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• 661. [Article] Use of decision trees in analysis of the potential gain from approved zone status under the ETJ shellfish health regime

  Research Paper

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Use of decision trees in analysis of the potential gain from approved zone status under the ETJ shellfish health regime Author: Sutherland, Roy, Revell, Brian Research Paper Title: Use of decision trees in analysis of the potential gain from approved zone status under the ETJ shellfish health regime Author: Sutherland, Roy, Revell, Brian Research Paper Close

• 662. [Article] A comparative study of work values between selected tenth-grade Thai girls in Bangkok and Chiangmai, Thailand

  Purpose This study was designed to determine and compare the work values held by tenth-grade Thai girls in Bangkok and Chiangmai, Thailand, in order to lay the groundwork for a more systematic approach ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A comparative study of work values between selected tenth-grade Thai girls in Bangkok and Chiangmai, Thailand Author: Sitthiphong, Bularat Suvarnabriksha Purpose This study was designed to determine and compare the work values held by tenth-grade Thai girls in Bangkok and Chiangmai, Thailand, in order to lay the groundwork for a more systematic approach to career counseling and curriculum planning in the Thai school system. Procedures D. E. Super's work values inventory (WVI) was selected as the research instrument and was translated into Thai for this study. A personal questionnaire was designed and developed by the investigator. During January and February 1980, the WVI and the personal questionnaire were administered to 381 selected tenth-grade Thai girls in Bangkok, and to 390 selected tenth-grade Thai girls in Chiangmai. The demographic data was analyzed and one-way analysis of variance was used in testing null hypotheses in the items of the WVI. The F statistic and t-test, with a 0.05 level of significance, were used to examine differences among the mean scores and to determine the confidence intervals. Findings The following findings were drawn from this study: 1. There were statistically significant differences in the work values identified as "management", "achievement", "altruism", and "intellectual stimulation" between the selected tenth-grade Thai girls in Bangkok and those in Chiangmai. 2. The comparative demographic data showed the following similarities in total sample of the selected tenth-grade Thai girls in Bangkok and Chiangmai: 97.41% were Buddhists, 86.25% were native Thai, and 75.10% were from families whose income was higher than the average per capita income in Thailand. 3. The range of estimated work value mean scores of all tenth-grade Thai girls in Chiangmai for the scale "security" had the highest variation, whereas the range of estimated work value mean scores of all tenth-grade Thai girls in Chiangmai for scale "independence" had the lowest variation, among the 15 scales in the WVI. Recommendations 1. A questionnaire designed to test work values of Thai students should be developed in Thai for Thai students. A questionnaire designed for American students which is translated from English into the Thai language may not adequately test the work values of Thai students. 2. A follow-up study to determine the influences of age, sex, family socioeconomic background, scholastic ability, race or ethnic background, and religion on work values among Thai students should be conducted. 3. The work values of each student should be considered by the high school counselors in order to better help the student plan future study and career possibilities. 4. An examination of differences in career development and career decision-making should be made between those students tested for work values and those students who are not tested. 5. A longitudinal study should be conducted to determine the stability of work values of students between elementary school and college. 6. Additional research should be developed to compare and determine work values of students in other parts of Thailand, including the South and Northeast. 7. Replication of this study with other grade levels of students should be conducted. 