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• 21. [Article] Oregon Community-Based Care Survey: Adult Foster Homes

  Adult foster homes (AFH) offer long-term services and supports to older adults and people with disabilities who wish to remain in the community but need assistance with personal care and health-related ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Oregon Community-Based Care Survey: Adult Foster Homes Author: Carder, Paula C., Elliott, Sheryl DeJoy, Tunalilar, Ozcan, Dys, Sarah, Neal, Margaret B. Year: 2017 Adult foster homes (AFH) offer long-term services and supports to older adults and people with disabilities who wish to remain in the community but need assistance with personal care and health-related tasks. This report focuses on Oregon AFHs that are licensed to care for individuals aged 65 and older and younger adults with disabilities. Homes may be licensed for one to five residents and must be staffed 24-hours daily to respond to residents’ scheduled and unscheduled needs or requests. This report provides an in-depth look at a sample of Oregon AFHs. Since no central dataset of AFH services, staff, and residents is available, information for this report was collected from mid-January to mid-March 2017 using a questionnaire that AFH owners were asked to complete. At the start of this project, there were 1,740 AFHs in the state. The goals of the project described in this report included: Describe AFH characteristics, including staffing types and levels, policies, and monthly charges and fees Describe current residents’ health and social characteristics Compare current results with prior Oregon surveys and national studies (as available), and identify changes and possible trends Describe characteristics that could affect access, quality, or cost Title: Oregon Community-Based Care Survey: Adult Foster Homes Author: Carder, Paula C., Elliott, Sheryl DeJoy, Tunalilar, Ozcan, Dys, Sarah, Neal, Margaret B. Year: 2017 Adult foster homes (AFH) offer long-term services and supports to older adults and people with disabilities who wish to remain in the community but need assistance with personal care and health-related tasks. This report focuses on Oregon AFHs that are licensed to care for individuals aged 65 and older and younger adults with disabilities. Homes may be licensed for one to five residents and must be staffed 24-hours daily to respond to residents’ scheduled and unscheduled needs or requests. This report provides an in-depth look at a sample of Oregon AFHs. Since no central dataset of AFH services, staff, and residents is available, information for this report was collected from mid-January to mid-March 2017 using a questionnaire that AFH owners were asked to complete. At the start of this project, there were 1,740 AFHs in the state. The goals of the project described in this report included: Describe AFH characteristics, including staffing types and levels, policies, and monthly charges and fees Describe current residents’ health and social characteristics Compare current results with prior Oregon surveys and national studies (as available), and identify changes and possible trends Describe characteristics that could affect access, quality, or cost Close

• 22. [Article] Oregon Community-Based Care Survey: Assisted Living, Residential Care, and Memory Care

