Search

Search Results

• 7421. [Article] Shifting Advertising Agency Structure and Evolving Technology

  As a senior at Portland State University I have been exposed to many real-life advertising situations. This immersion in the advertising world has been an invaluable experience that has given me significant ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Shifting Advertising Agency Structure and Evolving Technology Author: Norris, Sarah A. Year: 2017 As a senior at Portland State University I have been exposed to many real-life advertising situations. This immersion in the advertising world has been an invaluable experience that has given me significant insight into advertising agencies and their operations from multiple different positions throughout the typical firm. This experience has helped me shape my thesis into a question that is relevant not only for the advertising community as a whole but also as someone hoping to enter the field within the next few years. My goal for this thesis is not to simply gain total knowledge in one specific area of advertising, but to create an accurate perspective of the advertising ecosystem and all the businesses and people that interact with or depend on it, as it exists today. I will go in depth on all the aspects of the “advertising ecosystem” later in this paper,) I am using this terminology as an overarching term for all businesses that rely or drive any form of work related to advertising). These businesses can range from the advertising firm itself to the catering business that supplies sandwiches for a Nike photo-shoot. As a soon-to-be college graduate, it’s important to know exactly what the climate is for any potential field of work. I came to my topic by researching trends in the advertising ecosystem that have come about with the increased use of the Internet and technology in business. Almost everyone can not only advertise for themselves, but can also have access to a multitude of analytic tools that would previously have only been available to advertising and marketing professionals. There are a growing number of firms who use social media and low-cost creative departments, and whose success now threatens the larger advertising agencies. Because only a relatively few brands and companies have the funds to access larger more traditional firms, more small and micro businesses are turning to the only alternatives most of them can afford. For clarification, the traditional advertising firm is an all in-house firm that deals with every aspect of the advertising process from the PR to coupon development and media buying. These traditional firms are priced in one of three ways that I will explain further in my thesis. These firms tend to be more costly than most brands can afford. As I will discuss in my thesis the growing importance of small advertising firms has had reverberating effects on not only the industry but also the employees of the firms in question. Technology and the evolving tools of the Internet have allowed many brands and companies to reconsider the need for the traditional advertising agency, and has allowed for the growth of more non-traditional advertising shops. Title: Shifting Advertising Agency Structure and Evolving Technology Author: Norris, Sarah A. Year: 2017 As a senior at Portland State University I have been exposed to many real-life advertising situations. This immersion in the advertising world has been an invaluable experience that has given me significant insight into advertising agencies and their operations from multiple different positions throughout the typical firm. This experience has helped me shape my thesis into a question that is relevant not only for the advertising community as a whole but also as someone hoping to enter the field within the next few years. My goal for this thesis is not to simply gain total knowledge in one specific area of advertising, but to create an accurate perspective of the advertising ecosystem and all the businesses and people that interact with or depend on it, as it exists today. I will go in depth on all the aspects of the “advertising ecosystem” later in this paper,) I am using this terminology as an overarching term for all businesses that rely or drive any form of work related to advertising). These businesses can range from the advertising firm itself to the catering business that supplies sandwiches for a Nike photo-shoot. As a soon-to-be college graduate, it’s important to know exactly what the climate is for any potential field of work. I came to my topic by researching trends in the advertising ecosystem that have come about with the increased use of the Internet and technology in business. Almost everyone can not only advertise for themselves, but can also have access to a multitude of analytic tools that would previously have only been available to advertising and marketing professionals. There are a growing number of firms who use social media and low-cost creative departments, and whose success now threatens the larger advertising agencies. Because only a relatively few brands and companies have the funds to access larger more traditional firms, more small and micro businesses are turning to the only alternatives most of them can afford. For clarification, the traditional advertising firm is an all in-house firm that deals with every aspect of the advertising process from the PR to coupon development and media buying. These traditional firms are priced in one of three ways that I will explain further in my thesis. These firms tend to be more costly than most brands can afford. As I will discuss in my thesis the growing importance of small advertising firms has had reverberating effects on not only the industry but also the employees of the firms in question. Technology and the evolving tools of the Internet have allowed many brands and companies to reconsider the need for the traditional advertising agency, and has allowed for the growth of more non-traditional advertising shops. Close

