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• 451. [Article] Congestive Heart Failure Self-Management Among US Veterans: The Role of Personal and Professional Advocates

  Objective: Understand patients’ experiences with primary care services for congestive heart failure (CHF) and explore the relationship between health services and self-management. Methods: We conducted ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Congestive Heart Failure Self-Management Among US Veterans: The Role of Personal and Professional Advocates Author: Skaperdas, Eleni, Tuepker, Anaïs, Nicolaidis, Christina, Robb, Jessica K., Kansagara, Devan, Hickam, David H. Year: 2014 Objective: Understand patients’ experiences with primary care services for congestive heart failure (CHF) and explore the relationship between health services and self-management. Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews with thirty-nine patients with CHF receiving care at one Veterans Affairs Medical Center (VA). We analyzed data using thematic content analysis. Results: Participants acknowledged the importance of ongoing engagement in the plan of care for CHF. They attributed success in this effort to be greatly influenced by personal advocates. The advocates included both members of the healthcare team with whom they had a continuity relationship and friends or family members who assisted on a daily basis. Participants also identified psychological symptoms as a major barrier to carrying out self-care. Conclusion: Patients identify relationships with health care workers, help from family and friends, and mental health problems as major influences on the ability to manage their CHF. Practice implications: Efforts to optimize CHF self-management should attend to health system and psychosocial barriers to care. Title: Congestive Heart Failure Self-Management Among US Veterans: The Role of Personal and Professional Advocates Author: Skaperdas, Eleni, Tuepker, Anaïs, Nicolaidis, Christina, Robb, Jessica K., Kansagara, Devan, Hickam, David H. Year: 2014 Objective: Understand patients’ experiences with primary care services for congestive heart failure (CHF) and explore the relationship between health services and self-management. Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews with thirty-nine patients with CHF receiving care at one Veterans Affairs Medical Center (VA). We analyzed data using thematic content analysis. Results: Participants acknowledged the importance of ongoing engagement in the plan of care for CHF. They attributed success in this effort to be greatly influenced by personal advocates. The advocates included both members of the healthcare team with whom they had a continuity relationship and friends or family members who assisted on a daily basis. Participants also identified psychological symptoms as a major barrier to carrying out self-care. Conclusion: Patients identify relationships with health care workers, help from family and friends, and mental health problems as major influences on the ability to manage their CHF. Practice implications: Efforts to optimize CHF self-management should attend to health system and psychosocial barriers to care. Close

• 452. [Article] Degradation by Cullin 3 and Effect on WNK Kinases Suggest a Role of KLHL2 in the Pathogenesis of Familial Hyperkalemic Hypertension

