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• 1. [Article] Fire prevention working group

  Using the existing ODF program as a guide, this report will stress the importance of cooperation and collaboration between agencies, landowners, industry, and citizens to create more successful public ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Fire prevention working group Author: Oregon Department of Forestry, Institute for Natural Resources Using the existing ODF program as a guide, this report will stress the importance of cooperation and collaboration between agencies, landowners, industry, and citizens to create more successful public awareness and education programs. In this report we discuss improved Department emphasis on prevention, better training for those who need to implement fire prevention outreach, small changes in State statutes, and more focused education efforts to increase citizen understanding of their responsibility in wildfire prevention. This report will also show the need to shift gears and help the public recognize that human-caused wildfires are largely the result of landowner activities on their own lands. Additionally, we will describe the need for a formal training program – cooperatively financed and managed by federal, state, and private agencies – for fire prevention professionals who serve in pubic education and outreach roles. Finally this report will emphasize that while it is essential to increase public awareness of the wildfire problem through contacts at fairs, home shows, and other public events, it is through targeted public education that behaviors can best be modified or changed. Title: Fire prevention working group Author: Oregon Department of Forestry, Institute for Natural Resources Using the existing ODF program as a guide, this report will stress the importance of cooperation and collaboration between agencies, landowners, industry, and citizens to create more successful public awareness and education programs. In this report we discuss improved Department emphasis on prevention, better training for those who need to implement fire prevention outreach, small changes in State statutes, and more focused education efforts to increase citizen understanding of their responsibility in wildfire prevention. This report will also show the need to shift gears and help the public recognize that human-caused wildfires are largely the result of landowner activities on their own lands. Additionally, we will describe the need for a formal training program – cooperatively financed and managed by federal, state, and private agencies – for fire prevention professionals who serve in pubic education and outreach roles. Finally this report will emphasize that while it is essential to increase public awareness of the wildfire problem through contacts at fairs, home shows, and other public events, it is through targeted public education that behaviors can best be modified or changed. Close

• 2. [Article] Thinning and in-stream wood recruitment in riparian second growth forests in coastal Oregon and the use of buffers and tree tipping as mitigation

  To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The article is copyrighted by Northeast Forestry ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Thinning and in-stream wood recruitment in riparian second growth forests in coastal Oregon and the use of buffers and tree tipping as mitigation Author: Litschert, S. E., Reeves, Gordon, Pabst, Robert, Benda, Lee E. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The article is copyrighted by Northeast Forestry University and Springer-Verlag. It is published by Springer. It can be found at: http://link.springer.com/journal/11676 Title: Thinning and in-stream wood recruitment in riparian second growth forests in coastal Oregon and the use of buffers and tree tipping as mitigation Author: Litschert, S. E., Reeves, Gordon, Pabst, Robert, Benda, Lee E. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The article is copyrighted by Northeast Forestry University and Springer-Verlag. It is published by Springer. It can be found at: http://link.springer.com/journal/11676 Close

• 3. [Article] Protection from fire program review: implementation plan

  This document describes strategies and specific actions that will be undertaken to implement recommendations that emerged from a comprehensive review of the Oregon Department of Forestry (ODF) Protection ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Protection from fire program review: implementation plan Author: Oregon Department of Forestry, Institute for Natural Resources This document describes strategies and specific actions that will be undertaken to implement recommendations that emerged from a comprehensive review of the Oregon Department of Forestry (ODF) Protection from Fire Program. The fire funding/budgeting review was conducted by ODF in 2004 as directed by the 2003 Oregon Legislature. State Forester Marvin Brown expanded the review to include six topical workgroups involving a diverse group of stakeholders. Each workgroup met several times in 2004 and developed a report detailing their strategies and recommendations for revising, refining and updating program components. Recommendations from each report were collated into a master document, clarified and integrated by the Steering Committee, and further refined based on stakeholder input. ODF proposes to implement Fire Program Review recommendations using a two-pronged approach of rapidly implementing relatively straightforward action items while at the same time identifying and initiating the sustained efforts that will be needed to accomplish the more difficult and complex high priority tasks. Title: Protection from fire program review: implementation plan Author: Oregon Department of Forestry, Institute for Natural Resources This document describes strategies and specific actions that will be undertaken to implement recommendations that emerged from a comprehensive review of the Oregon Department of Forestry (ODF) Protection from Fire Program. The fire funding/budgeting review was conducted by ODF in 2004 as directed by the 2003 Oregon Legislature. State Forester Marvin Brown expanded the review to include six topical workgroups involving a diverse group of stakeholders. Each workgroup met several times in 2004 and developed a report detailing their strategies and recommendations for revising, refining and updating program components. Recommendations from each report were collated into a master document, clarified and integrated by the Steering Committee, and further refined based on stakeholder input. ODF proposes to implement Fire Program Review recommendations using a two-pronged approach of rapidly implementing relatively straightforward action items while at the same time identifying and initiating the sustained efforts that will be needed to accomplish the more difficult and complex high priority tasks. Close