• 7422. [Article] Using Cultural Relevancy to Promote African American Brain Health

  African Americans are disproportionately more likely than older whites to develop Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias (ADOD). Despite these disparities, there is difficulty in motivating African Americans ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Using Cultural Relevancy to Promote African American Brain Health Author: Walker, Miya Year: 2017 African Americans are disproportionately more likely than older whites to develop Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias (ADOD). Despite these disparities, there is difficulty in motivating African Americans to engage in activities suitable to maintaining cognitive health (walking, social engagement, physical activity). The Sharing History through Active Reminiscence and Photo-imagery (SHARP) walking program (Croff, PI) combines these proactive activities in a culturally relevant way to create a motivational force to preserve cognitive health. SHARP engaged 19 African Americans aged 55 and older on 72 themed, 1-mile walks over 6 months in Portland, Oregon’s historically Black neighborhoods. This study examines participant responses to the SHARP walk “Afrocentrism” to illustrate how culture can be used to motivate walking and social engagement among older African Americans. The “Afrocentrism” walk presents three questions with historic neighborhood images, each approximately 10 minutes apart along the route: What are your memories of Afrocentric art? What did it mean to you and your community? Did you, your friends or family show your Afrocentrism in the 1960's, 70's and 80's? How? What did it mean to you? Do you have any memories about this [African clothing] shop? How were expressions of Afrocentrism accepted in the 1960's and 70's in Portland? Participant narratives were audio recorded. Narratives were then coded for common themes that gave insight to the importance of culture in health programming. Specific conversations amongst walking groups varied around the “Afrocentrism” prompts, however, walking groups reminisced over the same prominent people and places in the community. The commonality of participants shared neighborhood experiences creates a collective historical narrative and allows for connection to one another in ways that support connection to the neighborhood and to African American culture. This collective narrative informs researchers and allows for a deeper understanding of the Black experience, thus further facilitating the incorporation of culturally relevant prompts into the program. This is an essential way SHARP motivates participants to exercise and engage socially. Incorporating culture into health programs, as SHARP does, can be transferable to other health promotion programs to sustain retention and engagement. Title: Using Cultural Relevancy to Promote African American Brain Health Author: Walker, Miya Year: 2017 African Americans are disproportionately more likely than older whites to develop Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias (ADOD). Despite these disparities, there is difficulty in motivating African Americans to engage in activities suitable to maintaining cognitive health (walking, social engagement, physical activity). The Sharing History through Active Reminiscence and Photo-imagery (SHARP) walking program (Croff, PI) combines these proactive activities in a culturally relevant way to create a motivational force to preserve cognitive health. SHARP engaged 19 African Americans aged 55 and older on 72 themed, 1-mile walks over 6 months in Portland, Oregon’s historically Black neighborhoods. This study examines participant responses to the SHARP walk “Afrocentrism” to illustrate how culture can be used to motivate walking and social engagement among older African Americans. The “Afrocentrism” walk presents three questions with historic neighborhood images, each approximately 10 minutes apart along the route: What are your memories of Afrocentric art? What did it mean to you and your community? Did you, your friends or family show your Afrocentrism in the 1960's, 70's and 80's? How? What did it mean to you? Do you have any memories about this [African clothing] shop? How were expressions of Afrocentrism accepted in the 1960's and 70's in Portland? Participant narratives were audio recorded. Narratives were then coded for common themes that gave insight to the importance of culture in health programming. Specific conversations amongst walking groups varied around the “Afrocentrism” prompts, however, walking groups reminisced over the same prominent people and places in the community. The commonality of participants shared neighborhood experiences creates a collective historical narrative and allows for connection to one another in ways that support connection to the neighborhood and to African American culture. This collective narrative informs researchers and allows for a deeper understanding of the Black experience, thus further facilitating the incorporation of culturally relevant prompts into the program. This is an essential way SHARP motivates participants to exercise and engage socially. Incorporating culture into health programs, as SHARP does, can be transferable to other health promotion programs to sustain retention and engagement. Close