  Mutations in WNK1 and WNK4, and in components of the Cullin-Ring Ligase system, kelch-like 3 (KLHL3) and Cullin 3 (CUL3), can cause the rare hereditary disease, Familial Hyperkalemic Hypertension (FHHt). ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Degradation by Cullin 3 and Effect on WNK Kinases Suggest a Role of KLHL2 in the Pathogenesis of Familial Hyperkalemic Hypertension Author: Zhang, Chong, Meermeier, Nicholas P., Terker, Andrew, Blankenstein, Katharina I., Singer, Jeffrey D., Hadchouel, Juliette, Ellison, David, Yang, Chao-Ling Year: 2015 Mutations in WNK1 and WNK4, and in components of the Cullin-Ring Ligase system, kelch-like 3 (KLHL3) and Cullin 3 (CUL3), can cause the rare hereditary disease, Familial Hyperkalemic Hypertension (FHHt). The disease is characterized by overactivity of the renal sodium chloride cotransporter (NCC), which is phosphorylated and activated by the WNK-stimulated Ste20-type kinases, SPAK and OSR1. WNK kinases themselves can be targeted for ubiquitination and degradataion by the CUL3-KLHL3 E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. It is unclear, however, why there are significant differences in phenotypic severity among FHHt patients with mutations in different genes. It was reported that kelch-like 2 (KLHL2), a homolog of KLHL3, can also target WNK kinases for ubiquitation and degradation, and may play a special role in the systemic vasculature. Our recent study revealed the disease mutant CUL3 exhibits enhanced degradation of its adaptor protein KLHL3, potentially resulting in accumulation of WNK kinases secondarily. To investigate if KLHL2 plays a role in FHHt, we studied the effect of wild type and FHHt mutant CUL3 on degradation of KLHL2 and WNK kinase proteins in HEK293 cells. Although CUL3 facilitates KLHL2 degradation, the disease mutant CUL3 is more active in this regard. KLHL2 facilitated the degradation of wild type but not disease mutant WNK4 protein. These results suggest that KLHL2 likely plays a role in the pathogenesis of FHHt, and aggravates the phenotype caused by mutations in CUL3 and WNK4. Title: Degradation by Cullin 3 and Effect on WNK Kinases Suggest a Role of KLHL2 in the Pathogenesis of Familial Hyperkalemic Hypertension Author: Zhang, Chong, Meermeier, Nicholas P., Terker, Andrew, Blankenstein, Katharina I., Singer, Jeffrey D., Hadchouel, Juliette, Ellison, David, Yang, Chao-Ling Year: 2015 Mutations in WNK1 and WNK4, and in components of the Cullin-Ring Ligase system, kelch-like 3 (KLHL3) and Cullin 3 (CUL3), can cause the rare hereditary disease, Familial Hyperkalemic Hypertension (FHHt). The disease is characterized by overactivity of the renal sodium chloride cotransporter (NCC), which is phosphorylated and activated by the WNK-stimulated Ste20-type kinases, SPAK and OSR1. WNK kinases themselves can be targeted for ubiquitination and degradataion by the CUL3-KLHL3 E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. It is unclear, however, why there are significant differences in phenotypic severity among FHHt patients with mutations in different genes. It was reported that kelch-like 2 (KLHL2), a homolog of KLHL3, can also target WNK kinases for ubiquitation and degradation, and may play a special role in the systemic vasculature. Our recent study revealed the disease mutant CUL3 exhibits enhanced degradation of its adaptor protein KLHL3, potentially resulting in accumulation of WNK kinases secondarily. To investigate if KLHL2 plays a role in FHHt, we studied the effect of wild type and FHHt mutant CUL3 on degradation of KLHL2 and WNK kinase proteins in HEK293 cells. Although CUL3 facilitates KLHL2 degradation, the disease mutant CUL3 is more active in this regard. KLHL2 facilitated the degradation of wild type but not disease mutant WNK4 protein. These results suggest that KLHL2 likely plays a role in the pathogenesis of FHHt, and aggravates the phenotype caused by mutations in CUL3 and WNK4. Close

• 453. [Article] Fathering interventions for men who use intimate partner violence and child maltreatment: perceived benefits and risks