• 4. [Article] Expressing Oregon environmental benchmarks in ecological terms: recommendations to the Oregon progress board

  A multidisciplinary team of scientists (Appendix 1) examined 10 of the 16 environmental benchmarks that are tracked by the Oregon Progress Board. The intent of the environmental benchmarks is to provide ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Expressing Oregon environmental benchmarks in ecological terms: recommendations to the Oregon progress board Author: Oregon State University, Norris, Logan A. (Logan Allen), Institute for Natural Resources, Nicholas, Jay, Salwasser, Hal, Oregon Water Enhancement Board A multidisciplinary team of scientists (Appendix 1) examined 10 of the 16 environmental benchmarks that are tracked by the Oregon Progress Board. The intent of the environmental benchmarks is to provide a fair assessment of the status and trends of Oregon's environmental health. The scientists were asked to clarify benchmark definitions if necessary, explain the status of data for the benchmarks, and define ecologically possible conditions for each of those benchmarks for which such conditions could be identified. Title: Expressing Oregon environmental benchmarks in ecological terms: recommendations to the Oregon progress board Author: Oregon State University, Norris, Logan A. (Logan Allen), Institute for Natural Resources, Nicholas, Jay, Salwasser, Hal, Oregon Water Enhancement Board A multidisciplinary team of scientists (Appendix 1) examined 10 of the 16 environmental benchmarks that are tracked by the Oregon Progress Board. The intent of the environmental benchmarks is to provide a fair assessment of the status and trends of Oregon's environmental health. The scientists were asked to clarify benchmark definitions if necessary, explain the status of data for the benchmarks, and define ecologically possible conditions for each of those benchmarks for which such conditions could be identified. Close

• 5. [Article] Report of the forest fuels and hazard mitigation committee to the Oregon Department of Forestry and Oregon Fire Program Review

  Many Oregon communities face serious and growing risks from wildfires. These fires are increasingly large and severe after many decades of fire suppression and land use changes, flammable fuel buildups ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Report of the forest fuels and hazard mitigation committee to the Oregon Department of Forestry and Oregon Fire Program Review Author: Institute for Natural Resources, Behan, Jeff, Lynn, Kathy Many Oregon communities face serious and growing risks from wildfires. These fires are increasingly large and severe after many decades of fire suppression and land use changes, flammable fuel buildups and interactions with climate. The wildland-urban interface (WUI) continues to expand as people relocate to rural areas where they often expect structural fire protection similar to what they experienced in cities. But conditions are different in rural communities located in fire-prone forests. The risk of severe wildfire is greater and limited resources are available to deal with severe fires when they break out. Fire prevention and suppression without vegetation management to reduce accumulated fuels has and will result in a continuation of uncharacteristically severe, stand-replacing wildfires, particularly in eastern and southwestern Oregon. These fires are difficult and expensive to control. They also place firefighters at high risk. Federal, state and rural fire protection agencies are struggling to cope as wildfire threats, costs, and the scope of protection responsibilities continue to increase. Federal agencies have initiated efforts to reduce hazardous fuels and increase community wildfire readiness as directed by the 2000 National Fire Plan (NFP) and 2003 Healthy Forests Restoration Act (HFRA). These mandates are now being implemented at multiple levels with every effort to coordinate for greater efficiency. As part of the 2004 Oregon Fire Program Review, the Oregon Department of Forestry (ODF) formed the Forest Fuels and Hazard Mitigation (FFHM) Committee to assess hazardous fuel loading issues, and recommend ways to reduce risk, and improve and strengthen the multiple hazard mitigation strategies in Oregon. Title: Report of the forest fuels and hazard mitigation committee to the Oregon Department of Forestry and Oregon Fire Program Review Author: Institute for Natural Resources, Behan, Jeff, Lynn, Kathy Many Oregon communities face serious and growing risks from wildfires. These fires are increasingly large and severe after many decades of fire suppression and land use changes, flammable fuel buildups and interactions with climate. The wildland-urban interface (WUI) continues to expand as people relocate to rural areas where they often expect structural fire protection similar to what they experienced in cities. But conditions are different in rural communities located in fire-prone forests. The risk of severe wildfire is greater and limited resources are available to deal with severe fires when they break out. Fire prevention and suppression without vegetation management to reduce accumulated fuels has and will result in a continuation of uncharacteristically severe, stand-replacing wildfires, particularly in eastern and southwestern Oregon. These fires are difficult and expensive to control. They also place firefighters at high risk. Federal, state and rural fire protection agencies are struggling to cope as wildfire threats, costs, and the scope of protection responsibilities continue to increase. Federal agencies have initiated efforts to reduce hazardous fuels and increase community wildfire readiness as directed by the 2000 National Fire Plan (NFP) and 2003 Healthy Forests Restoration Act (HFRA). These mandates are now being implemented at multiple levels with every effort to coordinate for greater efficiency. As part of the 2004 Oregon Fire Program Review, the Oregon Department of Forestry (ODF) formed the Forest Fuels and Hazard Mitigation (FFHM) Committee to assess hazardous fuel loading issues, and recommend ways to reduce risk, and improve and strengthen the multiple hazard mitigation strategies in Oregon. Close

