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• 1421. [Article] Precipitation characteristics for landslide hazard assessment for the central Oregon Coast Range

  Precipitation data from 1988-1995 for 13 rain gauges of the Department of Forest Engineering rain gauge network, and a longer precipitation record, 1976-1995, at Mapleton were analyzed. The objectives ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Precipitation characteristics for landslide hazard assessment for the central Oregon Coast Range Author: Surfleet, Christopher G. Precipitation data from 1988-1995 for 13 rain gauges of the Department of Forest Engineering rain gauge network, and a longer precipitation record, 1976-1995, at Mapleton were analyzed. The objectives were to assess the spatial and temporal distribution of precipitation intensity and antecedent precipitation, and understand the role of these characteristics for triggering debris slides from headwalls in the central Oregon Coast Range. Frequency distribution curves and recurrence intervals using a partial-duration series were calculated for the maximum 5-minute, 30 minute, 1 hour, 2 hour, 6 hour precipitation durations and antecedent precipitation index (API) for the rain gauge network and the maximum 1 hour and 2 hour precipitation durations for Mapleton. Isohyet lines showing selected 2-year precipitation intensities and API were used to characterize the spatial distribution of precipitation intensity and API across the central Oregon Coast Range. The effect of elevation on this spatial distribution was investigated. An attempt to quantify the occurrence of high intensity precipitation occurring with high antecedent precipitation, which is hypothesized to trigger debris slides, was done by testing if the highest precipitation intensities (greater than a 1 -year recurrence interval) occurred during the storms with the highest API. API and precipitation intensity were tested for correlation to discern if a particular precipitation duration could be used to predict API, thus make it possible to use a precipitation intensity based threshold to assess the general hazard of landslides. Precipitation intensities associated with selected recurrence intervals vary considerably over the study area. Precipitation values for selected durations and recurrence intervals could vary as much as 50% or larger for selected rain gauge locations. Precipitation intensities are higher in the central portion of the study area, centered around the ridges of the Siuslaw River watershed, with decreasing intensity toward the northern and southern boundaries possibly due to topographic influences. Higher API values are found more frequent where the high precipitation intensity spatial trends exists. Relationships between short duration precipitation intensities with elevation, and API with elevation, within the rain gauge network could not be determined. No single precipitation intensity, including total storm precipitation, showed a strong positive correlation with high API for the entire rain gauge network. It appears that any attempts to predict the precipitation characteristics which trigger headwall failure by a precipitation intensity threshold in the central Oregon Coast Range is not possible. Attempts to assess the risk of headwall failure by high API may be possible. High precipitation intensities occurred with high antecedent precipitation conditions and they occur at the highest antecedent precipitation conditions. Title: Precipitation characteristics for landslide hazard assessment for the central Oregon Coast Range Author: Surfleet, Christopher G. Precipitation data from 1988-1995 for 13 rain gauges of the Department of Forest Engineering rain gauge network, and a longer precipitation record, 1976-1995, at Mapleton were analyzed. The objectives were to assess the spatial and temporal distribution of precipitation intensity and antecedent precipitation, and understand the role of these characteristics for triggering debris slides from headwalls in the central Oregon Coast Range. Frequency distribution curves and recurrence intervals using a partial-duration series were calculated for the maximum 5-minute, 30 minute, 1 hour, 2 hour, 6 hour precipitation durations and antecedent precipitation index (API) for the rain gauge network and the maximum 1 hour and 2 hour precipitation durations for Mapleton. Isohyet lines showing selected 2-year precipitation intensities and API were used to characterize the spatial distribution of precipitation intensity and API across the central Oregon Coast Range. The effect of elevation on this spatial distribution was investigated. An attempt to quantify the occurrence of high intensity precipitation occurring with high antecedent precipitation, which is hypothesized to trigger debris slides, was done by testing if the highest precipitation intensities (greater than a 1 -year recurrence interval) occurred during the storms with the highest API. API and precipitation intensity were tested for correlation to discern if a particular precipitation duration could be used to predict API, thus make it possible to use a precipitation intensity based threshold to assess the general hazard of landslides. Precipitation intensities associated with selected recurrence intervals vary considerably over the study area. Precipitation values for selected durations and recurrence intervals could vary as much as 50% or larger for selected rain gauge locations. Precipitation intensities are higher in the central portion of the study area, centered around the ridges of the Siuslaw River watershed, with decreasing intensity toward the northern and southern boundaries possibly due to topographic influences. Higher API values are found more frequent where the high precipitation intensity spatial trends exists. Relationships between short duration precipitation intensities with elevation, and API with elevation, within the rain gauge network could not be determined. No single precipitation intensity, including total storm precipitation, showed a strong positive correlation with high API for the entire rain gauge network. It appears that any attempts to predict the precipitation characteristics which trigger headwall failure by a precipitation intensity threshold in the central Oregon Coast Range is not possible. Attempts to assess the risk of headwall failure by high API may be possible. High precipitation intensities occurred with high antecedent precipitation conditions and they occur at the highest antecedent precipitation conditions. Close