8. Further studies about the change which occurs among Thai women, such as the change in values, attitudes, lifestyle and employment status, should be done. 9. Additional investigation also should be conducted to determine reasons why the result of the work value "management" conflicts with the result of the work value "intellectual stimulation" between the selected tenth-grade Thai girls in Bangkok and Chiangmai in the present study. 10. Further investigation should be conducted to determine how and why Bangkok tenth-grade girls are more intangible in orientation to work than are Chiangmai's girls. Title: A comparative study of work values between selected tenth-grade Thai girls in Bangkok and Chiangmai, Thailand Author: Sitthiphong, Bularat Suvarnabriksha Purpose This study was designed to determine and compare the work values held by tenth-grade Thai girls in Bangkok and Chiangmai, Thailand, in order to lay the groundwork for a more systematic approach to career counseling and curriculum planning in the Thai school system. Procedures D. E. Super's work values inventory (WVI) was selected as the research instrument and was translated into Thai for this study. A personal questionnaire was designed and developed by the investigator. During January and February 1980, the WVI and the personal questionnaire were administered to 381 selected tenth-grade Thai girls in Bangkok, and to 390 selected tenth-grade Thai girls in Chiangmai. The demographic data was analyzed and one-way analysis of variance was used in testing null hypotheses in the items of the WVI. The F statistic and t-test, with a 0.05 level of significance, were used to examine differences among the mean scores and to determine the confidence intervals. Findings The following findings were drawn from this study: 1. There were statistically significant differences in the work values identified as "management", "achievement", "altruism", and "intellectual stimulation" between the selected tenth-grade Thai girls in Bangkok and those in Chiangmai. 2. The comparative demographic data showed the following similarities in total sample of the selected tenth-grade Thai girls in Bangkok and Chiangmai: 97.41% were Buddhists, 86.25% were native Thai, and 75.10% were from families whose income was higher than the average per capita income in Thailand. 3. The range of estimated work value mean scores of all tenth-grade Thai girls in Chiangmai for the scale "security" had the highest variation, whereas the range of estimated work value mean scores of all tenth-grade Thai girls in Chiangmai for scale "independence" had the lowest variation, among the 15 scales in the WVI. Recommendations 1. A questionnaire designed to test work values of Thai students should be developed in Thai for Thai students. A questionnaire designed for American students which is translated from English into the Thai language may not adequately test the work values of Thai students. 2. A follow-up study to determine the influences of age, sex, family socioeconomic background, scholastic ability, race or ethnic background, and religion on work values among Thai students should be conducted. 3. The work values of each student should be considered by the high school counselors in order to better help the student plan future study and career possibilities. 4. An examination of differences in career development and career decision-making should be made between those students tested for work values and those students who are not tested. 5. A longitudinal study should be conducted to determine the stability of work values of students between elementary school and college. 6. Additional research should be developed to compare and determine work values of students in other parts of Thailand, including the South and Northeast. 7. Replication of this study with other grade levels of students should be conducted. 8. Further studies about the change which occurs among Thai women, such as the change in values, attitudes, lifestyle and employment status, should be done. 9. Additional investigation also should be conducted to determine reasons why the result of the work value "management" conflicts with the result of the work value "intellectual stimulation" between the selected tenth-grade Thai girls in Bangkok and Chiangmai in the present study. 10. Further investigation should be conducted to determine how and why Bangkok tenth-grade girls are more intangible in orientation to work than are Chiangmai's girls. Close