• 6. [Article] Forestry

  Posted by permission of Cambridge Scientific Abstracts (CSA). (c) CSA 2004. All rights reserved.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Forestry Author: Avery, Bonnie E. Posted by permission of Cambridge Scientific Abstracts (CSA). (c) CSA 2004. All rights reserved. Title: Forestry Author: Avery, Bonnie E. Posted by permission of Cambridge Scientific Abstracts (CSA). (c) CSA 2004. All rights reserved. Close

• 7. [Article] Forestry

  Posted by permission of Cambridge Scientific Abstracts (CSA). (c) CSA 2005. All rights reserved.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Forestry Author: Avery, Bonnie E. Posted by permission of Cambridge Scientific Abstracts (CSA). (c) CSA 2005. All rights reserved. Title: Forestry Author: Avery, Bonnie E. Posted by permission of Cambridge Scientific Abstracts (CSA). (c) CSA 2005. All rights reserved. Close

• 8. [Article] Forestry

  Posted by permission of Cambridge Scientific Abstracts (CSA). (c) CSA 2007. All rights reserved.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Forestry Author: Avery, Bonnie E. Posted by permission of Cambridge Scientific Abstracts (CSA). (c) CSA 2007. All rights reserved. Title: Forestry Author: Avery, Bonnie E. Posted by permission of Cambridge Scientific Abstracts (CSA). (c) CSA 2007. All rights reserved. Close

• 9. [Article] An optimization model to allocate forestry incentives funds in teak plantations of the southern-coastal region of Guatemala

