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• 11. [Image] Evaluation and Targeting of Geothermal Energy Resources in the Southeastern United States Progress Report, Apr 1, 1977--Jun 30, 1977

  	The objective of this research is to develop and apply targeting procedures for the evaluation of low-temperature radiogenically-derived geothermal resources in the eastern United States utilizing geological, ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Evaluation and Targeting of Geothermal Energy Resources in the Southeastern United States Progress Report, Apr 1, 1977--Jun 30, 1977 Author: Costain, J.K. Year: 1977 The objective of this research is to develop and apply targeting procedures for the evaluation of low-temperature radiogenically-derived geothermal resources in the eastern United States utilizing geological, geochemical, and geophysical data. Detailed study of the Winnsboro complex, South Carolina, is continuing as part of a broader project to provide insight into the behavior of uranium and thorium in syn- and postmetamorphic granitic plutons Title: Evaluation and Targeting of Geothermal Energy Resources in the Southeastern United States Progress Report, Apr 1, 1977--Jun 30, 1977 Author: Costain, J.K. Year: 1977 The objective of this research is to develop and apply targeting procedures for the evaluation of low-temperature radiogenically-derived geothermal resources in the eastern United States utilizing geological, geochemical, and geophysical data. Detailed study of the Winnsboro complex, South Carolina, is continuing as part of a broader project to provide insight into the behavior of uranium and thorium in syn- and postmetamorphic granitic plutons Close

• 12. [Image] Evaluation and Targeting of Geothermal Energy Resources in the Southeastern United States. Progress Report, October 1--December 31, 1977

  	Progress in the evaluation of low-temperature geothermal resources in the eastern United States utilizing geological, geochemical, and geophysical data is reported. Primary programmatic emphasis is now ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Evaluation and Targeting of Geothermal Energy Resources in the Southeastern United States. Progress Report, October 1--December 31, 1977 Author: Costain, J.K. Year: 1978 Progress in the evaluation of low-temperature geothermal resources in the eastern United States utilizing geological, geochemical, and geophysical data is reported. Primary programmatic emphasis is now being placed on the confirmation of radiogenic resources beneath sediments of the Atlantic Coastal Plain. Collation of existing gravity and magnetic data available for the Atlantic Coastal Plain is complete, and modeling of selected negative gravity anomalies of the Cuffytown Creek (Edgefield) pluton, S.C., the Rolesville batholith, N.C., and the Petersburg granite, Va., is in progress. Maps showing the distribution of gravity stations for the states of Georgia, South Carolina, and North Carolina were prepared. A reconnaissance geologic map is being prepared of the Raleigh belt and Carolina slate belt rocks. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship of the Rolesville batholith to the surrounding country rocks, and to provide a geologic base for the geophysical interpretation of Piedmont stratigraphy underlying Atlantic Coastal Plain sediments to the east Title: Evaluation and Targeting of Geothermal Energy Resources in the Southeastern United States. Progress Report, October 1--December 31, 1977 Author: Costain, J.K. Year: 1978 Progress in the evaluation of low-temperature geothermal resources in the eastern United States utilizing geological, geochemical, and geophysical data is reported. Primary programmatic emphasis is now being placed on the confirmation of radiogenic resources beneath sediments of the Atlantic Coastal Plain. Collation of existing gravity and magnetic data available for the Atlantic Coastal Plain is complete, and modeling of selected negative gravity anomalies of the Cuffytown Creek (Edgefield) pluton, S.C., the Rolesville batholith, N.C., and the Petersburg granite, Va., is in progress. Maps showing the distribution of gravity stations for the states of Georgia, South Carolina, and North Carolina were prepared. A reconnaissance geologic map is being prepared of the Raleigh belt and Carolina slate belt rocks. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship of the Rolesville batholith to the surrounding country rocks, and to provide a geologic base for the geophysical interpretation of Piedmont stratigraphy underlying Atlantic Coastal Plain sediments to the east Close

• 13. [Image] Hydrothermal Alteration in Well Baca 22, Baca Geothermal Area, Valles Caldera, New Mexico

