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• 21. [Image] Geothermal Exploration Architecture. Technical Report, Volume 77-2

  	A basic modular exploration sequence which includes a carefully balanced selection of geological, geochemical, and geophysical modules is developed for geothermal prospecting in the eastern Basin and Range. ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Geothermal Exploration Architecture. Technical Report, Volume 77-2 Author: Ward, S.H. Year: 1977 A basic modular exploration sequence which includes a carefully balanced selection of geological, geochemical, and geophysical modules is developed for geothermal prospecting in the eastern Basin and Range. The cost per square mile for application of this exploration architecture is $461.00. If one were to expand this basic system to include virtually all techniques being routinely employed in geothermal prospecting today, then the cost per square mile would increase to $790.00. This latter expenditure rate is difficult to justify, but some increase above the $461.00 basic cost appears to be warranted to make exploration costs about equal to land acquisition costs and model-test drilling costs. Total costs per discovery appear to range from $6M to $27M depending upon assumptions, when the costs of exploring for ''dry'' prospects are included in the costs of the discoveries. Development and operating costs are not included in the analysis. The basic exploration architecture described here is compared with others previously advanced in the literature. If a common basic is used for computing costs of individual exploration modules, then there is no great cost disparity between any of the architectures reviewed Title: Geothermal Exploration Architecture. Technical Report, Volume 77-2 Author: Ward, S.H. Year: 1977 A basic modular exploration sequence which includes a carefully balanced selection of geological, geochemical, and geophysical modules is developed for geothermal prospecting in the eastern Basin and Range. The cost per square mile for application of this exploration architecture is $461.00. If one were to expand this basic system to include virtually all techniques being routinely employed in geothermal prospecting today, then the cost per square mile would increase to $790.00. This latter expenditure rate is difficult to justify, but some increase above the $461.00 basic cost appears to be warranted to make exploration costs about equal to land acquisition costs and model-test drilling costs. Total costs per discovery appear to range from $6M to $27M depending upon assumptions, when the costs of exploring for ''dry'' prospects are included in the costs of the discoveries. Development and operating costs are not included in the analysis. The basic exploration architecture described here is compared with others previously advanced in the literature. If a common basic is used for computing costs of individual exploration modules, then there is no great cost disparity between any of the architectures reviewed Close

• 22. [Image] Geothermal Energy in Wyoming: Site Data Base and Development Status

  	An overview of geothermal energy and its current and potential uses in Wyoming is presented. Chapters on each region are concluded with a summary of thermal springs in the region. The uniqueness of Yellowstone ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Geothermal Energy in Wyoming: Site Data Base and Development Status Author: James, R.W. Year: 1979 An overview of geothermal energy and its current and potential uses in Wyoming is presented. Chapters on each region are concluded with a summary of thermal springs in the region. The uniqueness of Yellowstone is discussed from both an institutional point of view and a natural one. The institutional situation at the federal and state level is discussed as it applies to geothermal development in Wyoming. (MHR) Title: Geothermal Energy in Wyoming: Site Data Base and Development Status Author: James, R.W. Year: 1979 An overview of geothermal energy and its current and potential uses in Wyoming is presented. Chapters on each region are concluded with a summary of thermal springs in the region. The uniqueness of Yellowstone is discussed from both an institutional point of view and a natural one. The institutional situation at the federal and state level is discussed as it applies to geothermal development in Wyoming. (MHR) Close

• 23. [Image] Low-Temperature Geothermal Reservoir Site Evaluation in Arizona. Quarterly Progress Report, August 1, 1977--October 31, 1977

  	Progress in the development of a cost-effective exploration program for low- to moderate-temperature geothermal resources is reported. As part of this program two or three demonstration projects in Arizona ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Low-Temperature Geothermal Reservoir Site Evaluation in Arizona. Quarterly Progress Report, August 1, 1977--October 31, 1977 Author: Hahman, W.R. Sr. Year: 1977 Progress in the development of a cost-effective exploration program for low- to moderate-temperature geothermal resources is reported. As part of this program two or three demonstration projects in Arizona will be brought on stream. The site-specific exploration, evaluation and development program as well as the state wide reconnaissance exploration program is continuing. The compilation of data for a geothermal energy resource map of Arizona has commenced. Geological field work was directed towards obtaining a broad overview of Arizona geology and regional reconnaissance in the Springerville - St. Johns area. All outside projects are on schedule and the Landsat lineament map and report have been completed Title: Low-Temperature Geothermal Reservoir Site Evaluation in Arizona. Quarterly Progress Report, August 1, 1977--October 31, 1977 Author: Hahman, W.R. Sr. Year: 1977 Progress in the development of a cost-effective exploration program for low- to moderate-temperature geothermal resources is reported. As part of this program two or three demonstration projects in Arizona will be brought on stream. The site-specific exploration, evaluation and development program as well as the state wide reconnaissance exploration program is continuing. The compilation of data for a geothermal energy resource map of Arizona has commenced. Geological field work was directed towards obtaining a broad overview of Arizona geology and regional reconnaissance in the Springerville - St. Johns area. All outside projects are on schedule and the Landsat lineament map and report have been completed Close

