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• 1. [Article] Stability of International Fisheries Agreements: Implications of Non-Market Benefits and the Country of Origin

  Salmon is an anadromous species that during its feeding and spawning migrations is sought after catch for commercial and recreational fisheries. The management of salmon fisheries is complicated by the ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Stability of International Fisheries Agreements: Implications of Non-Market Benefits and the Country of Origin Author: Levontin, Polina, Kulmala, Soile, Laukkanen, Marita, Lindroos, Marko, Romakkaniemi, Atso, Nieminen, Emmi, Parkkila, Katja, Pintassilgo, Pedro, Pulkkinen, Henni Salmon is an anadromous species that during its feeding and spawning migrations is sought after catch for commercial and recreational fisheries. The management of salmon fisheries is complicated by the combination of mixed and single stock fisheries. Thus, the country of origin has sovereign control over harvest of a salmon stock only at the last steps of the gauntlet. This paper addresses the stability of an international fisheries agreement on the Baltic salmon. This setting is modeled through a coalition game in the partition function form with four asymmetric players. Countries payoffs depend both on commercial fishery’s profits and net benefits from recreational harvest. Moreover, the country of origin must ensure that each of the salmon stocks achieve or maintain a sustainable size. The economic sub-model is calibrated using commercial fisheries statistics and existing non-market valuation studies. The underlying population dynamics model accounts for 15 salmon stocks and it is used in the actual stock assessment. The results indicate that by considering economic aspects of recreational fisheries it is possible to stabilize the grand coalition. However, the cooperative strategies of the grand coalition do not ensure biologically sound harvesting of all salmon stocks. Title: Stability of International Fisheries Agreements: Implications of Non-Market Benefits and the Country of Origin Author: Levontin, Polina, Kulmala, Soile, Laukkanen, Marita, Lindroos, Marko, Romakkaniemi, Atso, Nieminen, Emmi, Parkkila, Katja, Pintassilgo, Pedro, Pulkkinen, Henni Salmon is an anadromous species that during its feeding and spawning migrations is sought after catch for commercial and recreational fisheries. The management of salmon fisheries is complicated by the combination of mixed and single stock fisheries. Thus, the country of origin has sovereign control over harvest of a salmon stock only at the last steps of the gauntlet. This paper addresses the stability of an international fisheries agreement on the Baltic salmon. This setting is modeled through a coalition game in the partition function form with four asymmetric players. Countries payoffs depend both on commercial fishery’s profits and net benefits from recreational harvest. Moreover, the country of origin must ensure that each of the salmon stocks achieve or maintain a sustainable size. The economic sub-model is calibrated using commercial fisheries statistics and existing non-market valuation studies. The underlying population dynamics model accounts for 15 salmon stocks and it is used in the actual stock assessment. The results indicate that by considering economic aspects of recreational fisheries it is possible to stabilize the grand coalition. However, the cooperative strategies of the grand coalition do not ensure biologically sound harvesting of all salmon stocks. Close

• 2. [Article] Optimal Management of Conflicting Species: Grey Seal (Halichoerus grypus) and Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) in the Northern Baltic Sea

  In the Baltic Sea, the successful conservation of grey seals has increased seal-induced damages to the Atlantic salmon fishery. The paper addresses the conflict between the conservation of the formerly ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Optimal Management of Conflicting Species: Grey Seal (Halichoerus grypus) and Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) in the Northern Baltic Sea Author: Kulmala, Soile, Lindroos, Marko, Holma, Maija In the Baltic Sea, the successful conservation of grey seals has increased seal-induced damages to the Atlantic salmon fishery. The paper addresses the conflict between the conservation of the formerly endangered species and professional fishermen whose livelihood is also regulated by fisheries management. We develop a bioeconomic model that accounts for the age-structure of Atlantic salmon and grey seal populations. In order to reach a social optimum, we maximize the discounted net present value taking into account the seal-induced losses through a damage function. The socially optimal salmon stock size, salmon catch and fishing effort is studied under different management schemes aimed at mitigating the seal-salmon conflict. The results suggest that technological adaptation would effectively reduce the cause of the conflict, while a technology subsidy encouraging such adaptation shifts the economic responsibility from individual fishermen towards a broader public. Title: Optimal Management of Conflicting Species: Grey Seal (Halichoerus grypus) and Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) in the Northern Baltic Sea Author: Kulmala, Soile, Lindroos, Marko, Holma, Maija In the Baltic Sea, the successful conservation of grey seals has increased seal-induced damages to the Atlantic salmon fishery. The paper addresses the conflict between the conservation of the formerly endangered species and professional fishermen whose livelihood is also regulated by fisheries management. We develop a bioeconomic model that accounts for the age-structure of Atlantic salmon and grey seal populations. In order to reach a social optimum, we maximize the discounted net present value taking into account the seal-induced losses through a damage function. The socially optimal salmon stock size, salmon catch and fishing effort is studied under different management schemes aimed at mitigating the seal-salmon conflict. The results suggest that technological adaptation would effectively reduce the cause of the conflict, while a technology subsidy encouraging such adaptation shifts the economic responsibility from individual fishermen towards a broader public. Close