  Guatemala is internationally recognized as a country suitable to invest in the forestry industry. The first Guatemalan Forest Incentive Program – PINFOR- was implemented in 1996 to foster local forestry ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: An optimization model to allocate forestry incentives funds in teak plantations of the southern-coastal region of Guatemala Author: Pavez, Ricardo Guatemala is internationally recognized as a country suitable to invest in the forestry industry. The first Guatemalan Forest Incentive Program – PINFOR- was implemented in 1996 to foster local forestry through cost-sharing. However, it lacks both formal land use planning processes and mechanisms to assess economic potential of projects, so it is questionable whether funds have been invested efficiently. Subsidies as a means to stimulate productive activities have been the subject of criticism and controversy, even though they have been effectively applied in other Latin American forestry sectors. Effects of subsidies and the landowner response to assistance have been relevant topics in international research. Little work however is encountered regarding project-level public funding allocation criteria. In the 1970s, Murphy (1976a; 1976b) and Gregersen et al. (1979) developed rational criteria to allocate public funding among projects which combined economic assessments, investment financial need estimation, program budget limitations, ranking-based selections and linear programming. These works provide the basis to develop a pilot, regional-scaled study in the Southern-Coastal region of Guatemala reported here. This study proposes a multi-period mixed integer linear programming model to allocate public funding from the PINFOR program among 101 simulated teak projects within a 15 year future planning horizon. Simulation is performed with stochastic assignment of project size, locally representative silviculture, timber production and land market features, and geographically located through spatial analysis. Economic analysis of project financial performance yields optimal rotation ages of 9 to 14 years at social and private discount rates between 8% and 14%. The model formulation provides an optimal solution to the 15-year funding allocation problem faced by PINFOR that maximizes long-term contribution of projects to social benefits. Model requirements include compliance with program budget limitations and non-economic requirements of forest cover and future employment. Within the pool of projects simulated, between 38 and 88 are evaluated as socially profitable depending on the discounting scenario and the rotation regime, but only between 18 and 46 meet the condition of socially profitable – privately unprofitable. Optimal allocation assigns about 1,200 hectares to future enrollment in the PINFOR program. Financial requirement is estimated as strongly variable and ranges between $0 and $2,603 per hectare. The optimal overall social benefit from the simulated project base ranges between $3.3 and $5.6 million of net present value with a strong allocation of the most socially profitable projects within the first four years. Present value of the subsidy allocation is estimated as of $90,700 for the lower discounting scenario to $306,300 for the higher discounting scenario, and allocation strongly favors the single rotation regime within the region. One of most interesting outcomes of the study is that the optimization model and the Gregersen et al. methodology allocate funding similarly even while they are methodologically different; the general rule is that projects highly socially profitable and requiring little financial assistance are preferred for an earlier allocation. Title: An optimization model to allocate forestry incentives funds in teak plantations of the southern-coastal region of Guatemala Author: Pavez, Ricardo Guatemala is internationally recognized as a country suitable to invest in the forestry industry. The first Guatemalan Forest Incentive Program – PINFOR- was implemented in 1996 to foster local forestry through cost-sharing. However, it lacks both formal land use planning processes and mechanisms to assess economic potential of projects, so it is questionable whether funds have been invested efficiently. Subsidies as a means to stimulate productive activities have been the subject of criticism and controversy, even though they have been effectively applied in other Latin American forestry sectors. Effects of subsidies and the landowner response to assistance have been relevant topics in international research. Little work however is encountered regarding project-level public funding allocation criteria. In the 1970s, Murphy (1976a; 1976b) and Gregersen et al. (1979) developed rational criteria to allocate public funding among projects which combined economic assessments, investment financial need estimation, program budget limitations, ranking-based selections and linear programming. These works provide the basis to develop a pilot, regional-scaled study in the Southern-Coastal region of Guatemala reported here. This study proposes a multi-period mixed integer linear programming model to allocate public funding from the PINFOR program among 101 simulated teak projects within a 15 year future planning horizon. Simulation is performed with stochastic assignment of project size, locally representative silviculture, timber production and land market features, and geographically located through spatial analysis. Economic analysis of project financial performance yields optimal rotation ages of 9 to 14 years at social and private discount rates between 8% and 14%. The model formulation provides an optimal solution to the 15-year funding allocation problem faced by PINFOR that maximizes long-term contribution of projects to social benefits. Model requirements include compliance with program budget limitations and non-economic requirements of forest cover and future employment. Within the pool of projects simulated, between 38 and 88 are evaluated as socially profitable depending on the discounting scenario and the rotation regime, but only between 18 and 46 meet the condition of socially profitable – privately unprofitable. Optimal allocation assigns about 1,200 hectares to future enrollment in the PINFOR program. Financial requirement is estimated as strongly variable and ranges between $0 and $2,603 per hectare. The optimal overall social benefit from the simulated project base ranges between $3.3 and $5.6 million of net present value with a strong allocation of the most socially profitable projects within the first four years. Present value of the subsidy allocation is estimated as of $90,700 for the lower discounting scenario to $306,300 for the higher discounting scenario, and allocation strongly favors the single rotation regime within the region. One of most interesting outcomes of the study is that the optimization model and the Gregersen et al. methodology allocate funding similarly even while they are methodologically different; the general rule is that projects highly socially profitable and requiring little financial assistance are preferred for an earlier allocation. Close

• 10. [Article] Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) : what we can and cannot see in the forest for the trees