• 24. [Image] Low-Temperature Geothermal Reservoir Site Evaluation in Arizona. Quarterly Progress Report, November 1, 1977--January 31, 1978

  	The Department of Energy, Division of Geothermal Energy, has charged the Bureau of Geology and Mineral Technology, Geological Survey Branch with development of a cost-effective exploration program for ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Low-Temperature Geothermal Reservoir Site Evaluation in Arizona. Quarterly Progress Report, November 1, 1977--January 31, 1978 Author: Hahman, W.R. Sr. Year: 1978 The Department of Energy, Division of Geothermal Energy, has charged the Bureau of Geology and Mineral Technology, Geological Survey Branch with development of a cost-effective exploration program for low- to moderate-temperature geothermal resources. As part of this program two or three demonstration projects in Arizona will be brought on stream. The site-specific exploration, evaluation and development program as well as the state wide reconnaissance exploration program is continuing. The compilation of data for the 1 : 500,000 geothermal energy resource map is continuing. Drafting and data collection for the 1 : 1,000,000 Preliminary map, Geothermal Energy Resources of Arizona, Geothermal Map No. 1, requested the first week in January by DOE/DGE is nearing completion. This preliminary map should be published in March, 1978. All outside projects are either complete or on schedule Title: Low-Temperature Geothermal Reservoir Site Evaluation in Arizona. Quarterly Progress Report, November 1, 1977--January 31, 1978 Author: Hahman, W.R. Sr. Year: 1978 The Department of Energy, Division of Geothermal Energy, has charged the Bureau of Geology and Mineral Technology, Geological Survey Branch with development of a cost-effective exploration program for low- to moderate-temperature geothermal resources. As part of this program two or three demonstration projects in Arizona will be brought on stream. The site-specific exploration, evaluation and development program as well as the state wide reconnaissance exploration program is continuing. The compilation of data for the 1 : 500,000 geothermal energy resource map is continuing. Drafting and data collection for the 1 : 1,000,000 Preliminary map, Geothermal Energy Resources of Arizona, Geothermal Map No. 1, requested the first week in January by DOE/DGE is nearing completion. This preliminary map should be published in March, 1978. All outside projects are either complete or on schedule Close

• 25. [Image] Geothermal Injection Treatment: Process Chemistry, Field Experiences, And Design Options

  	The successful development of geothermal reservoirs to generate electric power will require the injection disposal of approximately 700,000 gal/h (2.0 x 106 l/h) of heat-depleted brine for every 50,000 ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Geothermal Injection Treatment: Process Chemistry, Field Experiences, And Design Options Author: Kindle, C. H. Year: 1984 The successful development of geothermal reservoirs to generate electric power will require the injection disposal of approximately 700,000 gal/h (2.0 x 106 l/h) of heat-depleted brine for every 50,000 kW of generating capacity. To maintain injectability, the spent brine must be compatible with the receiving formation. The factors that influence this brine/formation compatibility and tests to quantify them are discussed in this report Title: Geothermal Injection Treatment: Process Chemistry, Field Experiences, And Design Options Author: Kindle, C. H. Year: 1984 The successful development of geothermal reservoirs to generate electric power will require the injection disposal of approximately 700,000 gal/h (2.0 x 106 l/h) of heat-depleted brine for every 50,000 kW of generating capacity. To maintain injectability, the spent brine must be compatible with the receiving formation. The factors that influence this brine/formation compatibility and tests to quantify them are discussed in this report Close

• 26. [Image] Instruments for Subsurface Monitoring of Geothermal Subsidence

  	The requirements for a subsurface geothermal subsidence instrument were reviewed. Available instruments for monitoring subsurface displacements, both vertical and horizontal, were studied and the most ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Instruments for Subsurface Monitoring of Geothermal Subsidence Author: O'Rourke, J.E. Year: 1979 The requirements for a subsurface geothermal subsidence instrument were reviewed. Available instruments for monitoring subsurface displacements, both vertical and horizontal, were studied and the most capable instruments identified. Techniques and materials for improving existing or developing new instruments were evaluated. Elements of sensor and signal technology with potential for high temperature monitoring of subsidence were identified. Drawing from these studies, methods to adapt production Wells for monitoring were proposed and several new instrumentation systems were conceptually designed. Finally, four instrumentation systems were selected for future development. These systems are: triple sensor induction sensor probe (with casing collar markers); triple sensor gamma ray detector probe (with radioactive markers); triple sensor reed switch probe (with magnet markers); and triple sensor oscillator-type magnet detector probe (with magnet markers). All are designed for use in well casing incorporating slip couplings or bellows sections, although the gamma ray detector probe may also be used in unlined holes. These systems all measure vertical movement. Instruments to measure horizontal displacement due to geothermal subsidence were studied and the required instrument performance was judged to be beyond the state-of-the-art. Thus, no conceptual designs for instruments to monitor horizontal movement are included Title: Instruments for Subsurface Monitoring of Geothermal Subsidence Author: O'Rourke, J.E. Year: 1979 The requirements for a subsurface geothermal subsidence instrument were reviewed. Available instruments for monitoring subsurface displacements, both vertical and horizontal, were studied and the most capable instruments identified. Techniques and materials for improving existing or developing new instruments were evaluated. Elements of sensor and signal technology with potential for high temperature monitoring of subsidence were identified. Drawing from these studies, methods to adapt production Wells for monitoring were proposed and several new instrumentation systems were conceptually designed. Finally, four instrumentation systems were selected for future development. These systems are: triple sensor induction sensor probe (with casing collar markers); triple sensor gamma ray detector probe (with radioactive markers); triple sensor reed switch probe (with magnet markers); and triple sensor oscillator-type magnet detector probe (with magnet markers). All are designed for use in well casing incorporating slip couplings or bellows sections, although the gamma ray detector probe may also be used in unlined holes. These systems all measure vertical movement. Instruments to measure horizontal displacement due to geothermal subsidence were studied and the required instrument performance was judged to be beyond the state-of-the-art. Thus, no conceptual designs for instruments to monitor horizontal movement are included Close