• 3. [Article] Atlantic Salmon Fishery in the Baltic Sea - A Case of Trivial Cooperation

  This paper analyses the management of the Atlantic salmon stocks in the Baltic Sea through a coalition game in partition function form. The signs of economic and biological overexploitation of these salmon ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Atlantic Salmon Fishery in the Baltic Sea - A Case of Trivial Cooperation Author: Levontin, Polina, Kulmala, Soile, Lindroos, Marko, Pintassilgo, Pedro This paper analyses the management of the Atlantic salmon stocks in the Baltic Sea through a coalition game in partition function form. The signs of economic and biological overexploitation of these salmon stocks over the last two decades indicate that cooperation among the harvesting countries, under the European Union's Common Fisheries Policy (CFP), has been ostensible. Combining a twostage game of four asymmetric players with a disaggregated bioeconomic model, we conclude that cooperation under the present Relative Stability Principle (RSP) is not a stable outcome. In contrast, the equilibrium of the game is full noncooperation. The paper also addresses the possibility of enhancing cooperation through more flexible fishing strategies. The results indicate that partial cooperation is stable under specific sharing schemes. It is also shown that substantial economic benefits could have been realised by reallocating the fishing effort, without compromising stock sustainability. Title: Atlantic Salmon Fishery in the Baltic Sea - A Case of Trivial Cooperation Author: Levontin, Polina, Kulmala, Soile, Lindroos, Marko, Pintassilgo, Pedro This paper analyses the management of the Atlantic salmon stocks in the Baltic Sea through a coalition game in partition function form. The signs of economic and biological overexploitation of these salmon stocks over the last two decades indicate that cooperation among the harvesting countries, under the European Union's Common Fisheries Policy (CFP), has been ostensible. Combining a twostage game of four asymmetric players with a disaggregated bioeconomic model, we conclude that cooperation under the present Relative Stability Principle (RSP) is not a stable outcome. In contrast, the equilibrium of the game is full noncooperation. The paper also addresses the possibility of enhancing cooperation through more flexible fishing strategies. The results indicate that partial cooperation is stable under specific sharing schemes. It is also shown that substantial economic benefits could have been realised by reallocating the fishing effort, without compromising stock sustainability. Close

• 4. [Article] Fish, Floods, and Farmers: The Joint Production of Ecosystem Services on a Working Landscape

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  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Fish, Floods, and Farmers: The Joint Production of Ecosystem Services on a Working Landscape Author: Garnache, Cloe presentation Title: Fish, Floods, and Farmers: The Joint Production of Ecosystem Services on a Working Landscape Author: Garnache, Cloe presentation Close

• 5. [Article] Addressing Fish Uncertainty: The Quest for Rational Decisionmaking

  This paper explores the policy efforts dealing with the problem of declining Pacific Northwest fish runs. Results have been disappointing. Decades of expensive efforts costing billion of dollars have been ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Addressing Fish Uncertainty: The Quest for Rational Decisionmaking Author: Koss, Patricia, Katz, Mike, Shawcross, Jennifer Year: 2001 This paper explores the policy efforts dealing with the problem of declining Pacific Northwest fish runs. Results have been disappointing. Decades of expensive efforts costing billion of dollars have been relatively ineffective in increasing salmon runs. Many species of wild fish continue to decline or remain significantly below target levels of recovery. The issue of scientific and economic uncertainties is examined. Past and current policies have failed to adequately account for these uncertainties. One overall recommendation of this paper is that policymakers and their advisors should explicitly identify any decision criteria upon which they base their judgments or conclusions. A second recommendation is that policy analysis should be explicit about uncertainties. We offer the eighteen decision rules for fashioning fish recovery decisions in an environment of uncertainty. Title: Addressing Fish Uncertainty: The Quest for Rational Decisionmaking Author: Koss, Patricia, Katz, Mike, Shawcross, Jennifer Year: 2001 This paper explores the policy efforts dealing with the problem of declining Pacific Northwest fish runs. Results have been disappointing. Decades of expensive efforts costing billion of dollars have been relatively ineffective in increasing salmon runs. Many species of wild fish continue to decline or remain significantly below target levels of recovery. The issue of scientific and economic uncertainties is examined. Past and current policies have failed to adequately account for these uncertainties. One overall recommendation of this paper is that policymakers and their advisors should explicitly identify any decision criteria upon which they base their judgments or conclusions. A second recommendation is that policy analysis should be explicit about uncertainties. We offer the eighteen decision rules for fashioning fish recovery decisions in an environment of uncertainty. Close