• 7423. [Article] Beyond the Angle of Repose: A Review and Synthesis of Landslide Processes in Response to Rapid Uplift, Eel River, Northern Eel River, Northern California

  In mountainous settings, increases in rock uplift are often followed by a commensurate uptick in denudation as rivers incise and steepen hillslopes, making them increasingly prone to landsliding as slope ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Beyond the Angle of Repose: A Review and Synthesis of Landslide Processes in Response to Rapid Uplift, Eel River, Northern Eel River, Northern California Author: Roering, Joshua J., Mackey, Benjamin H., Handwerger, Alexander L., Booth, Adam M., Schmidt, David A., Bennett, Georgina L., Cerovski-Darriau, Corina Year: 2015 In mountainous settings, increases in rock uplift are often followed by a commensurate uptick in denudation as rivers incise and steepen hillslopes, making them increasingly prone to landsliding as slope angles approach a limiting value. For decades, the threshold slope model has been invoked to account for landslide-driven increases in sediment flux that limit topographic relief, but the manner by which slope failures organize themselves spatially and temporally in order for erosion to keep pace with rock uplift has not been well documented. Here, we review past work and present new findings from remote sensing, cosmogenic adionuclides, suspended sediment records, and airborne lidar data, to decipher patterns of landslide activity and geomorphic processes related to rapid uplift along the northward-migrating Mendocino Triple Junction in Northern California. From historical air photos and airborne lidar, we estimated the velocity and sediment flux associated with active, slow-moving landslides (or earthflows) in the mélange- and argillite-dominated Eel River watershed using the downslope displacement of surface markers such as trees and shrubs. Although active landslides that directly convey sediment into the channel network account for only 7% of the landscape surface, their sediment flux amounts to more than 50% of the suspended load recorded at downstream sediment gauging stations. These active slides tend to exhibit seasonal variations in velocity as satellite-based interferometry has demonstrated that rapid acceleration commences within 1 to 2 months of the onset of autumn rainfall events before slower deceleration ensues in the spring and summer months. Curiously, this seasonal velocity pattern does not appear to vary with landslide size, suggesting that complex hydrologic-mechanical feedbacks (rather than 1-D pore pressure diffusion) may govern slide dynamics. A new analysis of 14 years of discharge and sediment concentration data for the Eel River indicates that the characteristic mid-winter timing of earthflow acceleration corresponds with increased suspended concentration values, suggesting that the seasonal onset of landslide motion each year may be reflected in the export of sediments to the continental margin. The vast majority of active slides exhibit gullied surfaces and the gully networks, which are also seasonally active, may facilitate sediment export although the proportion of material produced by this pathway is poorly known. Along Kekawaka Creek, a prominent tributary to the Eel River, new analyses of catchment-averaged erosion rates derived from cosmogenic radionuclides reveal rapid erosion (0.76 mm/yr) below a prominent knickpoint and slower erosion (0.29 mm/yr) upstream. Such knickpoints are frequently observed in Eel tributaries and are usually comprised of massive (>10m) interlocking resistant boulders that likely persist in the landscape for long time periods (>105yr). Upstream of these knickpoints, active landslides tend to be less frequent and average slope angles are slightly gentler than in downstream areas, which indicates that landslide density and average slope angle appear to increase with erosion rate. Lastly, we synthesize evidence for the role of large, catastrophic landslides in regulating sediment flux and landscape form. The emergence of resistant blocks within the mélange bedrock has promoted large catastrophic slides that have dammed the Eel River and perhaps generated outburst events in the past. The frequency and impact of these landslide dams likely depend on the spatial and size distributions of resistant blocks relative to the width and drainage area of adjacent valley networks. Overall, our findings demonstrate that landslides within the Eel River catchment do not occur randomly, but instead exhibit spatial and temporal patterns related to baselevel lowering, climate forcing, and lithologic