  This report, prepared by the Institute on Aging (IOA) at Portland State University (PSU) in collaboration with the Oregon Department of Human Services, describes community-based care (CBC) settings that ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Oregon Community-Based Care Survey: Assisted Living, Residential Care, and Memory Care Author: Carder, Paula C., Kohon, Jacklyn Nicole, Limburg, Aubrey, Zimam, Amanuel, Rushkin, Megan, Neal, Margaret B. Year: 2016 This report, prepared by the Institute on Aging (IOA) at Portland State University (PSU) in collaboration with the Oregon Department of Human Services, describes community-based care (CBC) settings that provide residential, personal care, and health-related services, primarily to older adults. The study collected information from assisted living, residential care, and memory care communities to achieve the following four main goals. Describe assisted living, residential care, and memory care community characteristics, including staffing types and levels, policies, and monthly charges and fees Describe current residents’ health and social characteristics Compare current results to prior Oregon surveys and to national studies of similar setting types to identify changes and possible trends Compare setting types for differences that might affect access, quality, or costs The study findings are intended to provide information that state agency staff, legislators, community-based care providers, and consumers might use to guide their decisions. Providing state-level information was one of the goals of Oregon’s LTC 3.0 planning process (Oregon Department of Human Services, n.d.). In addition, as possible, comparisons are made to national surveys of residential care and assisted living conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics. Because of state variation in licensure categories, the national surveys combine residential and assisted living settings and use the term residential care to describe both. It should also be noted that regulatory standards and the types of residents that can be served in AL and RC settings vary by state, as well. Title: Oregon Community-Based Care Survey: Assisted Living, Residential Care, and Memory Care Author: Carder, Paula C., Kohon, Jacklyn Nicole, Limburg, Aubrey, Zimam, Amanuel, Rushkin, Megan, Neal, Margaret B. Year: 2016 This report, prepared by the Institute on Aging (IOA) at Portland State University (PSU) in collaboration with the Oregon Department of Human Services, describes community-based care (CBC) settings that provide residential, personal care, and health-related services, primarily to older adults. The study collected information from assisted living, residential care, and memory care communities to achieve the following four main goals. Describe assisted living, residential care, and memory care community characteristics, including staffing types and levels, policies, and monthly charges and fees Describe current residents’ health and social characteristics Compare current results to prior Oregon surveys and to national studies of similar setting types to identify changes and possible trends Compare setting types for differences that might affect access, quality, or costs The study findings are intended to provide information that state agency staff, legislators, community-based care providers, and consumers might use to guide their decisions. Providing state-level information was one of the goals of Oregon’s LTC 3.0 planning process (Oregon Department of Human Services, n.d.). In addition, as possible, comparisons are made to national surveys of residential care and assisted living conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics. Because of state variation in licensure categories, the national surveys combine residential and assisted living settings and use the term residential care to describe both. It should also be noted that regulatory standards and the types of residents that can be served in AL and RC settings vary by state, as well. Close

• 23. [Article] Reading comprehension in dementia of the Alzheimer's type : factual versus inferential

  The purpose of this study was to investigate the reading comprehension abilities of those with mild and moderate dementia of the Alzheimer's type (DAT) and compare their performance to that of a sample ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Reading comprehension in dementia of the Alzheimer's type : factual versus inferential Author: Graville, Donna Jensen Year: 1989 The purpose of this study was to investigate the reading comprehension abilities of those with mild and moderate dementia of the Alzheimer's type (DAT) and compare their performance to that of a sample of non-demented elderly. Thirty-eight male subjects were used, 20 non-demented elderly, nine mild DAT and nine moderate DAT. All were administered level B of the NRST. This test contains questions requiring three levels of inference: literal, translational, and high-level inference. Title: Reading comprehension in dementia of the Alzheimer's type : factual versus inferential Author: Graville, Donna Jensen Year: 1989 The purpose of this study was to investigate the reading comprehension abilities of those with mild and moderate dementia of the Alzheimer's type (DAT) and compare their performance to that of a sample of non-demented elderly. Thirty-eight male subjects were used, 20 non-demented elderly, nine mild DAT and nine moderate DAT. All were administered level B of the NRST. This test contains questions requiring three levels of inference: literal, translational, and high-level inference. Close

• 24. [Article] Life satisfaction of elderly parents and parent-child relationships in old age

  This thesis is designed to explore the nature of the relationship between elderly parents and their children and to investigate the association of that relationship with life satisfaction of the elderly ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Life satisfaction of elderly parents and parent-child relationships in old age Author: Yeh, Tehchou Year: 1983 This thesis is designed to explore the nature of the relationship between elderly parents and their children and to investigate the association of that relationship with life satisfaction of the elderly parents. The examination of parents' life satisfaction is based on the activity theory of gerontology. The life satisfaction is measured by Adams's eighteen-item Life Satisfaction Index. The parent-child relationship is viewed from the standpoint of both the parents' expectations of their children and how the children fulfill these expectations. Filial discrepancies between parents' expectations and children's behavior are analyzed to fill a gap in the literature on behavioral and normative comparisons in generational relations. Title: Life satisfaction of elderly parents and parent-child relationships in old age Author: Yeh, Tehchou Year: 1983 This thesis is designed to explore the nature of the relationship between elderly parents and their children and to investigate the association of that relationship with life satisfaction of the elderly parents. The examination of parents' life satisfaction is based on the activity theory of gerontology. The life satisfaction is measured by Adams's eighteen-item Life Satisfaction Index. The parent-child relationship is viewed from the standpoint of both the parents' expectations of their children and how the children fulfill these expectations. Filial discrepancies between parents' expectations and children's behavior are analyzed to fill a gap in the literature on behavioral and normative comparisons in generational relations. Close