• 663. [Article] The Relationship Between Immigrant Status and Secondary and Postsecondary Attainment in Secondary Students

  The American School Counseling Association’s Code of Ethics states that counselors and counselor trainees must be competent providers of multicultural counseling, able to practice effectively with clients ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The Relationship Between Immigrant Status and Secondary and Postsecondary Attainment in Secondary Students Author: Haviland, Samantha L. The American School Counseling Association’s Code of Ethics states that counselors and counselor trainees must be competent providers of multicultural counseling, able to practice effectively with clients whose identities differ from their own. Pre-service school counselors receive very little training around immigration status and how to work with clients who migrate from different countries and cultures. School counselors, counselor educators and pre-service counselors are also asked to seek out current, relevant research to provide a basis for the interventions and treatment offered to clients. Recent literature in school counseling has identified educational gaps among individuals who identify as, or are identified as, ethnic minorities. Higher rates of high school dropout and lower rates of postsecondary education matriculation have been found in immigrant samples as compared to nonimmigrant samples. However, existing articles are limited by: (a) sample sizes, (b) access to secondary student data, and (c) limited school counselor interventions. Additionally, school counselors and counselor educators have not researched these differences in immigration and graduation or postsecondary aspirations. To address this gap three research questions were explored. The first question asked what was the relationship between certain resiliency skills and immigrant status of middle school students. Results indicated a small but significant relationship between immigrant status and the skills of wellbeing and understanding the importance of education. The second research question queried as to whether a relationship exists between immigrant student contact with a school counselor and college as a post-secondary plan in high school. The results indicated a significant but small negative relationship between immigrant students meeting with a school counselor on career and college planning and college as a postsecondary plan. The third research question inquired as to whether a relationship exists between immigrant status and utilization of a school counselor for career and college planning in high school. The results indicated a small but significant positive relationship between immigrant status and utilization of a school counselor for career and college planning. The primary implication that emerged from the aforementioned research was that school counselors should be especially in tuned to the needs of immigrant students as their skills and needs may differ from native born students. Additionally, students who immigrate should be given an opportunity to meet individually with their school counselor for both wellbeing and career and college related topics. Title: The Relationship Between Immigrant Status and Secondary and Postsecondary Attainment in Secondary Students Author: Haviland, Samantha L. The American School Counseling Association’s Code of Ethics states that counselors and counselor trainees must be competent providers of multicultural counseling, able to practice effectively with clients whose identities differ from their own. Pre-service school counselors receive very little training around immigration status and how to work with clients who migrate from different countries and cultures. School counselors, counselor educators and pre-service counselors are also asked to seek out current, relevant research to provide a basis for the interventions and treatment offered to clients. Recent literature in school counseling has identified educational gaps among individuals who identify as, or are identified as, ethnic minorities. Higher rates of high school dropout and lower rates of postsecondary education matriculation have been found in immigrant samples as compared to nonimmigrant samples. However, existing articles are limited by: (a) sample sizes, (b) access to secondary student data, and (c) limited school counselor interventions. Additionally, school counselors and counselor educators have not researched these differences in immigration and graduation or postsecondary aspirations. To address this gap three research questions were explored. The first question asked what was the relationship between certain resiliency skills and immigrant status of middle school students. Results indicated a small but significant relationship between immigrant status and the skills of wellbeing and understanding the importance of education. The second research question queried as to whether a relationship exists between immigrant student contact with a school counselor and college as a post-secondary plan in high school. The results indicated a significant but small negative relationship between immigrant students meeting with a school counselor on career and college planning and college as a postsecondary plan. The third research question inquired as to whether a relationship exists between immigrant status and utilization of a school counselor for career and college planning in high school. The results indicated a small but significant positive relationship between immigrant status and utilization of a school counselor for career and college planning. The primary implication that emerged from the aforementioned research was that school counselors should be especially in tuned to the needs of immigrant students as their skills and needs may differ from native born students. Additionally, students who immigrate should be given an opportunity to meet individually with their school counselor for both wellbeing and career and college related topics. Close

• 664. [Article] Second Language Acquisition in 6- to 8-Year-Old Native Spanish-Speaking Children: ERP Studies of Phonological Awareness, Semantics, and Syntax