  	The Baca geothermal area is located in the Valles caldera in the Jemez Mountains of north-central New Mexico. Union Geothermal Company drilled a number of exploration wells to supply steam for a proposed ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Hydrothermal Alteration in Well Baca 22, Baca Geothermal Area, Valles Caldera, New Mexico Author: Fox, D. J. Year: 1984 The Baca geothermal area is located in the Valles caldera in the Jemez Mountains of north-central New Mexico. Union Geothermal Company drilled a number of exploration wells to supply steam for a proposed electric generating plant. Drill cuttings from one of these wells, Baca 22 (see Figure 1), were studied with a petrographic microscope and by x-ray diffraction to determine the nature of the original rocks and of the hydrothermal alteration. The hydrothermal alteration will be used to determine the temperatures of alteration which can then be compared with borehole temperatures to determine if the mineral assemblages are compatible with present day temperatures. It will be shown that there is evidence indicating that the upper 2000 feet of borehole is cooler now than it has been in the past Title: Hydrothermal Alteration in Well Baca 22, Baca Geothermal Area, Valles Caldera, New Mexico Author: Fox, D. J. Year: 1984 The Baca geothermal area is located in the Valles caldera in the Jemez Mountains of north-central New Mexico. Union Geothermal Company drilled a number of exploration wells to supply steam for a proposed electric generating plant. Drill cuttings from one of these wells, Baca 22 (see Figure 1), were studied with a petrographic microscope and by x-ray diffraction to determine the nature of the original rocks and of the hydrothermal alteration. The hydrothermal alteration will be used to determine the temperatures of alteration which can then be compared with borehole temperatures to determine if the mineral assemblages are compatible with present day temperatures. It will be shown that there is evidence indicating that the upper 2000 feet of borehole is cooler now than it has been in the past Close

• 14. [Image] Dipole-Dipole Resistivity Surveys, Roosevelt Hot Springs KGRA. Final Report, Volume 2

  	Dipole-dipole Resistivity surveys were conducted at Roosevelt Hot Springs KGRA. Three different dipole spacings were used; 99km of traverse line were surveyed with 100m dipoles, 50km with 300m dipoles, ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Dipole-Dipole Resistivity Surveys, Roosevelt Hot Springs KGRA. Final Report, Volume 2 Author: Ward, S.H. Year: 1976 Dipole-dipole Resistivity surveys were conducted at Roosevelt Hot Springs KGRA. Three different dipole spacings were used; 99km of traverse line were surveyed with 100m dipoles, 50km with 300m dipoles, and 44km with 1km dipoles. The objectives of the Resistivity surveying were to detect and delineate regions of low Resistivity associated with fracturing, brines, high temperatures, and clay alteration. The Resistivity of rocks that are typical of hydrothermal environments is due to two main conduction mechanisms: (1) electrolytic conduction through pores and fractures; and (2) surface conduction due to a thin zone of cations attracted to those mineral surfaces with net negative charges (especially clay minerals). For saturated rocks, the Resistivity due to electrolytic conduction is a function of the effective porosity of the fractured rock, of the temperature, and of the salinity of the fluid filling the pores and fractures. The Resistivity decreases as the effective porosity, water saturation, salinity, and temperature increase. The presence of clay minerals and pyrite will also decrease the Resistivity Title: Dipole-Dipole Resistivity Surveys, Roosevelt Hot Springs KGRA. Final Report, Volume 2 Author: Ward, S.H. Year: 1976 Dipole-dipole Resistivity surveys were conducted at Roosevelt Hot Springs KGRA. Three different dipole spacings were used; 99km of traverse line were surveyed with 100m dipoles, 50km with 300m dipoles, and 44km with 1km dipoles. The objectives of the Resistivity surveying were to detect and delineate regions of low Resistivity associated with fracturing, brines, high temperatures, and clay alteration. The Resistivity of rocks that are typical of hydrothermal environments is due to two main conduction mechanisms: (1) electrolytic conduction through pores and fractures; and (2) surface conduction due to a thin zone of cations attracted to those mineral surfaces with net negative charges (especially clay minerals). For saturated rocks, the Resistivity due to electrolytic conduction is a function of the effective porosity of the fractured rock, of the temperature, and of the salinity of the fluid filling the pores and fractures. The Resistivity decreases as the effective porosity, water saturation, salinity, and temperature increase. The presence of clay minerals and pyrite will also decrease the Resistivity Close

• 15. [Image] Geothermal Investigations in Idaho. Part 8. Heat Flow Study of the Snake River Plain Region, Idaho