  Intervention classes for fathers that use family violence are in the very early stages of development. The purpose of this paper is to better understand how fathering interventions are minimizing risks ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Fathering interventions for men who use intimate partner violence and child maltreatment: perceived benefits and risks Author: Brown, Aaron L. Year: 2016 Intervention classes for fathers that use family violence are in the very early stages of development. The purpose of this paper is to better understand how fathering interventions are minimizing risks and maximizing benefits in working to address the service and knowledge gaps toward father’s that use IPV, CM, or both IPV and CM. Initially, the service and knowledge gaps are identified as well as the perceived benefits and risks of offering fathering interventions. Then, based on the analysis, several recommendations are made for the implementation of these interventions. Following this, I describe two widely available intervention curricula, and discuss the ways these classes are similar and dissimilar from the recommendations. Taken together, though the two programs contain similar content and recommendations, they differ in their therapy delivery methods, depth of focus on fathering intervention, and on what types of father-perpetrated violence they address. Both intervention classes illustrate some of the perceived benefits as well as risks identified in the literature. Recommendations are made for future intervention practice, related necessary research, and needed policy. This paper concludes with the acknowledgement that these interventions are working to create collaborative systems that provide safety to victims, assess men’s individual risks, and use well thought out and effective therapeutic strategies to elicit behavior changes in fathers. Title: Fathering interventions for men who use intimate partner violence and child maltreatment: perceived benefits and risks Author: Brown, Aaron L. Year: 2016 Intervention classes for fathers that use family violence are in the very early stages of development. The purpose of this paper is to better understand how fathering interventions are minimizing risks and maximizing benefits in working to address the service and knowledge gaps toward father’s that use IPV, CM, or both IPV and CM. Initially, the service and knowledge gaps are identified as well as the perceived benefits and risks of offering fathering interventions. Then, based on the analysis, several recommendations are made for the implementation of these interventions. Following this, I describe two widely available intervention curricula, and discuss the ways these classes are similar and dissimilar from the recommendations. Taken together, though the two programs contain similar content and recommendations, they differ in their therapy delivery methods, depth of focus on fathering intervention, and on what types of father-perpetrated violence they address. Both intervention classes illustrate some of the perceived benefits as well as risks identified in the literature. Recommendations are made for future intervention practice, related necessary research, and needed policy. This paper concludes with the acknowledgement that these interventions are working to create collaborative systems that provide safety to victims, assess men’s individual risks, and use well thought out and effective therapeutic strategies to elicit behavior changes in fathers. Close

• 454. [Article] Identity and Community in Rural Higher Education: Creating New Pathways to Women's Leadership in Oaxaca, Mexico

  The emergence of higher education opportunities in rural areas of Mexico such as throughout the state of Oaxaca has opened new opportunities for young women's professional development and new individual ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Identity and Community in Rural Higher Education: Creating New Pathways to Women's Leadership in Oaxaca, Mexico Author: Elder, Amanda Marie Year: 2017 The emergence of higher education opportunities in rural areas of Mexico such as throughout the state of Oaxaca has opened new opportunities for young women's professional development and new individual and community identities. I explore tensions between the collective imaginary of rural Mexico and rural women's emerging sense of independence and self-determination in light of higher education's expanding opportunities. Educational opportunities lead to community formation around commonality of experience in addition to ascribed community relationships and roles. I situate this analysis within the context of the Universidad Tecnológica de los Valles Centrales de Oaxaca (UT), a small university in San Pablo Huixtepec, Oaxaca, Mexico. Through interviews and participant observation, I answer the following questions: (1) How is rural women's identity produced through policy, geography, and social influences? (2) In what ways do college women experience change in terms of family relationships and professional trajectories? and (3) How do changes in rural women's collective identity through professional development contribute to social movements for gender equality? This thesis provides a broader examination of the implications of shifts in family trajectory for belonging and women's identity in Mexico, contributing to larger discussions regarding higher education in rural areas, women's experiences and interactions within institutions, and women's collectives as venues for societal transformation. In conclusion, I offer recommendations for educational policy that supports women's identity development, promotes gender equality, and encourages women's leadership. Title: Identity and Community in Rural Higher Education: Creating New Pathways to Women's Leadership in Oaxaca, Mexico Author: Elder, Amanda Marie Year: 2017 The emergence of higher education opportunities in rural areas of Mexico such as throughout the state of Oaxaca has opened new opportunities for young women's professional development and new individual and community identities. I explore tensions between the collective imaginary of rural Mexico and rural women's emerging sense of independence and self-determination in light of higher education's expanding opportunities. Educational opportunities lead to community formation around commonality of experience in addition to ascribed community relationships and roles. I situate this analysis within the context of the Universidad Tecnológica de los Valles Centrales de Oaxaca (UT), a small university in San Pablo Huixtepec, Oaxaca, Mexico. Through interviews and participant observation, I answer the following questions: (1) How is rural women's identity produced through policy, geography, and social influences? (2) In what ways do college women experience change in terms of family relationships and professional trajectories? and (3) How do changes in rural women's collective identity through professional development contribute to social movements for gender equality? This thesis provides a broader examination of the implications of shifts in family trajectory for belonging and women's identity in Mexico, contributing to larger discussions regarding higher education in rural areas, women's experiences and interactions within institutions, and women's collectives as venues for societal transformation. In conclusion, I offer recommendations for educational policy that supports women's identity development, promotes gender equality, and encourages women's leadership. Close