• 1422. [Article] Distribution, abundance, and emigration of juvenile steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss), and analysis of stream habitat in the Steamboat Creek Basin, Oregon

  Snorkel dive estimates and an inventory of stream habitat of the juvenile steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) population in the Steamboat Creek basin were made in the summers of 1987 and 1988. Emigration was monitored ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Distribution, abundance, and emigration of juvenile steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss), and analysis of stream habitat in the Steamboat Creek Basin, Oregon Author: Dambacher, Jeffrey M. Snorkel dive estimates and an inventory of stream habitat of the juvenile steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) population in the Steamboat Creek basin were made in the summers of 1987 and 1988. Emigration was monitored by fish trapping from spring through fall of 1988. Distribution, abundance, and habitat utilization of juvenile steelhead were affected by stream size and temperature. The majority (65%) of age >1 fish were in two mainstem channels, whereas numbers of age 0 fish were more evenly distributed throughout the basin. Age >1 fish significantly (P<O.005) increased their use of riffles with depth, and avoided shallow riffles. Where riffles were apparently too shallow, age >1 steelhead utilized pool habitat to a greater extent. Age >1 steelhead greatly avoided glides in all sizes of channels. Age 0 steelhead appeared to be less restricted in their choice of habitat than age >1 fish. Age 0 fish, presumably by virtue of a smaller body size, showed only slightly increased use of riffles with depth. Both age 0 and >1 steelhead increased their use of riffles in streams with higher temperature regimes. Densities of age >1 fish in channels with large boulder substrate increased significantly (p=O.02) with mean riffle depth, probably as a function of more wetted area being useable in streams with deep riffles, and more feeding microhabitats being afforded by rough channels. Densities of age 0 fish did not appear to be affected by the range of stream sizes studied, or by channel roughness, but were low in all channels with high stream temperatures. Compared to other steelhead producing streams, Steamboat Creek had low summer rearing densities, small smolts, and an exceptionally high proportion of fish emigrating as parr (considered to be at least one year away from development of smolt characteristics). Roughly 120,000 age 0 steelhead, 60,000 parr, and 4,100 steelhead smolts were estimated to have emigrated from the basin. Most parr emigrated in the spring when stream flows were high, whereas the majority of age 0 fish emigrated during summer base flow recession. I suggest that parr emigration from Steamboat Creek may be a life history adaptation that takes advantage of rearing conditions downstream in the North Umpqua River. Title: Distribution, abundance, and emigration of juvenile steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss), and analysis of stream habitat in the Steamboat Creek Basin, Oregon Author: Dambacher, Jeffrey M. Snorkel dive estimates and an inventory of stream habitat of the juvenile steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) population in the Steamboat Creek basin were made in the summers of 1987 and 1988. Emigration was monitored by fish trapping from spring through fall of 1988. Distribution, abundance, and habitat utilization of juvenile steelhead were affected by stream size and temperature. The majority (65%) of age >1 fish were in two mainstem channels, whereas numbers of age 0 fish were more evenly distributed throughout the basin. Age >1 fish significantly (P<O.005) increased their use of riffles with depth, and avoided shallow riffles. Where riffles were apparently too shallow, age >1 steelhead utilized pool habitat to a greater extent. Age >1 steelhead greatly avoided glides in all sizes of channels. Age 0 steelhead appeared to be less restricted in their choice of habitat than age >1 fish. Age 0 fish, presumably by virtue of a smaller body size, showed only slightly increased use of riffles with depth. Both age 0 and >1 steelhead increased their use of riffles in streams with higher temperature regimes. Densities of age >1 fish in channels with large boulder substrate increased significantly (p=O.02) with mean riffle depth, probably as a function of more wetted area being useable in streams with deep riffles, and more feeding microhabitats being afforded by rough channels. Densities of age 0 fish did not appear to be affected by the range of stream sizes studied, or by channel roughness, but were low in all channels with high stream temperatures. Compared to other steelhead producing streams, Steamboat Creek had low summer rearing densities, small smolts, and an exceptionally high proportion of fish emigrating as parr (considered to be at least one year away from development of smolt characteristics). Roughly 120,000 age 0 steelhead, 60,000 parr, and 4,100 steelhead smolts were estimated to have emigrated from the basin. Most parr emigrated in the spring when stream flows were high, whereas the majority of age 0 fish emigrated during summer base flow recession. I suggest that parr emigration from Steamboat Creek may be a life history adaptation that takes advantage of rearing conditions downstream in the North Umpqua River. Close