  Most people in the world and about a fifth of all school-aged Americans speak at least two languages. Nevertheless, little is known about second language (L2) processing in development, even though language ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Second Language Acquisition in 6- to 8-Year-Old Native Spanish-Speaking Children: ERP Studies of Phonological Awareness, Semantics, and Syntax Author: Andersson, Annika Year: 2012, 2014 Most people in the world and about a fifth of all school-aged Americans speak at least two languages. Nevertheless, little is known about second language (L2) processing in development, even though language proficiency is strongly related to success in almost all domains. Whereas behavioral studies of L2 acquisition in children are abundant, neurocognitive studies of L2 processing typically are limited to adults with several years of exposure, who may use general cognitive mechanisms to compensate for any difficulties in L2 processing. Research on bilingual adults suggests that age of acquisition (AoA) and proficiency have different effects on different aspects of L2 processing. The present study therefore recorded event-related brain potentials (ERPs) in order to index processes of phonological awareness (Rhyming effect: RE), semantics (N400), and syntax (LAN, P600) in bilingual and monolingual children 6-8 years of age. Even though behaviorally, bilingual children with an average AoA of 4 years had lower English proficiency than monolingual children, proficiency predicted similar differences in ERPs across groups: greater proficiency was linked with shorter latencies and higher amplitudes of all ERP components. Latency in these cases represents speed of processing while amplitude of ERP effects in children can be thought of as an indication of detection of the introduced violations. The appearance of the anterior rhyming effect, latency of the posterior rhyming effect, along with the distribution of the anterior ERP effect for phrase structure violations were related to AoA. More specifically, bilingual 6- to 8-year olds of higher English proficiency processed rhyming nonwords slower than 3- to 5-year-old monolingual children, which could have a strong impact on later vocabulary acquisition. Differences across lingualism groups in distribution of the anterior negativity elicited by phrase structure violations could indicate different neural generators for processing of syntax. Noteworthy is that differences in processing as illustrated by these ERP effects were recorded even though in both these cases bilingual children's English proficiency were within the normal range expected of monolingual children of similar age. Early acquisition was thus important for processing of rhyming and for more automatic syntactic processing as revealed by differences in the anterior negativity. Title: Second Language Acquisition in 6- to 8-Year-Old Native Spanish-Speaking Children: ERP Studies of Phonological Awareness, Semantics, and Syntax Author: Andersson, Annika Year: 2012, 2014 Most people in the world and about a fifth of all school-aged Americans speak at least two languages. Nevertheless, little is known about second language (L2) processing in development, even though language proficiency is strongly related to success in almost all domains. Whereas behavioral studies of L2 acquisition in children are abundant, neurocognitive studies of L2 processing typically are limited to adults with several years of exposure, who may use general cognitive mechanisms to compensate for any difficulties in L2 processing. Research on bilingual adults suggests that age of acquisition (AoA) and proficiency have different effects on different aspects of L2 processing. The present study therefore recorded event-related brain potentials (ERPs) in order to index processes of phonological awareness (Rhyming effect: RE), semantics (N400), and syntax (LAN, P600) in bilingual and monolingual children 6-8 years of age. Even though behaviorally, bilingual children with an average AoA of 4 years had lower English proficiency than monolingual children, proficiency predicted similar differences in ERPs across groups: greater proficiency was linked with shorter latencies and higher amplitudes of all ERP components. Latency in these cases represents speed of processing while amplitude of ERP effects in children can be thought of as an indication of detection of the introduced violations. The appearance of the anterior rhyming effect, latency of the posterior rhyming effect, along with the distribution of the anterior ERP effect for phrase structure violations were related to AoA. More specifically, bilingual 6- to 8-year olds of higher English proficiency processed rhyming nonwords slower than 3- to 5-year-old monolingual children, which could have a strong impact on later vocabulary acquisition. Differences across lingualism groups in distribution of the anterior negativity elicited by phrase structure violations could indicate different neural generators for processing of syntax. Noteworthy is that differences in processing as illustrated by these ERP effects were recorded even though in both these cases bilingual children's English proficiency were within the normal range expected of monolingual children of similar age. Early acquisition was thus important for processing of rhyming and for more automatic syntactic processing as revealed by differences in the anterior negativity. Close

• 665. [Article] First Report of Phytophthora occultans Causing Root and Collar Rot on Ceanothus, Boxwood, Rhododendron, and Other Hosts in Horticultural Nurseries in Oregon, USA

  To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published news item is copyrighted by American ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: First Report of Phytophthora occultans Causing Root and Collar Rot on Ceanothus, Boxwood, Rhododendron, and Other Hosts in Horticultural Nurseries in Oregon, USA Author: Goheen, E. M., Grünwald, N. J., Fieland, V. J., Sutton, W., Reeser, P. W., Hansen, E. M. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published news item is copyrighted by American Phytopathological Society and can be found at: http://apsjournals.apsnet.org/loi/pdis Title: First Report of Phytophthora occultans Causing Root and Collar Rot on Ceanothus, Boxwood, Rhododendron, and Other Hosts in Horticultural Nurseries in Oregon, USA Author: Goheen, E. M., Grünwald, N. J., Fieland, V. J., Sutton, W., Reeser, P. W., Hansen, E. M. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published news item is copyrighted by American Phytopathological Society and can be found at: http://apsjournals.apsnet.org/loi/pdis Close

• 666. [Article] Forestry

  Posted by permission of Cambridge Scientific Abstracts (CSA). (c) CSA 2011. All rights reserved.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Forestry Author: Avery, Bonnie E. Posted by permission of Cambridge Scientific Abstracts (CSA). (c) CSA 2011. All rights reserved. Title: Forestry Author: Avery, Bonnie E. Posted by permission of Cambridge Scientific Abstracts (CSA). (c) CSA 2011. All rights reserved. Close