• 455. [Article] The Effects of Scale Variation on Single-Family Residential Water Use in Portland, OR

  With growing urban populations and increasing concerns over the effects of climate change on water supplies, there has recently been a significant amount of interdisciplinary research focused on identifying ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The Effects of Scale Variation on Single-Family Residential Water Use in Portland, OR Author: Bonnette, Matthew Ryan Lee Year: 2017 With growing urban populations and increasing concerns over the effects of climate change on water supplies, there has recently been a significant amount of interdisciplinary research focused on identifying the drivers of urban water use. Due to unavailability of individual or household level data, these studies are often limited to using spatially aggregated data. There is concern that this aggregation of data may be leading to misrepresentations of the drivers of urban water use, yet there have been few studies that have addressed this concern. As in all spatial quantitative analyses, studies in this area should consider how the spatial scales chosen for analysis are affecting the results. The purpose of this research is to use a case study of single-family residential (SFR) water use in Portland, Oregon to determine the extent to which scale variation significantly affects the patterns of SFR water use, and whether household scale water use is influenced by neighborhood and census tract characteristics. The results of this analysis provide evidence that aggregating household scale water use data can mask meaningful patterns in SFR water use and potentially provide misleading information on what is influencing water use habits. This research also shows that using the chosen exploratory variables, there is a statistically significant, but not substantial, cross-scale influence on household scale water use by neighborhood and census tract characteristics. Title: The Effects of Scale Variation on Single-Family Residential Water Use in Portland, OR Author: Bonnette, Matthew Ryan Lee Year: 2017 With growing urban populations and increasing concerns over the effects of climate change on water supplies, there has recently been a significant amount of interdisciplinary research focused on identifying the drivers of urban water use. Due to unavailability of individual or household level data, these studies are often limited to using spatially aggregated data. There is concern that this aggregation of data may be leading to misrepresentations of the drivers of urban water use, yet there have been few studies that have addressed this concern. As in all spatial quantitative analyses, studies in this area should consider how the spatial scales chosen for analysis are affecting the results. The purpose of this research is to use a case study of single-family residential (SFR) water use in Portland, Oregon to determine the extent to which scale variation significantly affects the patterns of SFR water use, and whether household scale water use is influenced by neighborhood and census tract characteristics. The results of this analysis provide evidence that aggregating household scale water use data can mask meaningful patterns in SFR water use and potentially provide misleading information on what is influencing water use habits. This research also shows that using the chosen exploratory variables, there is a statistically significant, but not substantial, cross-scale influence on household scale water use by neighborhood and census tract characteristics. Close

• 456. [Article] Degradation by Cullin 3 and Effect on WNK Kinases Suggest a Role of KLHL2 in the Pathogenesis of Familial Hyperkalemic Hypertension