• 1423. [Article] Spatial patterns of fuel management activities and their effects on wildfire behavior

  Fuel management has been used as an effective local strategy to reduce the undesirable consequences of wildfires. Many efforts toward scheduling of fuel management activities across a broader landscape ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Spatial patterns of fuel management activities and their effects on wildfire behavior Author: Kim, Young-Hwan Fuel management has been used as an effective local strategy to reduce the undesirable consequences of wildfires. Many efforts toward scheduling of fuel management activities across a broader landscape have been proposed, with the hope of achieving larger landscape-scale management effects. However, scheduling of fuel management treatments across the broader landscape is limited by understandings of how individual management activities aggregate to larger scales and how they affect the behavior of wildfires. Since full coverage of a landscape with fuels management treatments is unlikely, it is necessary to examine the effects of a spatial pattern of individual management activities at the landscape scale. In this research, four spatial patterns of fuel management activities – dispersed, clumped, random, and regular – were tested to investigate their potential for reducing the risk of severe wildfire. A new methodology was developed for optimizing fuel management patterns across a landscape based on a heuristic technique and GIS databases. To quantify the cumulative effects of fuel management patterns for disrupting the progress of wildfires, overall flame length, fireline intensity, and fire size were measured for simulated fires, using a fire growth simulation model, FARSITE. The management scenarios generated from the scheduling model presented a variety of dispersion and treatment sizes, but also evenly distributed the harvest volume through the multi-decade time horizon. The optimized spatial patterns were qualified through visual examination as well as a statistical assessment. Through this research, I have learned that the efficiency of fuels management activities for reducing severity of wildfire is primarily influenced by treatment size, type, and intensity. Most importantly, treatment types and intensity are the critical factor to disrupt human-caused wildfires. The regular pattern seemed to be the most acceptable for either random ignitions or hypothetical human-caused ignitions. It provided the highest frequency in which simulated fires could contact the treated units, and higher treatment intensity measured by amount of harvested volume from a unit area. To enhance the results of this research, we suggest that one should utilize more feasible management prescriptions for post-fire fuel conditions, and expand ignition sources to other type of human-caused ignitions or natural-caused ignitions. Title: Spatial patterns of fuel management activities and their effects on wildfire behavior Author: Kim, Young-Hwan Fuel management has been used as an effective local strategy to reduce the undesirable consequences of wildfires. Many efforts toward scheduling of fuel management activities across a broader landscape have been proposed, with the hope of achieving larger landscape-scale management effects. However, scheduling of fuel management treatments across the broader landscape is limited by understandings of how individual management activities aggregate to larger scales and how they affect the behavior of wildfires. Since full coverage of a landscape with fuels management treatments is unlikely, it is necessary to examine the effects of a spatial pattern of individual management activities at the landscape scale. In this research, four spatial patterns of fuel management activities – dispersed, clumped, random, and regular – were tested to investigate their potential for reducing the risk of severe wildfire. A new methodology was developed for optimizing fuel management patterns across a landscape based on a heuristic technique and GIS databases. To quantify the cumulative effects of fuel management patterns for disrupting the progress of wildfires, overall flame length, fireline intensity, and fire size were measured for simulated fires, using a fire growth simulation model, FARSITE. The management scenarios generated from the scheduling model presented a variety of dispersion and treatment sizes, but also evenly distributed the harvest volume through the multi-decade time horizon. The optimized spatial patterns were qualified through visual examination as well as a statistical assessment. Through this research, I have learned that the efficiency of fuels management activities for reducing severity of wildfire is primarily influenced by treatment size, type, and intensity. Most importantly, treatment types and intensity are the critical factor to disrupt human-caused wildfires. The regular pattern seemed to be the most acceptable for either random ignitions or hypothetical human-caused ignitions. It provided the highest frequency in which simulated fires could contact the treated units, and higher treatment intensity measured by amount of harvested volume from a unit area. To enhance the results of this research, we suggest that one should utilize more feasible management prescriptions for post-fire fuel conditions, and expand ignition sources to other type of human-caused ignitions or natural-caused ignitions. Close