variations. Combined with recent landscape evolution models that incorporate landslides, these results provide predictive capability for estimating erosion rates and managing hazards in mountainous regions. Title: Beyond the Angle of Repose: A Review and Synthesis of Landslide Processes in Response to Rapid Uplift, Eel River, Northern Eel River, Northern California Author: Roering, Joshua J., Mackey, Benjamin H., Handwerger, Alexander L., Booth, Adam M., Schmidt, David A., Bennett, Georgina L., Cerovski-Darriau, Corina Year: 2015 In mountainous settings, increases in rock uplift are often followed by a commensurate uptick in denudation as rivers incise and steepen hillslopes, making them increasingly prone to landsliding as slope angles approach a limiting value. For decades, the threshold slope model has been invoked to account for landslide-driven increases in sediment flux that limit topographic relief, but the manner by which slope failures organize themselves spatially and temporally in order for erosion to keep pace with rock uplift has not been well documented. Here, we review past work and present new findings from remote sensing, cosmogenic adionuclides, suspended sediment records, and airborne lidar data, to decipher patterns of landslide activity and geomorphic processes related to rapid uplift along the northward-migrating Mendocino Triple Junction in Northern California. From historical air photos and airborne lidar, we estimated the velocity and sediment flux associated with active, slow-moving landslides (or earthflows) in the mélange- and argillite-dominated Eel River watershed using the downslope displacement of surface markers such as trees and shrubs. Although active landslides that directly convey sediment into the channel network account for only 7% of the landscape surface, their sediment flux amounts to more than 50% of the suspended load recorded at downstream sediment gauging stations. These active slides tend to exhibit seasonal variations in velocity as satellite-based interferometry has demonstrated that rapid acceleration commences within 1 to 2 months of the onset of autumn rainfall events before slower deceleration ensues in the spring and summer months. Curiously, this seasonal velocity pattern does not appear to vary with landslide size, suggesting that complex hydrologic-mechanical feedbacks (rather than 1-D pore pressure diffusion) may govern slide dynamics. A new analysis of 14 years of discharge and sediment concentration data for the Eel River indicates that the characteristic mid-winter timing of earthflow acceleration corresponds with increased suspended concentration values, suggesting that the seasonal onset of landslide motion each year may be reflected in the export of sediments to the continental margin. The vast majority of active slides exhibit gullied surfaces and the gully networks, which are also seasonally active, may facilitate sediment export although the proportion of material produced by this pathway is poorly known. Along Kekawaka Creek, a prominent tributary to the Eel River, new analyses of catchment-averaged erosion rates derived from cosmogenic radionuclides reveal rapid erosion (0.76 mm/yr) below a prominent knickpoint and slower erosion (0.29 mm/yr) upstream. Such knickpoints are frequently observed in Eel tributaries and are usually comprised of massive (>10m) interlocking resistant boulders that likely persist in the landscape for long time periods (>105yr). Upstream of these knickpoints, active landslides tend to be less frequent and average slope angles are slightly gentler than in downstream areas, which indicates that landslide density and average slope angle appear to increase with erosion rate. Lastly, we synthesize evidence for the role of large, catastrophic landslides in regulating sediment flux and landscape form. The emergence of resistant blocks within the mélange bedrock has promoted large catastrophic slides that have dammed the Eel River and perhaps generated outburst events in the past. The frequency and impact of these landslide dams likely depend on the spatial and size distributions of resistant blocks relative to the width and drainage area of adjacent valley networks. Overall, our findings demonstrate that landslides within the Eel River catchment do not occur randomly, but instead exhibit spatial and temporal patterns related to baselevel lowering, climate forcing, and lithologic variations. Combined with recent landscape evolution models that incorporate landslides, these results provide predictive capability for estimating erosion rates and managing hazards in mountainous regions. Close