  	The Snake River Plain of Idaho has recent lava flows and a large number of thermal springs and wells. A heat flow study was initiated which, together with available geological and geophysical information, ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Geothermal Investigations in Idaho. Part 8. Heat Flow Study of the Snake River Plain Region, Idaho Author: Brott, C.A. Year: 1976 The Snake River Plain of Idaho has recent lava flows and a large number of thermal springs and wells. A heat flow study was initiated which, together with available geological and geophysical information, allows a better definition of the geothermal resource and evaluation of the geothermal potential. Local geothermal anomalies were not the objects of this study and have not been studied in detail. The quality of the heat flow values obtained varies as interpretation was necessary to determine geothermal gradients for many of the holes which had disturbances. A major problem in determining the heat flow values is the lack of knowledge of the in situ porosity of the rocks. The heat flow values obtained for the Eastern Snake River Plain are from shallow wells (< 200 m), hence the heat flow there is low (< 0.5 HFU) because of the water movement in the Snake Plain aquifer. The anomalous regional heat flow pattern around the Snake River Plain, together with other geophysical and geological data, suggest the presence of a major crustal heat source. With the exception of the area of the Snake Plain aquifer, high geothermal gradients were found in all areas of southern Idaho (40 to 100/sup 0/C/km). Temperatures hot enough for space heating can be found most anywhere in the Plain at relatively shallow depths (1 to 2 km). Temperatures hot enough for electrical power generation (200/sup 0/C) can be found beneath southern Idaho almost anywhere at depths of 3 to 4 kilometers. The Plain is fault bounded and hot water circulating along the fault zones from depths can be a very important geothermal resource at shallow depths. The margins of the Plain have the highest heat flow values, are the most faulted, and have possibly the highest geothermal resource potential Title: Geothermal Investigations in Idaho. Part 8. Heat Flow Study of the Snake River Plain Region, Idaho Author: Brott, C.A. Year: 1976 The Snake River Plain of Idaho has recent lava flows and a large number of thermal springs and wells. A heat flow study was initiated which, together with available geological and geophysical information, allows a better definition of the geothermal resource and evaluation of the geothermal potential. Local geothermal anomalies were not the objects of this study and have not been studied in detail. The quality of the heat flow values obtained varies as interpretation was necessary to determine geothermal gradients for many of the holes which had disturbances. A major problem in determining the heat flow values is the lack of knowledge of the in situ porosity of the rocks. The heat flow values obtained for the Eastern Snake River Plain are from shallow wells (< 200 m), hence the heat flow there is low (< 0.5 HFU) because of the water movement in the Snake Plain aquifer. The anomalous regional heat flow pattern around the Snake River Plain, together with other geophysical and geological data, suggest the presence of a major crustal heat source. With the exception of the area of the Snake Plain aquifer, high geothermal gradients were found in all areas of southern Idaho (40 to 100/sup 0/C/km). Temperatures hot enough for space heating can be found most anywhere in the Plain at relatively shallow depths (1 to 2 km). Temperatures hot enough for electrical power generation (200/sup 0/C) can be found beneath southern Idaho almost anywhere at depths of 3 to 4 kilometers. The Plain is fault bounded and hot water circulating along the fault zones from depths can be a very important geothermal resource at shallow depths. The margins of the Plain have the highest heat flow values, are the most faulted, and have possibly the highest geothermal resource potential Close

• 16. [Image] Geological and Geophysical Study of the Origin of the Warm Springs in Bath County, Virginia. Final Report, June 1, 1975--April 30, 1976