• 667. [Article] Landsat-based monitoring of annual wetland change in the main-stem Willamette River floodplain of Oregon, USA from 1972 to 2012

  Despite holding substantial ecological value, wetlands in the United States have experienced a significant decline in both area and function over the past century with the majority of freshwater wetland ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Landsat-based monitoring of annual wetland change in the main-stem Willamette River floodplain of Oregon, USA from 1972 to 2012 Author: Fickas, Kate, Colleen Despite holding substantial ecological value, wetlands in the United States have experienced a significant decline in both area and function over the past century with the majority of freshwater wetland loss attributed to agricultural conversion. Agriculture is the second largest industry in the State of Oregon and the State places substantial emphasis in its land use planning goals on the preservation of agricultural land. Oregon’s Willamette Valley accounts for the majority of agricultural output with 53% of the valley bottom classified as agricultural land. Additionally, the valley houses 70% of the state's population. The valley was once comprised of extensive wet prairies and abundant riparian forests along the Willamette River floodplain, but native ecosystems have been reduced to a fraction of their original distribution since Euro-American settlement in the mid 1800s. The few wetlands that remain are at high risk to loss and degradation from agricultural activity. Following national wetland conservation policies, Oregon has since attempted to monitor and regulate losses due to disturbance and modification of the State's remaining wetlands through a "no-net-loss" policy aiming to decrease wetland losses and replace disturbed wetlands through mitigation. The National Wetlands Inventory (NWI) was designed to produce detailed maps and status reports of the characteristics and extent of the nation's wetlands and help determine the efficacy of no-net-loss policy implementation on the nation’s wetlands. In some cases, the NWI has been found to have low categorical and spatial accuracy and coarse temporal resolution, with some maps over two decades old. Although Landsat satellite imagery was originally found to lack the needed spatial resolution for classification detail and wetness designation that aerial photography provided, Landsat has 40 years of freely available, high quality annual imagery and should be explored for use in annual wetland change detection. Our objectives were to: (1) Quantify and characterize spatial and ecological trends in annual wetland change through gain, loss, and conversion in the Willamette Valley; (2) Evaluate the effect of the no-net-loss federal wetland conservation policy change enacted in 1990 on trends in net wetland area; and (3) Describe a new methodology that reaches back through the over 40-year Landsat archive to map fine scale wetland and related land-use changes from 1972-2012. We used annual Landsat MSS and TM/ETM+ images from 1972 to 2012 to manually interpret loss, gain, and type conversion of wetland area in the two-year inundation floodplain of the Main-Stem Willamette River using TimeSync, Google Earth, and ArcMap. By creating Tasseled Cap Brightness, Greenness, and Wetness indices for MSS data that visually match TM/ETM+ Tasseled Cap images, we were able to construct a complete and consistent annual time series and utilize the entire Landsat archive. Additionally, with an extended time series, we were able to compare trends of annual net change in wetland area before and after the no-net-loss policy established under Section 404 of the Clean Water Act in 1990. We found that wetlands experienced annual loss, gain, and type conversion across the entire study period. Vegetated wetlands (emergent and riparian wetlands) experienced a 314 ha net loss of wetland area across the 40 year study period whereas non-vegetated wetlands (lacustrine and riverine wetlands) experienced a 393 ha net gain. All wetland types combined saw a 79 ha net increase in wetland area across the full study period. The majority of both gain and loss in the study area was attributed to and from agricultural conversion followed by urban land use. Time series analysis of the rate of change of net wetland area was calculated using the Theil-Sen (TS) Slope estimate analysis. For annual change of wetland area before and after 1990 no-net-loss policy implementations, the rate of annual wetland area lost slowed for riparian wetlands and reversed into trends of annual net gain in area of emergent wetlands. The rate of annual net area gained for lacustrine wetlands was slowed post-policy. Accuracy assessment of land use change polygons in the field was only able to capture 12% of our interpretations due to access restrictions associated with private land. In spite of a low sample size (n=45), overall accuracy of land use classification through wetland change polygons was at 80%. This accuracy increased to 91.1% when land use classes were aggregated to either wetland or upland categories, indicating