-auto transport in suburbia. While this potential exists, the design of this housing type often follows an enclaved pattern of development, negating any synergy, minimizing the possibility of non-auto transport, and denying any potential for sustainable development. Through case studies of suburban multifamily development in Oregon, Arizona, Florida, and Massachusetts, this report looks at the specific ways in which regulation, typical development practice, and design culture have shaped the current pattern of suburban multifamily development. Each case study includes graphic analysis of physical development patterns, interviews with planners, architects, property managers and developers who worked on the case study projects, regulatory analysis of case study jurisdictions, and surveys of residents. Close

• 126. [Article] Patterns of Aspect-Oriented Design

  Aspect-oriented programming languages are becoming commonplace, and programmers are accumulating experience in building and maintaining aspect-oriented systems. This paper addresses how the use of these ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Patterns of Aspect-Oriented Design Author: Andrew, Black P., Noble, James, Pearce, David J., Scmidmeir, Arno Year: 2008 Aspect-oriented programming languages are becoming commonplace, and programmers are accumulating experience in building and maintaining aspect-oriented systems. This paper addresses how the use of these languages affects program design: how aspect-oriented languages change the design space, which designs should be emulated and which avoided, and the strengths and weaknesses of particular kinds of design. We identify five patterns of aspect-oriented design: Spectator, Regulator, Patch, Extension, and Heterarchical Design. For each pattern, we describe the problem it solves, show how aspect-oriented language features are used in the pattern, give characteristic examples of the pattern’s use, and assess its benefits and liabilities. Our patterns provide the beginnings of a taxonomy of aspect-oriented design. We believe that they should help programmers to understand and evaluate existing aspect-oriented designs, to improve new designs, to make better use of the aspect-oriented features of new programming languages, and also guide those who wish to implement these patterns in non aspect-oriented languages. Title: Patterns of Aspect-Oriented Design Author: Andrew, Black P., Noble, James, Pearce, David J., Scmidmeir, Arno Year: 2008 Aspect-oriented programming languages are becoming commonplace, and programmers are accumulating experience in building and maintaining aspect-oriented systems. This paper addresses how the use of these languages affects program design: how aspect-oriented languages change the design space, which designs should be emulated and which avoided, and the strengths and weaknesses of particular kinds of design. We identify five patterns of aspect-oriented design: Spectator, Regulator, Patch, Extension, and Heterarchical Design. For each pattern, we describe the problem it solves, show how aspect-oriented language features are used in the pattern, give characteristic examples of the pattern’s use, and assess its benefits and liabilities. Our patterns provide the beginnings of a taxonomy of aspect-oriented design. We believe that they should help programmers to understand and evaluate existing aspect-oriented designs, to improve new designs, to make better use of the aspect-oriented features of new programming languages, and also guide those who wish to implement these patterns in non aspect-oriented languages. Close

• 127. [Article] Maturity of adolescent unwed mothers

  Adolescence traditionally has been recognized and accepted as a period of exploration of an occasional rebellion against the adult world. Explorations are viewed by behavioral scientists as a quest for ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Maturity of adolescent unwed mothers Author: Claiborne, Sarah L. Year: 1974 Adolescence traditionally has been recognized and accepted as a period of exploration of an occasional rebellion against the adult world. Explorations are viewed by behavioral scientists as a quest for identity expansion, and as such, a necessary phase for attaining maturity. Several tasks have been identified which each adolescent must complete if he is to reach maturity. For the present these tasks can be summarized as character formation, attainment of sexual identity, establishment of mature relationships and emancipation from parental control. Society's attitude towards the rebellion and exploitation of youth is mixed. This confusion seems related to a general breakdown in custom, dispensation of child-adolescent labor, and restriction on sexual activity. Perhaps the confusion is particularly noted in relation to the adolescent unwed mother who may be viewed as having violated moral standards. While America has been from its inception relatively free of entrenched social groups, traditions and values, there were customs and values which served to regulate behavior: curfew, chaperones, maiden aunts in the parlor and mothers in the kitchen. Title: Maturity of adolescent unwed mothers Author: Claiborne, Sarah L. Year: 1974 Adolescence traditionally has been recognized and accepted as a period of exploration of an occasional rebellion against the adult world. Explorations are viewed by behavioral scientists as a quest for identity expansion, and as such, a necessary phase for attaining maturity. Several tasks have been identified which each adolescent must complete if he is to reach maturity. For the present these tasks can be summarized as character formation, attainment of sexual identity, establishment of mature relationships and emancipation from parental control. Society's attitude towards the rebellion and exploitation of youth is mixed. This confusion seems related to a general breakdown in custom, dispensation of child-adolescent labor, and restriction on sexual activity. Perhaps the confusion is particularly noted in relation to the adolescent unwed mother who may be viewed as having violated moral standards. While America has been from its inception relatively free of entrenched social groups, traditions and values, there were customs and values which served to regulate behavior: curfew, chaperones, maiden aunts in the parlor and mothers in the kitchen. Close

