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• 11. [Image] Economic Analyses of Geothermal Energy Development in California Volume 1

  	Results of a study on the evaluation of potential for geothermal energy development and utilization in California are reported. Volume I of the two-volume report deals with hydrothermal resource costs ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Economic Analyses of Geothermal Energy Development in California Volume 1 Author: Ramachandran, G. Year: 1977 Results of a study on the evaluation of potential for geothermal energy development and utilization in California are reported. Volume I of the two-volume report deals with hydrothermal resource costs and economics in terms of various critical parameters pertaining to specific resource locations in California. The important economic factors that influence the development and growth of hydrothermal resources and the probable costs of a hot-water demonstration power plant are also considered. A set of near-term actions and their estimated impacts on hydrothermal resource economics are also discussed. (JGB) Title: Economic Analyses of Geothermal Energy Development in California Volume 1 Author: Ramachandran, G. Year: 1977 Results of a study on the evaluation of potential for geothermal energy development and utilization in California are reported. Volume I of the two-volume report deals with hydrothermal resource costs and economics in terms of various critical parameters pertaining to specific resource locations in California. The important economic factors that influence the development and growth of hydrothermal resources and the probable costs of a hot-water demonstration power plant are also considered. A set of near-term actions and their estimated impacts on hydrothermal resource economics are also discussed. (JGB) Close

• 12. [Image] The Definition of Engineering Development and Research Problems Relating to the Use of Geothermal Fluids for Electric Power Generation and Nonelectric Heating

  	The use of geothermal fluids for electric power generation and nonelectric purposes causes problems not normally encountered when pure water is used for similar purposes. These problems must be identified ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The Definition of Engineering Development and Research Problems Relating to the Use of Geothermal Fluids for Electric Power Generation and Nonelectric Heating Author: Apps, J.A. Year: 1977 The use of geothermal fluids for electric power generation and nonelectric purposes causes problems not normally encountered when pure water is used for similar purposes. These problems must be identified and means developed to overcome them before geothermal energy resources can become an important source of electric power or thermal energy in the United States. Research and development projects aimed at solving problems arising from the use of geothermal fluids from known sources in the United States are listed. Problem areas covered are: impact on engineering design caused by chemical, thermodynamic, and transport properties of geothermal fluids; scaling and sludge formation; gases, volatile brine constituents, condensate chemistry; environmental problems. The research projects identified are general in nature and are not site specific. (JGB) Title: The Definition of Engineering Development and Research Problems Relating to the Use of Geothermal Fluids for Electric Power Generation and Nonelectric Heating Author: Apps, J.A. Year: 1977 The use of geothermal fluids for electric power generation and nonelectric purposes causes problems not normally encountered when pure water is used for similar purposes. These problems must be identified and means developed to overcome them before geothermal energy resources can become an important source of electric power or thermal energy in the United States. Research and development projects aimed at solving problems arising from the use of geothermal fluids from known sources in the United States are listed. Problem areas covered are: impact on engineering design caused by chemical, thermodynamic, and transport properties of geothermal fluids; scaling and sludge formation; gases, volatile brine constituents, condensate chemistry; environmental problems. The research projects identified are general in nature and are not site specific. (JGB) Close

• 13. [Image] Balancing Energy and the Environment: The Case of Geothermal Development

  	The results of part of a Rand study on the federal role in resolving environmental issues arising out of the implementation of energy projects are reported. The projects discussed are two geothermal programs ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Balancing Energy and the Environment: The Case of Geothermal Development Author: Ellickson, P.L. Year: 1978 The results of part of a Rand study on the federal role in resolving environmental issues arising out of the implementation of energy projects are reported. The projects discussed are two geothermal programs in California: the steam resource development at The Geysers (Lake and Sonoma counties) in northern California, and the wet brine development in the Imperial Valley in southern California Title: Balancing Energy and the Environment: The Case of Geothermal Development Author: Ellickson, P.L. Year: 1978 The results of part of a Rand study on the federal role in resolving environmental issues arising out of the implementation of energy projects are reported. The projects discussed are two geothermal programs in California: the steam resource development at The Geysers (Lake and Sonoma counties) in northern California, and the wet brine development in the Imperial Valley in southern California Close