• 25. [Article] The duration of tinnitus in an aging population

  The purpose of the present study was to determine whether the perceived severity of chronic tinnitus in a geriatric population increased, decreased, or remained constant with the passage of time. A questionnaire ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The duration of tinnitus in an aging population Author: Engel, Mary Year: 1990 The purpose of the present study was to determine whether the perceived severity of chronic tinnitus in a geriatric population increased, decreased, or remained constant with the passage of time. A questionnaire was designed to ascertain the subjects' perceived severity at time of onset and the perceived severity of their current tinnitus. The subjects were asked to rate their past and present tinnitus severity according to how much it bothered them. They were also asked questions pertaining to noise exposure history, hearing aid use, and tinnitus sound parameters for purposes of comparison with other groups previously studied. Title: The duration of tinnitus in an aging population Author: Engel, Mary Year: 1990 The purpose of the present study was to determine whether the perceived severity of chronic tinnitus in a geriatric population increased, decreased, or remained constant with the passage of time. A questionnaire was designed to ascertain the subjects' perceived severity at time of onset and the perceived severity of their current tinnitus. The subjects were asked to rate their past and present tinnitus severity according to how much it bothered them. They were also asked questions pertaining to noise exposure history, hearing aid use, and tinnitus sound parameters for purposes of comparison with other groups previously studied. Close

• 26. [Article] The descriptive function of language : changes with age and pressure to inform

  Currently language is viewed as a multi-dimensional construct, consisting of three interrelated components; content, form and function (Bloom and Lahey, 1978). In recent publications, language function ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The descriptive function of language : changes with age and pressure to inform Author: Liebman, Eve Susan Year: 1982 Currently language is viewed as a multi-dimensional construct, consisting of three interrelated components; content, form and function (Bloom and Lahey, 1978). In recent publications, language function has been referred to as pragmatics (Prutting, 1979). The essence of pragmatic theory is that language is used functionally in social contexts, to accomplish specific types of communication (Wood, 1981). One such communicative function is referred to as the informative function, which occurs when a speaker provides ideas and information to others, as in describing, naming and giving examples {Wood, 1981). It is not clear, however, when children become competent in making specific, clear statements when describing a referent or event. No study, found by this writer, has provided a detailed analysis of the changes that may occur in baseline descriptive strategies when children are placed under pressure to provide more information. Such data could provide additional insight into children's descriptive abilities at different stages of development. The questions posed in this investigation were: (1) Does referential communication vary under pressure among four, six and eight year old children? and (2) How do four, six and eight year old children's descriptions vary when they are pressured to provide more information? Title: The descriptive function of language : changes with age and pressure to inform Author: Liebman, Eve Susan Year: 1982 Currently language is viewed as a multi-dimensional construct, consisting of three interrelated components; content, form and function (Bloom and Lahey, 1978). In recent publications, language function has been referred to as pragmatics (Prutting, 1979). The essence of pragmatic theory is that language is used functionally in social contexts, to accomplish specific types of communication (Wood, 1981). One such communicative function is referred to as the informative function, which occurs when a speaker provides ideas and information to others, as in describing, naming and giving examples {Wood, 1981). It is not clear, however, when children become competent in making specific, clear statements when describing a referent or event. No study, found by this writer, has provided a detailed analysis of the changes that may occur in baseline descriptive strategies when children are placed under pressure to provide more information. Such data could provide additional insight into children's descriptive abilities at different stages of development. The questions posed in this investigation were: (1) Does referential communication vary under pressure among four, six and eight year old children? and (2) How do four, six and eight year old children's descriptions vary when they are pressured to provide more information? Close