• 1424. [Article] Economic impact study for Detroit Lake and the Upper North Santiam Canyon

  Published May 2006. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Economic impact study for Detroit Lake and the Upper North Santiam Canyon Author: Sorte, Bruce, Buerger, Chris, Oregon State University. Extension Service Published May 2006. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog Title: Economic impact study for Detroit Lake and the Upper North Santiam Canyon Author: Sorte, Bruce, Buerger, Chris, Oregon State University. Extension Service Published May 2006. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog Close

• 1425. [Article] The effect of landscape topography and in-stream habitat on the distribution, growth, and survival of Lahontan cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki henshawi) in a high desert watershed

  Lahontan cutthroat trout (LCT) (Oncorhynchus clarki henshawi) are currently limited in their distribution to a patchwork of small isolated populations, the result of habitat degradation and natural variation ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The effect of landscape topography and in-stream habitat on the distribution, growth, and survival of Lahontan cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki henshawi) in a high desert watershed Author: Boxall, George D. Lahontan cutthroat trout (LCT) (Oncorhynchus clarki henshawi) are currently limited in their distribution to a patchwork of small isolated populations, the result of habitat degradation and natural variation in landscape and in-stream conditions. The objectives of this study were to determine how landscape level topographic features influence LCT distribution patterns. The work was carried out in a sub-basin of the Quinn River system, McDermitt Creek, which drains the sagebrush desert of southeastern Oregon and northern Nevada. Headwater tributaries of this creek consist of alternating canyon-confined and valley bounded reaches and LCT within these systems are challenged by low discharge and high temperatures during the summer, and anchor ice during the winter. Contiguous whole stream surveys were used to look at trout distribution during the summer of 2003 and spring and fall of 2004. Our results showed that topography affected LCT distribution in all reaches. LCT numbers were highest in areas with greater numbers of nick-points (the transition zones between less confined and more confined valley segments) and greater valley confinement. Additionally, in the downstream portion of our headwater reaches, more LCT were found in nick-points than expected based on the availability of this habitat type. Our data suggest that hyporheic inputs may be high in such areas, thus providing LCT with shelter from warm water in the summer, anchor ice in the winter and shallow stream depths during all seasons. Spatial occurrence of these areas of refugia can be taken into consideration when planning land-use activities and restoration efforts. After almost 30 years of conservation effort, Lahontan cutthroat trout (LCT) (Oncorhynchus clarki henshawi) populations remain in peril throughout the Great Basin region of southeastern Oregon and northern Nevada. This is not surprising since very little research has been done on the ecology of LCT, and management has been carried out without essential information on this sub-species. The objectives of our study were to determine whether there are inter-stream or inter-reach differences in LCT habitat selection, and if those differences corresponded to differences in fish survival and growth. We relied upon contiguous whole stream surveys to look at fish distribution and in-stream habitat. The use of half duplex PIT tags allowed us to determine the growth, movement patterns, and survival rates of most adult (>100 mm) LCT within the system. We found greater trout growth (median daily change in biomass 0.46% vs. 0.07%), but lower survival (35% vs. 61% between July and November), in relatively warmer and more open reaches than in cooler reaches. Additionally, undercut banks (predation shelter) were more important to trout in cooler stream reaches than in warmer ones, where habitat choice responded first to cold water input (which was influenced by topography). Our results will be useful in identifying and describing areas of high quality LCT habitat in low order streams throughout the Great Basin, thus allowing informed management decisions to facilitate the recovery of the sub-species. Title: The effect of landscape topography and in-stream habitat on the distribution, growth, and survival of Lahontan cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki henshawi) in a high desert watershed Author: Boxall, George D. Lahontan cutthroat trout (LCT) (Oncorhynchus clarki henshawi) are currently limited in their distribution to a patchwork of small isolated populations, the result of habitat degradation and natural variation in landscape and in-stream conditions. The objectives of this study were to determine how landscape level topographic features influence LCT distribution patterns. The work was carried out in a sub-basin of the Quinn River system, McDermitt Creek, which drains the sagebrush desert of southeastern Oregon and northern Nevada. Headwater tributaries of this creek consist of alternating canyon-confined and valley bounded reaches and LCT within these systems are challenged by low discharge and high temperatures during the summer, and anchor ice during the winter. Contiguous whole stream surveys were used to look at trout distribution during the summer of 2003 and spring and fall of 2004. Our results showed that topography affected LCT distribution in all reaches. LCT numbers were highest in areas with greater numbers of nick-points (the transition zones between less confined and more confined valley segments) and greater valley confinement. Additionally, in the downstream portion of our headwater reaches, more LCT were found in nick-points than expected based on the availability of this habitat type. Our data suggest that hyporheic inputs may be high in such areas, thus providing LCT with shelter from warm water in the summer, anchor ice in the winter and shallow stream depths during all seasons. Spatial occurrence of these areas of refugia can be taken into consideration when planning land-use activities and restoration efforts. After almost 30 years of conservation effort, Lahontan cutthroat trout (LCT) (Oncorhynchus clarki henshawi) populations remain in peril throughout the Great Basin region of southeastern Oregon and northern Nevada. This is not surprising since very little research has been done on the ecology of LCT, and management has been carried out without essential information on this sub-species. The objectives of our study were to determine whether there are inter-stream or inter-reach differences in LCT habitat selection, and if those differences corresponded to differences in fish survival and growth. We relied upon contiguous whole stream surveys to look at fish distribution and in-stream habitat. The use of half duplex PIT tags allowed us to determine the growth, movement patterns, and survival rates of most adult (>100 mm) LCT within the system. We found greater trout growth (median daily change in biomass 0.46% vs. 0.07%), but lower survival (35% vs. 61% between July and November), in relatively warmer and more open reaches than in cooler reaches. Additionally, undercut banks (predation shelter) were more important to trout in cooler stream reaches than in warmer ones, where habitat choice responded first to cold water input (which was influenced by topography). Our results will be useful in identifying and describing areas of high quality LCT habitat in low order streams throughout the Great Basin, thus allowing informed management decisions to facilitate the recovery of the sub-species. Close