that our methodology was more accurate at distinguishing between general upland and wetland than finer categorical classes. Title: Landsat-based monitoring of annual wetland change in the main-stem Willamette River floodplain of Oregon, USA from 1972 to 2012 Author: Fickas, Kate, Colleen Despite holding substantial ecological value, wetlands in the United States have experienced a significant decline in both area and function over the past century with the majority of freshwater wetland loss attributed to agricultural conversion. Agriculture is the second largest industry in the State of Oregon and the State places substantial emphasis in its land use planning goals on the preservation of agricultural land. Oregon’s Willamette Valley accounts for the majority of agricultural output with 53% of the valley bottom classified as agricultural land. Additionally, the valley houses 70% of the state's population. The valley was once comprised of extensive wet prairies and abundant riparian forests along the Willamette River floodplain, but native ecosystems have been reduced to a fraction of their original distribution since Euro-American settlement in the mid 1800s. The few wetlands that remain are at high risk to loss and degradation from agricultural activity. Following national wetland conservation policies, Oregon has since attempted to monitor and regulate losses due to disturbance and modification of the State's remaining wetlands through a "no-net-loss" policy aiming to decrease wetland losses and replace disturbed wetlands through mitigation. The National Wetlands Inventory (NWI) was designed to produce detailed maps and status reports of the characteristics and extent of the nation's wetlands and help determine the efficacy of no-net-loss policy implementation on the nation’s wetlands. In some cases, the NWI has been found to have low categorical and spatial accuracy and coarse temporal resolution, with some maps over two decades old. Although Landsat satellite imagery was originally found to lack the needed spatial resolution for classification detail and wetness designation that aerial photography provided, Landsat has 40 years of freely available, high quality annual imagery and should be explored for use in annual wetland change detection. Our objectives were to: (1) Quantify and characterize spatial and ecological trends in annual wetland change through gain, loss, and conversion in the Willamette Valley; (2) Evaluate the effect of the no-net-loss federal wetland conservation policy change enacted in 1990 on trends in net wetland area; and (3) Describe a new methodology that reaches back through the over 40-year Landsat archive to map fine scale wetland and related land-use changes from 1972-2012. We used annual Landsat MSS and TM/ETM+ images from 1972 to 2012 to manually interpret loss, gain, and type conversion of wetland area in the two-year inundation floodplain of the Main-Stem Willamette River using TimeSync, Google Earth, and ArcMap. By creating Tasseled Cap Brightness, Greenness, and Wetness indices for MSS data that visually match TM/ETM+ Tasseled Cap images, we were able to construct a complete and consistent annual time series and utilize the entire Landsat archive. Additionally, with an extended time series, we were able to compare trends of annual net change in wetland area before and after the no-net-loss policy established under Section 404 of the Clean Water Act in 1990. We found that wetlands experienced annual loss, gain, and type conversion across the entire study period. Vegetated wetlands (emergent and riparian wetlands) experienced a 314 ha net loss of wetland area across the 40 year study period whereas non-vegetated wetlands (lacustrine and riverine wetlands) experienced a 393 ha net gain. All wetland types combined saw a 79 ha net increase in wetland area across the full study period. The majority of both gain and loss in the study area was attributed to and from agricultural conversion followed by urban land use. Time series analysis of the rate of change of net wetland area was calculated using the Theil-Sen (TS) Slope estimate analysis. For annual change of wetland area before and after 1990 no-net-loss policy implementations, the rate of annual wetland area lost slowed for riparian wetlands and reversed into trends of annual net gain in area of emergent wetlands. The rate of annual net area gained for lacustrine wetlands was slowed post-policy. Accuracy assessment of land use change polygons in the field was only able to capture 12% of our interpretations due to access restrictions associated with private land. In spite of a low sample size (n=45), overall accuracy of land use classification through wetland change polygons was at 80%. This accuracy increased to 91.1% when land use classes were aggregated to either wetland or upland categories, indicating that our methodology was more accurate at distinguishing between general upland and wetland than finer categorical classes. Close

• 668. [Article] Greater Sage-grouse conservation assessment and strategy for Oregon: A plan to maintain and enhance populations and habitat

  Greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) were once found in most grassland and sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) habitats east of the Cascades in Oregon. European settlement and conversion of sagebrush ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Greater Sage-grouse conservation assessment and strategy for Oregon: A plan to maintain and enhance populations and habitat Author: Hagen, Christian Greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) were once found in most grassland and sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) habitats east of the Cascades in Oregon. European settlement and conversion of sagebrush steppe into agricultural production led to extirpation of the species in the Columbia Basin by the early part of the 1900s, but sagebrush rangelands have persisted, particularly in southeast Oregon. Populations have fluctuated markedly since the mid 1900s with notable declines in populations from the 1950s to early 1970s. These patterns in populations and habitat loss are similar to those observed for greater sage-grouse throughout its range. Population declines during the latter part of the 1900s lead to considerable concern for the species and subsequent conservation planning in all western states where it occurs. This management strategy is a result of this larger conservation effort by the Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies. This updated and revised Plan describes Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife’s management of greater sage-grouse and provides guidance to public land management agencies and land managers for sage-grouse conservation. Conservation actions should be encouraged on private lands as these contain some of the more productive sites, but conservation on private land is voluntary. Highlights of updates. Population goals have been revised based on statistically more robust methods for estimating population sizes. Accomplishments in conservation, research, and monitoring that have occurred since 2005 are discussed. The Core Area approach to strategically identifying important landscapes for sage-grouse is explained in detail from model development to implementation. Finally, there have been numerous publications on sage-grouse since 2005 and that literature has been updated to the document where appropriate. This management strategy and the supporting background information is intended to promote the conservation of greater sage-grouse and intact functioning sagebrush communities in Oregon. The strategy is tied to the life history of greater sage-grouse and uses the best science available. Although this strategy focuses on conservation of greater sage-grouse, the intent is to benefit conservation needs of other sagebrush-steppe species. Oregon greater sage-grouse are important to the North American population and management actions in the state will have implications on a much larger scale. This Plan recognizes that livestock ranching operations which manage for ecologically sustainable native rangelands is compatible with sage-grouse conservation, and necessary management activities to maintain a sustainable ranching operation are not considered “development actions” under the application of the Mitigation Policy to sage-grouse habitat. This Plan provides biological recommendations for long-term conservation of sage-grouse in Oregon based on the best available science. However, ODFW recognizes that land use planners and managers may need to consider these recommendations within the context of socialeconomic issues and decisions that are the responsibility of the respective governmental bodies. Thus, the intent of this plan is to inform decision-makers regarding the biological consequences of various actions on sage-grouse, but not to dictate land management decision. This document is divided into 6 sections. Section I explains the background and philosophy of conservation approaches in this strategy. Section II provides an overview of sage-grouse biology and ecology throughout the species range. Sections III and IV provide an assessment of populations and habitat, respectively, upon which management objectives are developed and their underlying assumptions and rationale are stated. In Section V, conservation guidelines are outlined, that describe actions needed and methods for achieving habitat objectives. Section VI outlines components for Plan implementation, includes a description of the structure and role of local implementation groups, and implications for public (state and federal) land management agencies. There are 6 appendices that provide supporting information, including a new appendix about socio-economics provided by the Association of Oregon Counties. Sections III to VI of the plan were expanded, because these sections are linked to the objectives and implementation of this Plan. Populations and habitat were assessed by BLM district boundaries because; the availability of habitat measures by district, each district approximates an eco-region, and BLM is the primary land manager within most of the district boundaries. The 23 years 1980-2003 are the relevant time period to establish a benchmark for sage-grouse populations and their habitats, because the factors of predator control methods (and take levels), grazing schedules, survey protocols, habitat treatments and harvest levels of sage-grouse were similar through this period. Title: Greater Sage-grouse conservation assessment and strategy for Oregon: A plan to maintain and enhance populations and habitat Author: Hagen, Christian Greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) were once found in most grassland and sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) habitats