• 27. [Article] Differential Health and Social Needs of Older Adults Waitlisted for Public Housing or Housing Choice Vouchers

  Affordable housing is an important form of income security for low-income older persons. This article describes characteristics of older persons waitlisted for either public housing or a housing choice ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Differential Health and Social Needs of Older Adults Waitlisted for Public Housing or Housing Choice Vouchers Author: Carder, Paula C., Luhr, Gretchen, Kohon, Jacklyn Nicole Year: 2016 Affordable housing is an important form of income security for low-income older persons. This article describes characteristics of older persons waitlisted for either public housing or a housing choice voucher (HCV) (previously Section 8) in Portland, Oregon. 358 persons (32% response rate) completed a mailed survey with questions about demographics, health and housing status, food insecurity, and preference for housing with services. Findings indicate that many waitlisted older persons experienced homelessness or housing instability, poor health, high hospital use, and food insecurity. Public housing applicants were significantly more likely to report lower incomes, homelessness, and food insecurity than HCV applicants. We conclude with policy implications for housing and health agencies that serve low-income older persons. Title: Differential Health and Social Needs of Older Adults Waitlisted for Public Housing or Housing Choice Vouchers Author: Carder, Paula C., Luhr, Gretchen, Kohon, Jacklyn Nicole Year: 2016 Affordable housing is an important form of income security for low-income older persons. This article describes characteristics of older persons waitlisted for either public housing or a housing choice voucher (HCV) (previously Section 8) in Portland, Oregon. 358 persons (32% response rate) completed a mailed survey with questions about demographics, health and housing status, food insecurity, and preference for housing with services. Findings indicate that many waitlisted older persons experienced homelessness or housing instability, poor health, high hospital use, and food insecurity. Public housing applicants were significantly more likely to report lower incomes, homelessness, and food insecurity than HCV applicants. We conclude with policy implications for housing and health agencies that serve low-income older persons. Close

• 28. [Article] Oregon Community-Based Care Survey 2016: Adult Foster Homes

  This report describes adult foster homes in Oregon. An adult foster home (AFH) is a type of licensed community-based care (CBC) setting that provides residential, personal care, and health-related services, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Oregon Community-Based Care Survey 2016: Adult Foster Homes Author: Carder, Paula C., Kohon, Jacklyn Nicole, Limburg, Aubrey, Zimam, Amanuel, Rushkin, Megan, Neal, Margaret B. Year: 2016 This report describes adult foster homes in Oregon. An adult foster home (AFH) is a type of licensed community-based care (CBC) setting that provides residential, personal care, and health-related services, primarily to older adults. The study collected information from adult foster homes to achieve the following four main goals. Describe adult foster home characteristics, including staffing types and levels, policies, and monthly charges and fees Describe current residents’ health and social characteristics Compare current results to prior Oregon surveys and to national studies of similar setting types to identify changes and possible trends Compare setting types for differences that might affect access, quality, or costs The study findings are intended to provide information that state agency staff, legislators, community-based care providers, and consumers may use to guide their decisions. Providing state-level information was one of the goals of Oregon’s LTC 3.0 planning process. Title: Oregon Community-Based Care Survey 2016: Adult Foster Homes Author: Carder, Paula C., Kohon, Jacklyn Nicole, Limburg, Aubrey, Zimam, Amanuel, Rushkin, Megan, Neal, Margaret B. Year: 2016 This report describes adult foster homes in Oregon. An adult foster home (AFH) is a type of licensed community-based care (CBC) setting that provides residential, personal care, and health-related services, primarily to older adults. The study collected information from adult foster homes to achieve the following four main goals. Describe adult foster home characteristics, including staffing types and levels, policies, and monthly charges and fees Describe current residents’ health and social characteristics Compare current results to prior Oregon surveys and to national studies of similar setting types to identify changes and possible trends Compare setting types for differences that might affect access, quality, or costs The study findings are intended to provide information that state agency staff, legislators, community-based care providers, and consumers may use to guide their decisions. Providing state-level information was one of the goals of Oregon’s LTC 3.0 planning process. Close