• 1426. [Article] Subsurface geology of the southeastern Cuyama Valley, southern Coast Ranges, California

  The southeastern Cuyama Valley is located in the southern Coast Ranges, west of Bakersfield, California. Subsurface geologic mapping using data from 62 prospect wells was integrated with surface mapping to ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Subsurface geology of the southeastern Cuyama Valley, southern Coast Ranges, California Author: Spitz, Herbert M. The southeastern Cuyama Valley is located in the southern Coast Ranges, west of Bakersfield, California. Subsurface geologic mapping using data from 62 prospect wells was integrated with surface mapping to determine the depositional and deformational history of this part of the Neogene Cuyama basin. The northwest-trending Russell fault system was active from late Oligocene to Pliocene time. Deformation along this major wrench system began during deposition of the late Oligocene to early Miocene Soda Lake Shale Member of the Vaqueros Formation and ended prior to deposition of the Plio-Pleistocene Morales Formation. The southern extension of this fault system remains uncertain, but it probably joins the Ozena fault southeast of the South Cuyama oil field. Removal of 16 to 18 miles of right-lateral offset on the Russell fault system restores the Ozena fault to a position directly east of the La Panza fault. These two faults were probably a single fault, designated the La Panza-Ozena fault, which was active, north-side down, during the Oligocene. Nonmarine conglomerates of the Simmler and lower Caliente formations were deposited north of this fault during the Oligocene, prior to the initiation of notion on the Russell fault system. Three major faults of the Cox fault zone on the west and the Lundstrom-Becker and Becker-Heller faults on the east define the margins of the Cox trough, a complex north- to northeast-trending graben north of the Russell fault which was active from Saucesian through Relizian time (early Miocene). The Saltos Shale Member of the Monterey Formation increases in thickness by 3 to 7 times across the margins of the trough. Growth faulting associated with the Cox trough ended prior to deposition of the middle Johnston sand on all faults except the Cox 46-5 fault, which was active through deposition of the Branch Canyon Sandstone. Post-Pliocene tectonism in the Cuyama basin was limited to folding and reverse-faulting in response to regional north-south compression. The Central Cuyama dome and associated north-dipping reverse faults formed during an early episode of this deformation. Subsequent deformation occurred on the Morales fault, the South Cuyama fault, and the rejuvenated Ozena fault. This Quaternary thrusting obscured the structures of the older wrench-tectonic regime and resulted in the formation of the Caliente and Sierra Madre Ranges and the present-day Cuyama Valley. Title: Subsurface geology of the southeastern Cuyama Valley, southern Coast Ranges, California Author: Spitz, Herbert M. The southeastern Cuyama Valley is located in the southern Coast Ranges, west of Bakersfield, California. Subsurface geologic mapping using data from 62 prospect wells was integrated with surface mapping to determine the depositional and deformational history of this part of the Neogene Cuyama basin. The northwest-trending Russell fault system was active from late Oligocene to Pliocene time. Deformation along this major wrench system began during deposition of the late Oligocene to early Miocene Soda Lake Shale Member of the Vaqueros Formation and ended prior to deposition of the Plio-Pleistocene Morales Formation. The southern extension of this fault system remains uncertain, but it probably joins the Ozena fault southeast of the South Cuyama oil field. Removal of 16 to 18 miles of right-lateral offset on the Russell fault system restores the Ozena fault to a position directly east of the La Panza fault. These two faults were probably a single fault, designated the La Panza-Ozena fault, which was active, north-side down, during the Oligocene. Nonmarine conglomerates of the Simmler and lower Caliente formations were deposited north of this fault during the Oligocene, prior to the initiation of notion on the Russell fault system. Three major faults of the Cox fault zone on the west and the Lundstrom-Becker and Becker-Heller faults on the east define the margins of the Cox trough, a complex north- to northeast-trending graben north of the Russell fault which was active from Saucesian through Relizian time (early Miocene). The Saltos Shale Member of the Monterey Formation increases in thickness by 3 to 7 times across the margins of the trough. Growth faulting associated with the Cox trough ended prior to deposition of the middle Johnston sand on all faults except the Cox 46-5 fault, which was active through deposition of the Branch Canyon Sandstone. Post-Pliocene tectonism in the Cuyama basin was limited to folding and reverse-faulting in response to regional north-south compression. The Central Cuyama dome and associated north-dipping reverse faults formed during an early episode of this deformation. Subsequent deformation occurred on the Morales fault, the South Cuyama fault, and the rejuvenated Ozena fault. This Quaternary thrusting obscured the structures of the older wrench-tectonic regime and resulted in the formation of the Caliente and Sierra Madre Ranges and the present-day Cuyama Valley. Close

• 1427. [Article] Geomorphology, Hydrology and Biology of Floodplain Vegetation in the Sprague Basin, OR: History and Potential for Natural Recovery

  xviii, 105 p. : ill. (some col.)

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Geomorphology, Hydrology and Biology of Floodplain Vegetation in the Sprague Basin, OR: History and Potential for Natural Recovery Author: Rasmussen, Christine G. Year: 2012, 2011 xviii, 105 p. : ill. (some col.) Title: Geomorphology, Hydrology and Biology of Floodplain Vegetation in the Sprague Basin, OR: History and Potential for Natural Recovery Author: Rasmussen, Christine G. Year: 2012, 2011 xviii, 105 p. : ill. (some col.) Close

• 1428. [Article] Homeowner Association Resident’s Perceptions on Stormwater Retention Ponds and Clean Drinking Water: (Montgomery West Homeowners Association (MWHOA) Gaithersburg, Maryland).