  	The results of heat flow determinations and a reconnaissance dipole electrical resistivity survey in Bath County are described. A geologic map was compiled based on published maps and supported by reconnaissance ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Geological and Geophysical Study of the Origin of the Warm Springs in Bath County, Virginia. Final Report, June 1, 1975--April 30, 1976 Author: Costain, J.K. Year: 1976 The results of heat flow determinations and a reconnaissance dipole electrical resistivity survey in Bath County are described. A geologic map was compiled based on published maps and supported by reconnaissance geologic mapping in areas where published maps were not available. A regional bipole--dipole electrical resistivity survey was made in order to detect the presence of resistivity lows that might be associated with a geothermal system at depth. A single hole was drilled to a depth of approximately 300 m (approx. 1000 feet) to obtain a heat flow value that is representative of the area. The data were used to attempt to arrive at a model that unambiguously explains the origin of the thermal springs Title: Geological and Geophysical Study of the Origin of the Warm Springs in Bath County, Virginia. Final Report, June 1, 1975--April 30, 1976 Author: Costain, J.K. Year: 1976 The results of heat flow determinations and a reconnaissance dipole electrical resistivity survey in Bath County are described. A geologic map was compiled based on published maps and supported by reconnaissance geologic mapping in areas where published maps were not available. A regional bipole--dipole electrical resistivity survey was made in order to detect the presence of resistivity lows that might be associated with a geothermal system at depth. A single hole was drilled to a depth of approximately 300 m (approx. 1000 feet) to obtain a heat flow value that is representative of the area. The data were used to attempt to arrive at a model that unambiguously explains the origin of the thermal springs Close

• 17. [Image] Low-Temperature Geothermal Reservoir Site Evaluation in Arizona. Quarterly Progress Report, August 1, 1977--October 31, 1977

  	Progress in the development of a cost-effective exploration program for low- to moderate-temperature geothermal resources is reported. As part of this program two or three demonstration projects in Arizona ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Low-Temperature Geothermal Reservoir Site Evaluation in Arizona. Quarterly Progress Report, August 1, 1977--October 31, 1977 Author: Hahman, W.R. Sr. Year: 1977 Progress in the development of a cost-effective exploration program for low- to moderate-temperature geothermal resources is reported. As part of this program two or three demonstration projects in Arizona will be brought on stream. The site-specific exploration, evaluation and development program as well as the state wide reconnaissance exploration program is continuing. The compilation of data for a geothermal energy resource map of Arizona has commenced. Geological field work was directed towards obtaining a broad overview of Arizona geology and regional reconnaissance in the Springerville - St. Johns area. All outside projects are on schedule and the Landsat lineament map and report have been completed Title: Low-Temperature Geothermal Reservoir Site Evaluation in Arizona. Quarterly Progress Report, August 1, 1977--October 31, 1977 Author: Hahman, W.R. Sr. Year: 1977 Progress in the development of a cost-effective exploration program for low- to moderate-temperature geothermal resources is reported. As part of this program two or three demonstration projects in Arizona will be brought on stream. The site-specific exploration, evaluation and development program as well as the state wide reconnaissance exploration program is continuing. The compilation of data for a geothermal energy resource map of Arizona has commenced. Geological field work was directed towards obtaining a broad overview of Arizona geology and regional reconnaissance in the Springerville - St. Johns area. All outside projects are on schedule and the Landsat lineament map and report have been completed Close

• 18. [Image] Drilling, Completion, and Testing of Geothermal Wells CD-1 and CD-2 Caliente, Nevada

  	The City of Caliente's interest in geothermal energy has grown from a perfunctory acknowledgement of the resources existence in the City's boundaries to a resounding affirmation of the City's need to utilize ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Drilling, Completion, and Testing of Geothermal Wells CD-1 and CD-2 Caliente, Nevada Author: Flynn, T. Year: 1983 The City of Caliente's interest in geothermal energy has grown from a perfunctory acknowledgement of the resources existence in the City's boundaries to a resounding affirmation of the City's need to utilize the resource to its fullest potential. This ongoing metamorphosis of thought and opinion is largely due to the contributions of people and events in harmony with this beneficial natural resource Title: Drilling, Completion, and Testing of Geothermal Wells CD-1 and CD-2 Caliente, Nevada Author: Flynn, T. Year: 1983 The City of Caliente's interest in geothermal energy has grown from a perfunctory acknowledgement of the resources existence in the City's boundaries to a resounding affirmation of the City's need to utilize the resource to its fullest potential. This ongoing metamorphosis of thought and opinion is largely due to the contributions of people and events in harmony with this beneficial natural resource Close