• 14. [Image] Direct Use R&D Assistance, Final Report, January 1988 - September 1990

  	Progress in technology transfer and R and D of geothermal direct uses in three areas, by the Geo-Heat Center, are reviewed in this report. First, technical assistance was provided to 81 projects covering ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Direct Use R&D Assistance, Final Report, January 1988 - September 1990 Author: Lineau, P.J. Year: 1990 Progress in technology transfer and R and D of geothermal direct uses in three areas, by the Geo-Heat Center, are reviewed in this report. First, technical assistance was provided to 81 projects covering the entire development process from resource information to troubleshooting problems after a project has been completed. Second, applied research was conducted on: the performance of materials and equipment used in 13 geothermal district heating systems, wellbore/aquifer interaction and worldwide utilization of downhole heat exchangers, development of a US direct-use site data base, and development of information on transmission/distribution piping and analysis of uninsulated pipe for geothermal district heating systems. Third, an overview is presented on a technology transfer program which included: publishing a guidebook, topical papers, and quarterly bulletin, advising and referrals on projects, presentation and tours, geothermal library, and reporting activities to the Geothermal Progress Monitor. Papers on applied research projects have been processed separately for inclusion on the data base Title: Direct Use R&D Assistance, Final Report, January 1988 - September 1990 Author: Lineau, P.J. Year: 1990 Progress in technology transfer and R and D of geothermal direct uses in three areas, by the Geo-Heat Center, are reviewed in this report. First, technical assistance was provided to 81 projects covering the entire development process from resource information to troubleshooting problems after a project has been completed. Second, applied research was conducted on: the performance of materials and equipment used in 13 geothermal district heating systems, wellbore/aquifer interaction and worldwide utilization of downhole heat exchangers, development of a US direct-use site data base, and development of information on transmission/distribution piping and analysis of uninsulated pipe for geothermal district heating systems. Third, an overview is presented on a technology transfer program which included: publishing a guidebook, topical papers, and quarterly bulletin, advising and referrals on projects, presentation and tours, geothermal library, and reporting activities to the Geothermal Progress Monitor. Papers on applied research projects have been processed separately for inclusion on the data base Close

• 15. [Image] Non-Electric Applications of Geothermal Energy in Six Alaskan Towns. Final Report, October 1976--November 1977

  	The potential for direct (non-electric) utilization of local-gradient geothermal energy in six Alaskan towns is summarized. A major objective of this study was to stimulate development and Use of the geothermal ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Non-Electric Applications of Geothermal Energy in Six Alaskan Towns. Final Report, October 1976--November 1977 Author: Farquhar, J. Year: 1977 The potential for direct (non-electric) utilization of local-gradient geothermal energy in six Alaskan towns is summarized. A major objective of this study was to stimulate development and Use of the geothermal resource provided by the earth's average thermal gradient, as opposed to the few anomalies that are typically chosen for geothermal development. Hence, six towns for study were selected as being representative of remote Alaskan conditions, rather than for their proximity to known geothermal resources. The moderate-temperature heat available almost everywhere at depths of two to four kilometers into the earth's mantle could satisfy a major portion of the nation's heating requirements--but the cost must be reduced. It is concluded that a geothermal demonstration in Nome would probably be successful and would promote this objective Title: Non-Electric Applications of Geothermal Energy in Six Alaskan Towns. Final Report, October 1976--November 1977 Author: Farquhar, J. Year: 1977 The potential for direct (non-electric) utilization of local-gradient geothermal energy in six Alaskan towns is summarized. A major objective of this study was to stimulate development and Use of the geothermal resource provided by the earth's average thermal gradient, as opposed to the few anomalies that are typically chosen for geothermal development. Hence, six towns for study were selected as being representative of remote Alaskan conditions, rather than for their proximity to known geothermal resources. The moderate-temperature heat available almost everywhere at depths of two to four kilometers into the earth's mantle could satisfy a major portion of the nation's heating requirements--but the cost must be reduced. It is concluded that a geothermal demonstration in Nome would probably be successful and would promote this objective Close