• 128. [Article] Personal incidental fund: a study in policy making

  Originally, the focus of this project was to be a policy analysis and survey of the new procedures and regulations established by the state of Oregon for the protection and management of nursing home residents' ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Personal incidental fund: a study in policy making Author: Rackner, Shirley Year: 1977 Originally, the focus of this project was to be a policy analysis and survey of the new procedures and regulations established by the state of Oregon for the protection and management of nursing home residents' Personal Incidental Funds (PIF). The analysis was to be divided into four phases, according to a pre-planned timetable. The last phase was to be a field survey of the policy's impact upon nursing homes and adult service workers. The timetable was synchronized with that of the Congregate Care Consultant from the Public Welfare Division's (PWD) Adult Services Unit, whose responsibility it was to develop and write a new policy for the state. Although the PIF is a miniscule segment of the total policy which the state of Oregon has developed for nursing facilities, it is submitted here as representative of public policy formulation in that area. Title: Personal incidental fund: a study in policy making Author: Rackner, Shirley Year: 1977 Originally, the focus of this project was to be a policy analysis and survey of the new procedures and regulations established by the state of Oregon for the protection and management of nursing home residents' Personal Incidental Funds (PIF). The analysis was to be divided into four phases, according to a pre-planned timetable. The last phase was to be a field survey of the policy's impact upon nursing homes and adult service workers. The timetable was synchronized with that of the Congregate Care Consultant from the Public Welfare Division's (PWD) Adult Services Unit, whose responsibility it was to develop and write a new policy for the state. Although the PIF is a miniscule segment of the total policy which the state of Oregon has developed for nursing facilities, it is submitted here as representative of public policy formulation in that area. Close

• 129. [Article] Community impacts on organizational interaction

  This dissertation addresses the following research question. Do the criteria by which organizations assess the benefits of entering into interagency agreements vary by city? Employing data obtained from ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Community impacts on organizational interaction Author: Keast, Frederick Dalton Year: 1980 This dissertation addresses the following research question. Do the criteria by which organizations assess the benefits of entering into interagency agreements vary by city? Employing data obtained from 183 human service agencies in six western cities, organizational emphases on two classes of goals as they relate to the decision to interact with other agencies are assessed as functions of six organizational variables and city. The organizational variables include organizational goal, reliance on federal sources for funding, and a range of environmental uncertainty measures. The two classes of organizational goals studied are: first, those which directly accrue to the agency itself, and second, those which accrue directly to entities outside the organization. Findings suggest that while emphases on intraorganizational goals are invariant between cities, those pertaining to extra-organizational entities may well vary between locales. These findings bear theoretical implications for the future study of organizations, and practical implications for entities seeking to develop programs or regulations for application across broadly defined jurisdictions. Title: Community impacts on organizational interaction Author: Keast, Frederick Dalton Year: 1980 This dissertation addresses the following research question. Do the criteria by which organizations assess the benefits of entering into interagency agreements vary by city? Employing data obtained from 183 human service agencies in six western cities, organizational emphases on two classes of goals as they relate to the decision to interact with other agencies are assessed as functions of six organizational variables and city. The organizational variables include organizational goal, reliance on federal sources for funding, and a range of environmental uncertainty measures. The two classes of organizational goals studied are: first, those which directly accrue to the agency itself, and second, those which accrue directly to entities outside the organization. Findings suggest that while emphases on intraorganizational goals are invariant between cities, those pertaining to extra-organizational entities may well vary between locales. These findings bear theoretical implications for the future study of organizations, and practical implications for entities seeking to develop programs or regulations for application across broadly defined jurisdictions. Close

• 130. [Article] Background to the Second amendment, : "A well regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed."

  Research into the background of the Second Amendment is hampered by its relationship to the current highly emotional debate over gun control. Many otherwise useful secondary sources either ignore the issue ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Background to the Second amendment, : "A well regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed." Author: Nichols, John Thomas Year: 1977 Research into the background of the Second Amendment is hampered by its relationship to the current highly emotional debate over gun control. Many otherwise useful secondary sources either ignore the issue completely or give accounts which reflect the controversies of the twentieth century rather than those of the eighteenth. Fortunately, however, the Americans of the revolutionary era wrote extensively about the subject. With independence, the Americans were faced with the problem of organizing and controlling a defense establishment. The new nation was virtually defenseless: the Continental Army was disbanded and the militia, after years of neglect, emasculated. During the decade following the War for Independence, many unsuccessful attempts were made to revitalize the militia and thus prevent the establishment of a professional army. With the adoption of the Constitution in 1787, military affairs reached a turning point. The central government was granted almost unlimited power to rise a standing army without any firm mandate to reform the militia. In an attempt to prevent this and assure that the people would continue to control the military power of the nation, the Second Amendment was adopted as a part of the Bill of Rights. Title: Background to the Second amendment, : "A well regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed." Author: Nichols, John Thomas Year: 1977 Research into the background of the Second Amendment is hampered by its relationship to the current highly emotional debate over gun control. Many otherwise useful secondary sources either ignore the issue completely or give accounts which reflect the controversies of the twentieth century rather than those of the eighteenth. Fortunately, however, the Americans of the revolutionary era wrote extensively about the subject. With independence, the Americans were faced with the problem of organizing and controlling a defense establishment. The new nation was virtually defenseless: the Continental Army was disbanded and the militia, after years of neglect, emasculated. During the decade following the War for Independence, many unsuccessful attempts were made to revitalize the militia and thus prevent the establishment of a professional army. With the adoption of the Constitution in 1787, military affairs reached a turning point. The central government was granted almost unlimited power to rise a standing army without any firm mandate to reform the militia. In an attempt to prevent this and assure that the people would continue to control the military power of the nation, the Second Amendment was adopted as a part of the Bill of Rights. Close