  Graduation date: 2015

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Homeowner Association Resident’s Perceptions on Stormwater Retention Ponds and Clean Drinking Water: (Montgomery West Homeowners Association (MWHOA) Gaithersburg, Maryland). Author: Roberts, William Hadyn Jr Graduation date: 2015 Title: Homeowner Association Resident’s Perceptions on Stormwater Retention Ponds and Clean Drinking Water: (Montgomery West Homeowners Association (MWHOA) Gaithersburg, Maryland). Author: Roberts, William Hadyn Jr Graduation date: 2015 Close

• 1429. [Article] Status of Winter Rearing Habitat in Four Coho Population Units_ODFW AQI Winter Report Final 2008

  Abstract -- We described the status of habitat in four Oregon coastal coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) population units (Nehalem, Siuslaw, Coquille, South Umpqua) during winter 2007, estimated the potential ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Status of Winter Rearing Habitat in Four Coho Population Units_ODFW AQI Winter Report Final 2008 Abstract -- We described the status of habitat in four Oregon coastal coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) population units (Nehalem, Siuslaw, Coquille, South Umpqua) during winter 2007, estimated the potential winter rearing capacity of streams within those population units, and described the differences observed in stream habitat between winter and summer with emphasis on slow water and secondary channel habitats. Sample sites were randomly selected and spatially balanced within the distribution of coho salmon (juvenile and adult) in Oregon coastal watersheds south of the Columbia River. Twenty five sites were targeted within each of the four population units. Each survey was approximately 1000 m in length and adhered to protocols in Moore et al (2007). The Habitat Limiting Factors Model (HLFM) was used to estimate habitat capacity and quality for rearing juvenile coho. The HLFM predicted that the Nehalem and Siuslaw basins could support the highest density of juvenile coho, and the South Umpqua the least. Seasonal changes in habitat were similar to that reported in a previous study. Winter surveys facilitated the assessment of habitat status and estimating capacity because the surveys were conducted at the time when habitat is most limiting to survival of juvenile coho. Winter surveys were particularly valuable in capturing secondary channel and slow water habitat units such as beaver ponds and alcoves. We also performed a sensitivity analysis to determine the number of survey sites necessary to represent each population unit within the desired confidence range of 30% recommended in the Coho Conservation Plan. Twenty five target sites were not adequate to describe the winter parr capacity within a 95% confidence interval of +30% in each population unit. Confidence intervals of estimates of parr per km ranged from 34 to 60% and mean parr per m2 ranged from 20 to 45%. Title: Status of Winter Rearing Habitat in Four Coho Population Units_ODFW AQI Winter Report Final 2008 Abstract -- We described the status of habitat in four Oregon coastal coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) population units (Nehalem, Siuslaw, Coquille, South Umpqua) during winter 2007, estimated the potential winter rearing capacity of streams within those population units, and described the differences observed in stream habitat between winter and summer with emphasis on slow water and secondary channel habitats. Sample sites were randomly selected and spatially balanced within the distribution of coho salmon (juvenile and adult) in Oregon coastal watersheds south of the Columbia River. Twenty five sites were targeted within each of the four population units. Each survey was approximately 1000 m in length and adhered to protocols in Moore et al (2007). The Habitat Limiting Factors Model (HLFM) was used to estimate habitat capacity and quality for rearing juvenile coho. The HLFM predicted that the Nehalem and Siuslaw basins could support the highest density of juvenile coho, and the South Umpqua the least. Seasonal changes in habitat were similar to that reported in a previous study. Winter surveys facilitated the assessment of habitat status and estimating capacity because the surveys were conducted at the time when habitat is most limiting to survival of juvenile coho. Winter surveys were particularly valuable in capturing secondary channel and slow water habitat units such as beaver ponds and alcoves. We also performed a sensitivity analysis to determine the number of survey sites necessary to represent each population unit within the desired confidence range of 30% recommended in the Coho Conservation Plan. Twenty five target sites were not adequate to describe the winter parr capacity within a 95% confidence interval of +30% in each population unit. Confidence intervals of estimates of parr per km ranged from 34 to 60% and mean parr per m2 ranged from 20 to 45%. Close

• 1430. [Article] Abundance Monitoring of Juvenile Salmonids In Coastal Oregon and Lower Columbia Streams, 2008 Report Number: OPSW-ODFW-2009-1