east of the Cascades in Oregon. European settlement and conversion of sagebrush steppe into agricultural production led to extirpation of the species in the Columbia Basin by the early part of the 1900s, but sagebrush rangelands have persisted, particularly in southeast Oregon. Populations have fluctuated markedly since the mid 1900s with notable declines in populations from the 1950s to early 1970s. These patterns in populations and habitat loss are similar to those observed for greater sage-grouse throughout its range. Population declines during the latter part of the 1900s lead to considerable concern for the species and subsequent conservation planning in all western states where it occurs. This management strategy is a result of this larger conservation effort by the Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies. This updated and revised Plan describes Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife’s management of greater sage-grouse and provides guidance to public land management agencies and land managers for sage-grouse conservation. Conservation actions should be encouraged on private lands as these contain some of the more productive sites, but conservation on private land is voluntary. Highlights of updates. Population goals have been revised based on statistically more robust methods for estimating population sizes. Accomplishments in conservation, research, and monitoring that have occurred since 2005 are discussed. The Core Area approach to strategically identifying important landscapes for sage-grouse is explained in detail from model development to implementation. Finally, there have been numerous publications on sage-grouse since 2005 and that literature has been updated to the document where appropriate. This management strategy and the supporting background information is intended to promote the conservation of greater sage-grouse and intact functioning sagebrush communities in Oregon. The strategy is tied to the life history of greater sage-grouse and uses the best science available. Although this strategy focuses on conservation of greater sage-grouse, the intent is to benefit conservation needs of other sagebrush-steppe species. Oregon greater sage-grouse are important to the North American population and management actions in the state will have implications on a much larger scale. This Plan recognizes that livestock ranching operations which manage for ecologically sustainable native rangelands is compatible with sage-grouse conservation, and necessary management activities to maintain a sustainable ranching operation are not considered “development actions” under the application of the Mitigation Policy to sage-grouse habitat. This Plan provides biological recommendations for long-term conservation of sage-grouse in Oregon based on the best available science. However, ODFW recognizes that land use planners and managers may need to consider these recommendations within the context of socialeconomic issues and decisions that are the responsibility of the respective governmental bodies. Thus, the intent of this plan is to inform decision-makers regarding the biological consequences of various actions on sage-grouse, but not to dictate land management decision. This document is divided into 6 sections. Section I explains the background and philosophy of conservation approaches in this strategy. Section II provides an overview of sage-grouse biology and ecology throughout the species range. Sections III and IV provide an assessment of populations and habitat, respectively, upon which management objectives are developed and their underlying assumptions and rationale are stated. In Section V, conservation guidelines are outlined, that describe actions needed and methods for achieving habitat objectives. Section VI outlines components for Plan implementation, includes a description of the structure and role of local implementation groups, and implications for public (state and federal) land management agencies. There are 6 appendices that provide supporting information, including a new appendix about socio-economics provided by the Association of Oregon Counties. Sections III to VI of the plan were expanded, because these sections are linked to the objectives and implementation of this Plan. Populations and habitat were assessed by BLM district boundaries because; the availability of habitat measures by district, each district approximates an eco-region, and BLM is the primary land manager within most of the district boundaries. The 23 years 1980-2003 are the relevant time period to establish a benchmark for sage-grouse populations and their habitats, because the factors of predator control methods (and take levels), grazing schedules, survey protocols, habitat treatments and harvest levels of sage-grouse were similar through this period. Close

• 669. [Article] Forestry

  Posted by permission of Cambridge Scientific Abstracts (CSA). (c) CSA 2009. All rights reserved.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Forestry Author: Avery, Bonnie E. Posted by permission of Cambridge Scientific Abstracts (CSA). (c) CSA 2009. All rights reserved. Title: Forestry Author: Avery, Bonnie E. Posted by permission of Cambridge Scientific Abstracts (CSA). (c) CSA 2009. All rights reserved. Close

• 670. [Article] Forestry

  Posted by permission of Cambridge Scientific Abstracts (CSA). (c) CSA 2007. All rights reserved.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Forestry Author: Avery, Bonnie E. Posted by permission of Cambridge Scientific Abstracts (CSA). (c) CSA 2007. All rights reserved. Title: Forestry Author: Avery, Bonnie E. Posted by permission of Cambridge Scientific Abstracts (CSA). (c) CSA 2007. All rights reserved. Close