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• 1. [Article] The need of increased public regulation in private forestry

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The need of increased public regulation in private forestry Author: Hammack, Brice L. Title: The need of increased public regulation in private forestry Author: Hammack, Brice L. Close

• 2. [Article] The United States forest policy

  Gerald W. Williams Collection

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The United States forest policy Author: Ise, John, 1885- Gerald W. Williams Collection Title: The United States forest policy Author: Ise, John, 1885- Gerald W. Williams Collection Close

• 3. [Article] The principal laws relating to the establishment and administration of the National forests and to other Forest Service activities

  Gerald W. Williams Collection

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The principal laws relating to the establishment and administration of the National forests and to other Forest Service activities Author: United States. Forest Service. Division of Legislative Reporting and Liaison Gerald W. Williams Collection Title: The principal laws relating to the establishment and administration of the National forests and to other Forest Service activities Author: United States. Forest Service. Division of Legislative Reporting and Liaison Gerald W. Williams Collection Close

• 4. [Article] Contracts for woodland owners

  Revised January 2005. Revised July 2014. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Contracts for woodland owners Author: Bowers, S. (Steven Clay), Oregon State University. Extension Service Revised January 2005. Revised July 2014. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog Title: Contracts for woodland owners Author: Bowers, S. (Steven Clay), Oregon State University. Extension Service Revised January 2005. Revised July 2014. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog Close

• 5. [Article] A case study of Forest Service legislation in the legislative process : the Small Tracts Act

  Gerald W. Williams Collection

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A case study of Forest Service legislation in the legislative process : the Small Tracts Act Author: United States. Forest Service. Legislative Affairs Gerald W. Williams Collection Title: A case study of Forest Service legislation in the legislative process : the Small Tracts Act Author: United States. Forest Service. Legislative Affairs Gerald W. Williams Collection Close

• 6. [Article] Contracts for woodland owners and Christmas tree growers

  Revised January 2005. A more recent revision exists. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://ex...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Contracts for woodland owners and Christmas tree growers Author: Oregon State University. Extension Service, Bowers, S. (Steven Clay) Revised January 2005. A more recent revision exists. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog Title: Contracts for woodland owners and Christmas tree growers Author: Oregon State University. Extension Service, Bowers, S. (Steven Clay) Revised January 2005. A more recent revision exists. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog Close

• 7. [Article] Contracts for woodland owners and Christmas trees growers

  Published August 1986. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalo...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Contracts for woodland owners and Christmas trees growers Author: Mukatis, W. Alfred, Sutherland, Charles F., Oregon State University. Extension Service Published August 1986. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog Title: Contracts for woodland owners and Christmas trees growers Author: Mukatis, W. Alfred, Sutherland, Charles F., Oregon State University. Extension Service Published August 1986. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog Close

• 8. [Article] Judicial deference and its potential effect on agency science and natural resource management

  The USDA Forest Services' actions have come under greater scrutiny by a public that has become increasingly concerned with the legality of their actions. Often, challenges involve the quality of science ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Judicial deference and its potential effect on agency science and natural resource management Author: Grisa, Amanda Marie Schenk The USDA Forest Services' actions have come under greater scrutiny by a public that has become increasingly concerned with the legality of their actions. Often, challenges involve the quality of science used in the decision-making. Congress has mandated that the agency use the "best available science" in its decision making in various relevant environmental statutes and rules, like NEPA, ESA, NFMA, and its 2012 Forest Planning Rule. A question remains of how the judiciary will evaluate the use of science by the agency to analyze the impacts of its actions. The judiciary has developed various precedence to determine the appropriate level of deference, authorized by the APA§706, granted to the agency when determining the legality of these actions. An agency may be granted deference, or a yield judgment by the court, when analyzing its compliance with a rule or statute it administers. There are various types of deference that can be applied during the review of an agency action based on the type of action and the root of the claim, these include Chevron, Skidmore, Auer, and no deference. The judiciary has applied these precedence's that granted this deference to the Forest Service's actions inconsistently. Deference was high in the 1980s, but fell through the 1990s, and finally reaching an ultimate low in 2007. It is hypothesized that Lands Council v. McNair, 2008 (Lands Council III), a case focused on a project aimed at restoring the natural composition of the forest through various silvicultural techniques, has established Stare Decisis in that it returned a decision that established the judicial policy of agency review toward a standard of high deference. Through a case analysis of the methods of USDA Forest Service science and the reasoning of its use by the agency of 45 cases in the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, we have examined the importance of Lands Council III. This is seen in the realignment of the appellate and district court after the Lands Council III decision and the acceptance of the 2012 Forest Planning Rule, requiring a higher level of "best available science" towards a high level of deference to the USDA Forest Service. This is in regard to the science used to satisfy the requirements of the relevant environmental statutes and rules. The previous inconsistencies in review over time of the USDA Forest Service in the appellate court, and from the district court to the appellate court, have resulted in a lapse in the nexus of the law and science to allow for effective natural resource management and policy. The future policy implications after the result of Lands Council III and the 2012 Forest Planning Rule and the various levels of deference granted to the agency by the court are many, and can have varying affects on the way we produce science and manage our natural resources. Title: Judicial deference and its potential effect on agency science and natural resource management Author: Grisa, Amanda Marie Schenk The USDA Forest Services' actions have come under greater scrutiny by a public that has become increasingly concerned with the legality of their actions. Often, challenges involve the quality of science used in the decision-making. Congress has mandated that the agency use the "best available science" in its decision making in various relevant environmental statutes and rules, like NEPA, ESA, NFMA, and its 2012 Forest Planning Rule. A question remains of how the judiciary will evaluate the use of science by the agency to analyze the impacts of its actions. The judiciary has developed various precedence to determine the appropriate level of deference, authorized by the APA§706, granted to the agency when determining the legality of these actions. An agency may be granted deference, or a yield judgment by the court, when analyzing its compliance with a rule or statute it administers. There are various types of deference that can be applied during the review of an agency action based on the type of action and the root of the claim, these include Chevron, Skidmore, Auer, and no deference. The judiciary has applied these precedence's that granted this deference to the Forest Service's actions inconsistently. Deference was high in the 1980s, but fell through the 1990s, and finally reaching an ultimate low in 2007. It is hypothesized that Lands Council v. McNair, 2008 (Lands Council III), a case focused on a project aimed at restoring the natural composition of the forest through various silvicultural techniques, has established Stare Decisis in that it returned a decision that established the judicial policy of agency review toward a standard of high deference. Through a case analysis of the methods of USDA Forest Service science and the reasoning of its use by the agency of 45 cases in the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, we have examined the importance of Lands Council III. This is seen in the realignment of the appellate and district court after the Lands Council III decision and the acceptance of the 2012 Forest Planning Rule, requiring a higher level of "best available science" towards a high level of deference to the USDA Forest Service. This is in regard to the science used to satisfy the requirements of the relevant environmental statutes and rules. The previous inconsistencies in review over time of the USDA Forest Service in the appellate court, and from the district court to the appellate court, have resulted in a lapse in the nexus of the law and science to allow for effective natural resource management and policy. The future policy implications after the result of Lands Council III and the 2012 Forest Planning Rule and the various levels of deference granted to the agency by the court are many, and can have varying affects on the way we produce science and manage our natural resources. Close