• 16. [Image] Proceedings of the Seminar on Geothermal Energy, October 18-19, 1977, Hilo, Hawaii

  	Ten papers are included. Each was abstracted and indexed individually for EDB/ERA. Seven of the papers are included in Energy Abstracts for Policy Analysis (EAPA). (JGB)
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Proceedings of the Seminar on Geothermal Energy, October 18-19, 1977, Hilo, Hawaii Author: Hawaii County Department of Research and Development Year: 1977 Ten papers are included. Each was abstracted and indexed individually for EDB/ERA. Seven of the papers are included in Energy Abstracts for Policy Analysis (EAPA). (JGB) Title: Proceedings of the Seminar on Geothermal Energy, October 18-19, 1977, Hilo, Hawaii Author: Hawaii County Department of Research and Development Year: 1977 Ten papers are included. Each was abstracted and indexed individually for EDB/ERA. Seven of the papers are included in Energy Abstracts for Policy Analysis (EAPA). (JGB) Close

• 17. [Image] Geothermal Energy, Research, Development and Demonstration Program. First Annual Report

  	The following are discussed: program achievements and progress, interagency coordination and program management, international cooperation program, non-federal activities, and future program plans (MHR...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Geothermal Energy, Research, Development and Demonstration Program. First Annual Report Author: Division of Geothermal Energy Year: 1977 The following are discussed: program achievements and progress, interagency coordination and program management, international cooperation program, non-federal activities, and future program plans (MHR) Title: Geothermal Energy, Research, Development and Demonstration Program. First Annual Report Author: Division of Geothermal Energy Year: 1977 The following are discussed: program achievements and progress, interagency coordination and program management, international cooperation program, non-federal activities, and future program plans (MHR) Close

• 18. [Image] Economic Analyses of Geothermal Energy Development in California. Volume 2. Cost/ Benefit Analysis of Government Program Alternatives Regarding Hot Water Geothermal Power

  	Results of a study on the evaluation of potential for geothermal energy development and utilization in California are reported. This is Volume II of the two-volume report. The first four chapters of this ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Economic Analyses of Geothermal Energy Development in California. Volume 2. Cost/ Benefit Analysis of Government Program Alternatives Regarding Hot Water Geothermal Power Author: Barrager, S.M. Year: 1977 Results of a study on the evaluation of potential for geothermal energy development and utilization in California are reported. This is Volume II of the two-volume report. The first four chapters of this volume present a generic analysis of several decisions facing government in the field of hydrothermal energy. The analysis develops a framework for estimating the potential overall benefits of hydrothermal power (detailed in Appendix A). Chapter V contains a site-specific analysis of the decision to fund a demonstration plant at Heber, California. This analysis is performed from the point of view of both the government and the local-electricity consumer. The specific numerical results presented are limited to electrical power generated by hot water systems. (JGB) Title: Economic Analyses of Geothermal Energy Development in California. Volume 2. Cost/ Benefit Analysis of Government Program Alternatives Regarding Hot Water Geothermal Power Author: Barrager, S.M. Year: 1977 Results of a study on the evaluation of potential for geothermal energy development and utilization in California are reported. This is Volume II of the two-volume report. The first four chapters of this volume present a generic analysis of several decisions facing government in the field of hydrothermal energy. The analysis develops a framework for estimating the potential overall benefits of hydrothermal power (detailed in Appendix A). Chapter V contains a site-specific analysis of the decision to fund a demonstration plant at Heber, California. This analysis is performed from the point of view of both the government and the local-electricity consumer. The specific numerical results presented are limited to electrical power generated by hot water systems. (JGB) Close