  Abstract -- As part of the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds, the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) initiated this project in 1998 to monitor the status and trend in abundance and distribution ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Abundance Monitoring of Juvenile Salmonids In Coastal Oregon and Lower Columbia Streams, 2008 Report Number: OPSW-ODFW-2009-1 Abstract -- As part of the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds, the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) initiated this project in 1998 to monitor the status and trend in abundance and distribution of juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in coastal Oregon streams. This report summarizes the data collected during the summer of 2008 and, for coho salmon, compares it to data previously collected. The project originally surveyed only 1st-3rd order (tributary) streams but was expanded in 2002 to include juvenile steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and 4th-6th order (mainstem) rearing areas and in 2006 to the Oregon portion of the Lower Columbia River coho evolutionarily significant unit (ESU) (Figure 1). The sampling frame is intended to encompass all non-tidal coho and steelhead rearing habitat. The original 100k stream layer frame was replaced by a 24k frame in 2007. A Generalized Random Tessellation Stratified design (GRTS) (Stevens 2002) was used to create a spatially balanced, random point distribution. Sites were stratified by Monitoring Area (MA) and stream order (Table 1). A detailed description of the sampling frames and survey designs are found in Jepsen and Rodgers (2004) and Jepsen and Leader (2007). Field crews snorkeled all pools meeting the size criteria (6 m2 in surface area and 40 cm in maximum depth) in one kilometer of stream encompassing the GRTS point. Snorkeling was conducted during the minimum flow period from July to September using a single pass of one to four snorkelers, depending on stream width. In each pool counts were made of juvenile coho, Chinook, steelhead 90 mm, and cutthroat 90 mm. Presence was noted for dace, shiners, and trout < 90 mm. Sites with poor water clarity or quality were electrofished using a single pass without block nets to determine presence for coho, steelhead and cutthroat in each pool. To assess repeatability and quality control supervisory staff resurveyed 10% of tributary sites in each MA. Data were summarized by MA and stream order for analyses. Average pool density and percent pool occupancy for each site was averaged by MA. The percent of sites with at least one fish and with >0.7 coho/m2 are reported for each MA. 0.7 coho/m2 is regarded as full seeding after Nickelson et al. (1992) who reported full seeding based on electrofishing as 1.0 coho/m2 and Rodgers et al. (1992) who found that snorkelers observed 70% of the coho counted by electrofishing. CDFs, variances, and confidence intervals were created using tools developed by the EMAP Design and Analysis Team (EPA 2009). Title: Abundance Monitoring of Juvenile Salmonids In Coastal Oregon and Lower Columbia Streams, 2008 Report Number: OPSW-ODFW-2009-1 Abstract -- As part of the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds, the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) initiated this project in 1998 to monitor the status and trend in abundance and distribution of juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in coastal Oregon streams. This report summarizes the data collected during the summer of 2008 and, for coho salmon, compares it to data previously collected. The project originally surveyed only 1st-3rd order (tributary) streams but was expanded in 2002 to include juvenile steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and 4th-6th order (mainstem) rearing areas and in 2006 to the Oregon portion of the Lower Columbia River coho evolutionarily significant unit (ESU) (Figure 1). The sampling frame is intended to encompass all non-tidal coho and steelhead rearing habitat. The original 100k stream layer frame was replaced by a 24k frame in 2007. A Generalized Random Tessellation Stratified design (GRTS) (Stevens 2002) was used to create a spatially balanced, random point distribution. Sites were stratified by Monitoring Area (MA) and stream order (Table 1). A detailed description of the sampling frames and survey designs are found in Jepsen and Rodgers (2004) and Jepsen and Leader (2007). Field crews snorkeled all pools meeting the size criteria (6 m2 in surface area and 40 cm in maximum depth) in one kilometer of stream encompassing the GRTS point. Snorkeling was conducted during the minimum flow period from July to September using a single pass of one to four snorkelers, depending on stream width. In each pool counts were made of juvenile coho, Chinook, steelhead 90 mm, and cutthroat 90 mm. Presence was noted for dace, shiners, and trout < 90 mm. Sites with poor water clarity or quality were electrofished using a single pass without block nets to determine presence for coho, steelhead and cutthroat in each pool. To assess repeatability and quality control supervisory staff resurveyed 10% of tributary sites in each MA. Data were summarized by MA and stream order for analyses. Average pool density and percent pool occupancy for each site was averaged by MA. The percent of sites with at least one fish and with >0.7 coho/m2 are reported for each MA. 0.7 coho/m2 is regarded as full seeding after Nickelson et al. (1992) who reported full seeding based on electrofishing as 1.0 coho/m2 and Rodgers et al. (1992) who found that snorkelers observed 70% of the coho counted by electrofishing. CDFs, variances, and confidence intervals were created using tools developed by the EMAP Design and Analysis Team (EPA 2009). Close