• 9. [Article] Implications of the 2008 Lacey Act amendments : insights from the wood products industry

  Export-oriented illegal logging has been recognized as a major global problem in environmental, social, and economic terms. It has been argued that export-oriented illegal logging does not benefit the ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Implications of the 2008 Lacey Act amendments : insights from the wood products industry Author: Tibbets, Ashlee Export-oriented illegal logging has been recognized as a major global problem in environmental, social, and economic terms. It has been argued that export-oriented illegal logging does not benefit the community or government that should be benefited by its own natural resources. The emergence of policy initiatives targeting illegal logging could have the potential to increase the competitiveness of legally sourced timber products by removing illegal products from the market of the consuming country. The US Lacey Act amendments of 2008 set a precedent for the global trade in plants and plant products by putting in place incentives for US wood products importing companies to demand legally sourced and traded wood. This research addresses how the 2008 Lacey Act amendments have impacted the US wood industry, and how those affected by the amendments view the future of environmental policy and global illegal logging as impacted by the amendments. The majority of respondents in this study agree that steps should be taken to decrease global illegal logging, but some aren't convinced that the Lacey Act amendments will ultimately have the desired effect. According to this research, most US wood importers have made small changes to their operational practices. This study indicates the possibility that though US wood importers feel the responsibility to ensure their companies are compliant with legislation, they are not sure the 2008 Lacey Act amendments will ultimately hinder global illegal logging. Included in this study are also suggestions from US wood importers regarding policy implementation. These suggestions include an increase in communication between the US government and US wood products companies, an increase in future research, and the possibility of focusing the Lacey Act on certain high-risk regions. Title: Implications of the 2008 Lacey Act amendments : insights from the wood products industry Author: Tibbets, Ashlee Export-oriented illegal logging has been recognized as a major global problem in environmental, social, and economic terms. It has been argued that export-oriented illegal logging does not benefit the community or government that should be benefited by its own natural resources. The emergence of policy initiatives targeting illegal logging could have the potential to increase the competitiveness of legally sourced timber products by removing illegal products from the market of the consuming country. The US Lacey Act amendments of 2008 set a precedent for the global trade in plants and plant products by putting in place incentives for US wood products importing companies to demand legally sourced and traded wood. This research addresses how the 2008 Lacey Act amendments have impacted the US wood industry, and how those affected by the amendments view the future of environmental policy and global illegal logging as impacted by the amendments. The majority of respondents in this study agree that steps should be taken to decrease global illegal logging, but some aren't convinced that the Lacey Act amendments will ultimately have the desired effect. According to this research, most US wood importers have made small changes to their operational practices. This study indicates the possibility that though US wood importers feel the responsibility to ensure their companies are compliant with legislation, they are not sure the 2008 Lacey Act amendments will ultimately hinder global illegal logging. Included in this study are also suggestions from US wood importers regarding policy implementation. These suggestions include an increase in communication between the US government and US wood products companies, an increase in future research, and the possibility of focusing the Lacey Act on certain high-risk regions. Close