  Recently concerns over anthropogenic carbon pollution have received increased global attention and research in forest biomass and carbon sequestration has gained momentum. Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) : what we can and cannot see in the forest for the trees Author: Edson, Curtis B. Recently concerns over anthropogenic carbon pollution have received increased global attention and research in forest biomass and carbon sequestration has gained momentum. Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) remote sensing has in the last decade demonstrated forest measurement and biomass estimation potential. The project objective was to compare LiDAR forest biomass estimates to traditional field biomass estimates in a conifer predominant forest located in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. Chapter 2 of this dissertation investigated mapping-grade GPS accuracy in determining tree locations. Results indicated that post processing of coded pseudorange satellite signals is the most accurate of those we tested for GPS surveying under a conifer dominant forest canopy. Chapter 3 compared LiDAR, total station, and GPS receiver discrete point elevations and DEMs across a range of forest settings. Average total station plot elevation differences ranged from -0.06 m (SD 0.40) to -0.59 m (SD 0.23) indicating that LiDAR elevations are higher than actual elevations. Average plot GPS elevation differences ranged from 0.24 (SD 1.55) to 2.82 m (SD 4.58), and from 0.27 (SD 2.33) to 2.69 m (SD 5.06) for LiDAR DEMs. Chapter 4 assessed LiDAR’s ability to measure three-dimensional forest structure and estimate biomass using single stem (trees and shrubs) remote sensing. The LiDAR data tree extraction computer software programs FUSION, TreeVaW, and watershed segmentation were compared. LiDAR spatial accuracy assessment resulted in overall average error and standard deviation (SD) for FUSION, TreeVaW, and watershed segmentation of 2.05 m (SD 1.67 m), 2.19 m (SD 1.83 m), and 2.31 m (SD 1.94 m) respectively. Overall average LiDAR tree height error and standard deviations (SD) respectively for FUSION, TreeVaW and watershed segmentation were -0.09 m (SD 2.43 m), 0.28 m (SD 1.86 m), and 0.22 m (2.45 m) in even-age, uneven-age, and old growth plots combined; and for one clearcut plot 0.56 m (SD 1.07 m), 0.28 m (SD 1.69 m), and 1.17 m (SD 0.68 m), respectively. Biomass comparisons included feature totals per plot, mean biomass per feature by plot, and total biomass by plot for each extraction method. Overall LiDAR biomass estimations resulted in FUSION and TreeVaW underestimating by 25 and 31% respectively, and watershed segmentation overestimating by approximately 10%. LiDAR biomass underestimation occurred in 66% and overestimation occurred in 34% of the plot comparisons. Title: Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) : what we can and cannot see in the forest for the trees Author: Edson, Curtis B. Recently concerns over anthropogenic carbon pollution have received increased global attention and research in forest biomass and carbon sequestration has gained momentum. Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) remote sensing has in the last decade demonstrated forest measurement and biomass estimation potential. The project objective was to compare LiDAR forest biomass estimates to traditional field biomass estimates in a conifer predominant forest located in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. Chapter 2 of this dissertation investigated mapping-grade GPS accuracy in determining tree locations. Results indicated that post processing of coded pseudorange satellite signals is the most accurate of those we tested for GPS surveying under a conifer dominant forest canopy. Chapter 3 compared LiDAR, total station, and GPS receiver discrete point elevations and DEMs across a range of forest settings. Average total station plot elevation differences ranged from -0.06 m (SD 0.40) to -0.59 m (SD 0.23) indicating that LiDAR elevations are higher than actual elevations. Average plot GPS elevation differences ranged from 0.24 (SD 1.55) to 2.82 m (SD 4.58), and from 0.27 (SD 2.33) to 2.69 m (SD 5.06) for LiDAR DEMs. Chapter 4 assessed LiDAR’s ability to measure three-dimensional forest structure and estimate biomass using single stem (trees and shrubs) remote sensing. The LiDAR data tree extraction computer software programs FUSION, TreeVaW, and watershed segmentation were compared. LiDAR spatial accuracy assessment resulted in overall average error and standard deviation (SD) for FUSION, TreeVaW, and watershed segmentation of 2.05 m (SD 1.67 m), 2.19 m (SD 1.83 m), and 2.31 m (SD 1.94 m) respectively. Overall average LiDAR tree height error and standard deviations (SD) respectively for FUSION, TreeVaW and watershed segmentation were -0.09 m (SD 2.43 m), 0.28 m (SD 1.86 m), and 0.22 m (2.45 m) in even-age, uneven-age, and old growth plots combined; and for one clearcut plot 0.56 m (SD 1.07 m), 0.28 m (SD 1.69 m), and 1.17 m (SD 0.68 m), respectively. Biomass comparisons included feature totals per plot, mean biomass per feature by plot, and total biomass by plot for each extraction method. Overall LiDAR biomass estimations resulted in FUSION and TreeVaW underestimating by 25 and 31% respectively, and watershed segmentation overestimating by approximately 10%. LiDAR biomass underestimation occurred in 66% and overestimation occurred in 34% of the plot comparisons. Close