• 19. [Image] Alternate Energy Sources for Hawaii

  	Hawaii has no short-term substitute for seaborne petroleum, although a number of renewable natural energy resources show enough potential to justify a state policy and state funding for their development. ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Alternate Energy Sources for Hawaii Author: Committee on Alternate Energy Sources for Hawaii Year: 1975 Hawaii has no short-term substitute for seaborne petroleum, although a number of renewable natural energy resources show enough potential to justify a state policy and state funding for their development. Of significant potential importance are bioconversion of Bagasse, wind, geothermal energy, solar collectors, ocean thermal energy conversion, and liquefaction and gasification of coal. Development of these sources will be influenced by environmental tradeoffs, available investment capital, and changes in demand for electricity. Task force recommendations include state funding of at least $1,000,000 for projects in all counties, with coordination at the state level to include continuing systems and tax studies and an annual review. Specific data on separate energy sources and conclusions of individual task forces are included. (151 references) (DCK) Title: Alternate Energy Sources for Hawaii Author: Committee on Alternate Energy Sources for Hawaii Year: 1975 Hawaii has no short-term substitute for seaborne petroleum, although a number of renewable natural energy resources show enough potential to justify a state policy and state funding for their development. Of significant potential importance are bioconversion of Bagasse, wind, geothermal energy, solar collectors, ocean thermal energy conversion, and liquefaction and gasification of coal. Development of these sources will be influenced by environmental tradeoffs, available investment capital, and changes in demand for electricity. Task force recommendations include state funding of at least $1,000,000 for projects in all counties, with coordination at the state level to include continuing systems and tax studies and an annual review. Specific data on separate energy sources and conclusions of individual task forces are included. (151 references) (DCK) Close

• 20. [Image] Hot Dry Rock Geothermal Energy Development Program: Annual Report, Fiscal Year 1985

  	The primary objective for the Hot Dry Rock Program at the Los Alamos National Laboratory during fiscal year 1985 was to complete the Phase 2 reservoir connection and to begin flow testing the resulting ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Hot Dry Rock Geothermal Energy Development Program: Annual Report, Fiscal Year 1985 Author: Brown, D.W. Year: 1987 The primary objective for the Hot Dry Rock Program at the Los Alamos National Laboratory during fiscal year 1985 was to complete the Phase 2 reservoir connection and to begin flow testing the resulting reservoir. The connection was achieved through redrilling one well and additional fracturing operations, and progress was made toward developing a detailed understanding of the fractured region through a variety of reservoir interrogation methods. Other accomplishments during the fiscal year included improvement of the high-temperature, inflatable, open-hole packer used to isolate sections of the uncased wellbore in collaboration with the Baker Corporation and the design and fabrication of a high-temperature borehole acoustic televiewer in a cooperative program with a research institute in West Germany. Progress was also made in techniques for the collection and analysis of microseismic data. Reservoir-engineering activities and geochemical studies, as well as the more routine support activities, continued in FY85. 18 refs., 15 figs. Title: Hot Dry Rock Geothermal Energy Development Program: Annual Report, Fiscal Year 1985 Author: Brown, D.W. Year: 1987 The primary objective for the Hot Dry Rock Program at the Los Alamos National Laboratory during fiscal year 1985 was to complete the Phase 2 reservoir connection and to begin flow testing the resulting reservoir. The connection was achieved through redrilling one well and additional fracturing operations, and progress was made toward developing a detailed understanding of the fractured region through a variety of reservoir interrogation methods. Other accomplishments during the fiscal year included improvement of the high-temperature, inflatable, open-hole packer used to isolate sections of the uncased wellbore in collaboration with the Baker Corporation and the design and fabrication of a high-temperature borehole acoustic televiewer in a cooperative program with a research institute in West Germany. Progress was also made in techniques for the collection and analysis of microseismic data. Reservoir-engineering activities and geochemical studies, as well as the more routine support activities, continued in FY85. 18 refs., 15 figs. Close