• 29. [Article] Subsidized housing for seniors: a comparative study of management styles

  Studies at the Urban Institute in Washington, D.C., during the 1970's, defined a management style already existing for high-performance, assisted housing. Project performance in those studies was based ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Subsidized housing for seniors: a comparative study of management styles Author: Lofquist, Thelma Year: 1985 Studies at the Urban Institute in Washington, D.C., during the 1970's, defined a management style already existing for high-performance, assisted housing. Project performance in those studies was based in part on: (a) tenant satisfaction with management, (b) tenant turnover rates, (c) rent delinquency rates, (d) vandalism rates, and (e) operating cost per unit. For this dissertation an attempt was made to evaluate the use of high-performance management guidelines with a newly-opened, assisted-housing project for elderly and handicapped residents. The guidelines used for this study were (a) authority for the project was based on-site, (b) maintenance responsibilities were based on-site, (c) management was a source of service-referral. The Building, Building A, was compared to three existing similar projects where management authority differed. Cost comparisons were made from maintenance budgets from the four buildings. Comparisons of tenant satisfaction with management, volunteerism rates, and perceptions of locus of control were made by means of a questionnaire mailed to all tenants in the four buildings. A locus of control scale was included with the management study because of the special needs of aging residents who face uncontrollable losses in the later years. It was thought that the management style of the experimental building, where authority for the project was based on-site, might influence tenant perception of locus of control. Responses to the questionnaire did not suport the hypothesis that residents in Building A would have significantly higher perceptions of (a) internal control, (b) satisfaction with management, (c) volunteerism rates. There was support for the hypothesis that maintenance operating costs for building A would be significantly lower when comparisons were made among the four buildings. The study concludes that (a) management research would benefit by developing methods to better define and measure management behaviors, (b) data on the reasons for tenant turnover are important sources of information not presently being utilized in senior-projects experiencing vacancy problems, (c) the results of the operating maintenance costs comparisons in this study reinforce the Urban Institute's management guidelines as a point for serious consideration by developers of assisted-housing for elderly and handicapped tenants. Title: Subsidized housing for seniors: a comparative study of management styles Author: Lofquist, Thelma Year: 1985 Studies at the Urban Institute in Washington, D.C., during the 1970's, defined a management style already existing for high-performance, assisted housing. Project performance in those studies was based in part on: (a) tenant satisfaction with management, (b) tenant turnover rates, (c) rent delinquency rates, (d) vandalism rates, and (e) operating cost per unit. For this dissertation an attempt was made to evaluate the use of high-performance management guidelines with a newly-opened, assisted-housing project for elderly and handicapped residents. The guidelines used for this study were (a) authority for the project was based on-site, (b) maintenance responsibilities were based on-site, (c) management was a source of service-referral. The Building, Building A, was compared to three existing similar projects where management authority differed. Cost comparisons were made from maintenance budgets from the four buildings. Comparisons of tenant satisfaction with management, volunteerism rates, and perceptions of locus of control were made by means of a questionnaire mailed to all tenants in the four buildings. A locus of control scale was included with the management study because of the special needs of aging residents who face uncontrollable losses in the later years. It was thought that the management style of the experimental building, where authority for the project was based on-site, might influence tenant perception of locus of control. Responses to the questionnaire did not suport the hypothesis that residents in Building A would have significantly higher perceptions of (a) internal control, (b) satisfaction with management, (c) volunteerism rates. There was support for the hypothesis that maintenance operating costs for building A would be significantly lower when comparisons were made among the four buildings. The study concludes that (a) management research would benefit by developing methods to better define and measure management behaviors, (b) data on the reasons for tenant turnover are important sources of information not presently being utilized in senior-projects experiencing vacancy problems, (c) the results of the operating maintenance costs comparisons in this study reinforce the Urban Institute's management guidelines as a point for serious consideration by developers of assisted-housing for elderly and handicapped tenants. Close