• 19. [Image] A Time Domain Survey of the Los Alamos Region, New Mexico

  	A time domain electromagnetic sounding survey of the region surrounding the city of Los Alamos, New Mexico was carried out. The results show that a linear trough, trending northeast--southwest runs beneath ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A Time Domain Survey of the Los Alamos Region, New Mexico Author: Williston, McNeiI and Associates Year: 1979 A time domain electromagnetic sounding survey of the region surrounding the city of Los Alamos, New Mexico was carried out. The results show that a linear trough, trending northeast--southwest runs beneath the city. The southern boundary is somewhat to the south of the city, the northern boundary was not established. The geoelectric section consists of three layers and the total thickness of the section is in excess of 3 000 m. The resistivities of the second layer are as low as 2.5 ..cap omega.. m. If the salinities are in the region of 7 000 ppm, the resistivities could indicate that water with a temperature of 150/sup 0/C may be found at a depth of 3 000 m. Title: A Time Domain Survey of the Los Alamos Region, New Mexico Author: Williston, McNeiI and Associates Year: 1979 A time domain electromagnetic sounding survey of the region surrounding the city of Los Alamos, New Mexico was carried out. The results show that a linear trough, trending northeast--southwest runs beneath the city. The southern boundary is somewhat to the south of the city, the northern boundary was not established. The geoelectric section consists of three layers and the total thickness of the section is in excess of 3 000 m. The resistivities of the second layer are as low as 2.5 ..cap omega.. m. If the salinities are in the region of 7 000 ppm, the resistivities could indicate that water with a temperature of 150/sup 0/C may be found at a depth of 3 000 m. Close

• 20. [Image] Evaluation and Targeting of Geothermal Energy Resources in the Southeastern United States. Progress Report, May 1, 1976--October 31, 1976

  	Progress is reported in the development of procedures for the evaluation of low-temperature radiogenically-derived geothermal resources in the eastern United States utilizing geological geochemical, and ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Evaluation and Targeting of Geothermal Energy Resources in the Southeastern United States. Progress Report, May 1, 1976--October 31, 1976 Author: Costain, J.K. Year: 1976 Progress is reported in the development of procedures for the evaluation of low-temperature radiogenically-derived geothermal resources in the eastern United States utilizing geological geochemical, and geophysical data. An optimum site for geothermal development in the tectonically stable eastern United States will probably be associated with crustal igneous rocks containing relatively high concentrations of radiogenic heat-producing elements buried beneath an insulating blanket of sediments of low thermal conductivity. Evaluation of plutonic rocks exposed in the Piedmont will aid in the interpretation of gravity and magnetic data for the Atlantic Coastal Plain. Initial results of determination of heat generation from surface samples in South Caroline are encouraging, especially if granitic igneous rocks of similar heat generation can be found beneath sedimentary insulation. Continues logging of existing wells in Coastal Plain sediments supports earlier conclusion that these sediments do behave as efficient sedimentary insulators. Higher temperatures appear to be reached at shallower depths for wells drilled in Coastal Plain sediments in the vicinity of the Georgetown, South Carolina gravity law. Detailed structural mapping in the vicinity of the warm springs in northwestern Virginia has confirmed structural control of the warm springs, and has revealed the existence of kink bands. The kink bands could be related to the development of zones of vertical permeability which serve as conduits in sedimentary rocks for ascending hot water. Title: Evaluation and Targeting of Geothermal Energy Resources in the Southeastern United States. Progress Report, May 1, 1976--October 31, 1976 Author: Costain, J.K. Year: 1976 Progress is reported in the development of procedures for the evaluation of low-temperature radiogenically-derived geothermal resources in the eastern United States utilizing geological geochemical, and geophysical data. An optimum site for geothermal development in the tectonically stable eastern United States will probably be associated with crustal igneous rocks containing relatively high concentrations of radiogenic heat-producing elements buried beneath an insulating blanket of sediments of low thermal conductivity. Evaluation of plutonic rocks exposed in the Piedmont will aid in the interpretation of gravity and magnetic data for the Atlantic Coastal Plain. Initial results of determination of heat generation from surface samples in South Caroline are encouraging, especially if granitic igneous rocks of similar heat generation can be found beneath sedimentary insulation. Continues logging of existing wells in Coastal Plain sediments supports earlier conclusion that these sediments do behave as efficient sedimentary insulators. Higher temperatures appear to be reached at shallower depths for wells drilled in Coastal Plain sediments in the vicinity of the Georgetown, South Carolina gravity law. Detailed structural mapping in the vicinity of the warm springs in northwestern Virginia has confirmed structural control of the warm springs, and has revealed the existence of kink bands. The kink bands could be related to the development of zones of vertical permeability which serve as conduits in sedimentary rocks for ascending hot water. Close