• 27. [Image] Research on the Physical Properties of Geothermal Reservoir Rocks. Progress Report 2, September 1, 1976--January 10, 1977

  	In the art of interpretation of geophysical well surveys, empirical correlations between pairs of physical properties of rocks are used. These correlations permit measurements made of one physical property ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Research on the Physical Properties of Geothermal Reservoir Rocks. Progress Report 2, September 1, 1976--January 10, 1977 Author: Keller, G.V. Year: 1977 In the art of interpretation of geophysical well surveys, empirical correlations between pairs of physical properties of rocks are used. These correlations permit measurements made of one physical property in a well bore to be interpreted in terms of another physical property which is of more significance in evaluating the reservoir behavior of a rock. Often, these correlations are developed through a series of laboratory measurements because the properties which are needed in evaluating a reservoir cannot be measured directly with the rock in place. In the evaluation of oil and gas reservoirs, interpretations based on such an approach have reached a high degree of development Title: Research on the Physical Properties of Geothermal Reservoir Rocks. Progress Report 2, September 1, 1976--January 10, 1977 Author: Keller, G.V. Year: 1977 In the art of interpretation of geophysical well surveys, empirical correlations between pairs of physical properties of rocks are used. These correlations permit measurements made of one physical property in a well bore to be interpreted in terms of another physical property which is of more significance in evaluating the reservoir behavior of a rock. Often, these correlations are developed through a series of laboratory measurements because the properties which are needed in evaluating a reservoir cannot be measured directly with the rock in place. In the evaluation of oil and gas reservoirs, interpretations based on such an approach have reached a high degree of development Close

• 28. [Image] Conference on Scale Management in Geothermal Energy Development

  	Twenty-two papers and two abstracts are included. Separate abstracts were prepared for the papers and the abstracts are listed by titles. (MHR)
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Conference on Scale Management in Geothermal Energy Development Author: EIC Corporation Year: 1976 Twenty-two papers and two abstracts are included. Separate abstracts were prepared for the papers and the abstracts are listed by titles. (MHR) Title: Conference on Scale Management in Geothermal Energy Development Author: EIC Corporation Year: 1976 Twenty-two papers and two abstracts are included. Separate abstracts were prepared for the papers and the abstracts are listed by titles. (MHR) Close

• 29. [Image] Geothermal Development of the Salton Trough, California and Mexico

  	A geological description is given of the Salton Trought followed by a chronological history of attempts to exploit the area's geothermal resources. In addition, detailed descriptions are given of all ongoing ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Geothermal Development of the Salton Trough, California and Mexico Author: Palmer, T.D. Year: 1975 A geological description is given of the Salton Trought followed by a chronological history of attempts to exploit the area's geothermal resources. In addition, detailed descriptions are given of all ongoing geothermal projects in the area and the organizations conducting them Title: Geothermal Development of the Salton Trough, California and Mexico Author: Palmer, T.D. Year: 1975 A geological description is given of the Salton Trought followed by a chronological history of attempts to exploit the area's geothermal resources. In addition, detailed descriptions are given of all ongoing geothermal projects in the area and the organizations conducting them Close

• 30. [Image] Enhancement of Existing Geothermal Resource Utilization by Cascading to Intensive Aquaculture. Draft

  	The purpose of this project was to demonstrate the achievable energy savings and value enhancement of the byproduct geothermal energy, by cascading fluids for the production of commercial aquaculture s...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Enhancement of Existing Geothermal Resource Utilization by Cascading to Intensive Aquaculture. Draft Author: Zachritz, W.H. Year: 1996 The purpose of this project was to demonstrate the achievable energy savings and value enhancement of the byproduct geothermal energy, by cascading fluids for the production of commercial aquaculture species Title: Enhancement of Existing Geothermal Resource Utilization by Cascading to Intensive Aquaculture. Draft Author: Zachritz, W.H. Year: 1996 The purpose of this project was to demonstrate the achievable energy savings and value enhancement of the byproduct geothermal energy, by cascading fluids for the production of commercial aquaculture species Close