• 30. [Article] An Inductive Ethnographic Study in Elderly Woman Technology Adoption and the Role of her Children

  Elderly woman strives to have a streamlined life surrounded by ease and familiarity. As she is aging, her desire for simplicity grows, her self-efficacy weakens, her prudency intensifies and her overall ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: An Inductive Ethnographic Study in Elderly Woman Technology Adoption and the Role of her Children Author: Rahimi, Noshad, Jetter, Antonie J,, Weber, Charles M. Year: 2016 Elderly woman strives to have a streamlined life surrounded by ease and familiarity. As she is aging, her desire for simplicity grows, her self-efficacy weakens, her prudency intensifies and her overall inclination toward status quo strengthens. As a result, she delays, or refuses, making any decision that might bring complexity and disrupt the continuity in her life, particularly new and unfamiliar technologies (which often bring complexity, before providing ease). Consequently, her technology adoption has a much lower rate than that of other demographics. To open the black box of elderly woman technology adoption process, this study focuses on the role of the most significant population of "gatekeeping" group, children, to examine how this potential influence plays out in the elderly women adoption process of technology. Using grounded theory approach and case study, it investigates how the process of technology adoption by elderly woman develops and what is the role of the "gatekeeping" children in the adoption. This qualitative research using ethnographic interview and fuzzy cognitive mapping in addition to the traditional qualitative analysis coding. It validates the current technology adoption theories, particularly Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), in the context of elderly technology adoption. However, it shows the importance of expanding such theories and unpacking the abstract constructs in the context studied to facilitate the emergence of empirical insight that can lead to implementable strategies. There are two key findings emerged from this research: 1) Domestication is a key process in the successful adoption as it allows the elderly woman to try and become familiar and hence find the technology easy to use and then useful. 2) Caregiving children play a critical role in influencing the elderly woman technology adoption. This critical role is materialized in suggesting, modeling, providing facilitating condition and Intervening in the adoption. Title: An Inductive Ethnographic Study in Elderly Woman Technology Adoption and the Role of her Children Author: Rahimi, Noshad, Jetter, Antonie J,, Weber, Charles M. Year: 2016 Elderly woman strives to have a streamlined life surrounded by ease and familiarity. As she is aging, her desire for simplicity grows, her self-efficacy weakens, her prudency intensifies and her overall inclination toward status quo strengthens. As a result, she delays, or refuses, making any decision that might bring complexity and disrupt the continuity in her life, particularly new and unfamiliar technologies (which often bring complexity, before providing ease). Consequently, her technology adoption has a much lower rate than that of other demographics. To open the black box of elderly woman technology adoption process, this study focuses on the role of the most significant population of "gatekeeping" group, children, to examine how this potential influence plays out in the elderly women adoption process of technology. Using grounded theory approach and case study, it investigates how the process of technology adoption by elderly woman develops and what is the role of the "gatekeeping" children in the adoption. This qualitative research using ethnographic interview and fuzzy cognitive mapping in addition to the traditional qualitative analysis coding. It validates the current technology adoption theories, particularly Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), in the context of elderly technology adoption. However, it shows the importance of expanding such theories and unpacking the abstract constructs in the context studied to facilitate the emergence of empirical insight that can lead to implementable strategies. There are two key findings emerged from this research: 1) Domestication is a key process in the successful adoption as it allows the elderly woman to try and become familiar and hence find the technology easy to use and then useful. 2) Caregiving children play a critical role in influencing the elderly woman technology adoption. This critical role is materialized in suggesting, modeling, providing facilitating condition and Intervening in the adoption. Close