  Mutations in WNK1 and WNK4, and in components of the Cullin-Ring Ligase system, kelch-like 3 (KLHL3) and Cullin 3 (CUL3), can cause the rare hereditary disease, Familial Hyperkalemic Hypertension (FHHt). ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Degradation by Cullin 3 and Effect on WNK Kinases Suggest a Role of KLHL2 in the Pathogenesis of Familial Hyperkalemic Hypertension Author: Zhang, Chong, Meermeier, Nicholas P., Terker, Andrew S., Blankenstein, Katharina I., Singer, Jeffrey D., Hadchouel, Juliette, Ellison, David, Yang, Chao-Ling Year: 2016 Mutations in WNK1 and WNK4, and in components of the Cullin-Ring Ligase system, kelch-like 3 (KLHL3) and Cullin 3 (CUL3), can cause the rare hereditary disease, Familial Hyperkalemic Hypertension (FHHt). The disease is characterized by overactivity of the renal sodium chloride cotransporter (NCC), which is phosphorylated and activated by the WNK-stimulated Ste20-type kinases, SPAK and OSR1. WNK kinases themselves can be targeted for ubiquitination and degradataion by the CUL3-KLHL3 E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. It is unclear, however, why there are significant differences in phenotypic severity among FHHt patients with mutations in different genes. It was reported that kelch-like 2 (KLHL2), a homolog of KLHL3, can also target WNK kinases for ubiquitation and degradation, and may play a special role in the systemic vasculature. Our recent study revealed the disease mutant CUL3 exhibits enhanced degradation of its adaptor protein KLHL3, potentially resulting in accumulation of WNK kinases secondarily. To investigate if KLHL2 plays a role in FHHt, we studied the effect of wild type and FHHt mutant CUL3 on degradation of KLHL2 and WNK kinase proteins in HEK293 cells. Although CUL3 facilitates KLHL2 degradation, the disease mutant CUL3 is more active in this regard. KLHL2 facilitated the degradation of wild type but not disease mutant WNK4 protein. These results suggest that KLHL2 likely plays a role in the pathogenesis of FHHt, and aggravates the phenotype caused by mutations in CUL3 and WNK4. Title: Degradation by Cullin 3 and Effect on WNK Kinases Suggest a Role of KLHL2 in the Pathogenesis of Familial Hyperkalemic Hypertension Author: Zhang, Chong, Meermeier, Nicholas P., Terker, Andrew S., Blankenstein, Katharina I., Singer, Jeffrey D., Hadchouel, Juliette, Ellison, David, Yang, Chao-Ling Year: 2016 Mutations in WNK1 and WNK4, and in components of the Cullin-Ring Ligase system, kelch-like 3 (KLHL3) and Cullin 3 (CUL3), can cause the rare hereditary disease, Familial Hyperkalemic Hypertension (FHHt). The disease is characterized by overactivity of the renal sodium chloride cotransporter (NCC), which is phosphorylated and activated by the WNK-stimulated Ste20-type kinases, SPAK and OSR1. WNK kinases themselves can be targeted for ubiquitination and degradataion by the CUL3-KLHL3 E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. It is unclear, however, why there are significant differences in phenotypic severity among FHHt patients with mutations in different genes. It was reported that kelch-like 2 (KLHL2), a homolog of KLHL3, can also target WNK kinases for ubiquitation and degradation, and may play a special role in the systemic vasculature. Our recent study revealed the disease mutant CUL3 exhibits enhanced degradation of its adaptor protein KLHL3, potentially resulting in accumulation of WNK kinases secondarily. To investigate if KLHL2 plays a role in FHHt, we studied the effect of wild type and FHHt mutant CUL3 on degradation of KLHL2 and WNK kinase proteins in HEK293 cells. Although CUL3 facilitates KLHL2 degradation, the disease mutant CUL3 is more active in this regard. KLHL2 facilitated the degradation of wild type but not disease mutant WNK4 protein. These results suggest that KLHL2 likely plays a role in the pathogenesis of FHHt, and aggravates the phenotype caused by mutations in CUL3 and WNK4. Close

• 457. [Article] An Orphanage in Mexico: Four United Nations' Human Rights of Children and Wolins' Prerequisites for Efficient Group Care Through the View of the Manager and Staff

  In Mexico there are officially 1.8 million orphaned children, without counting non-orphaned children deprived of family, who also need care; of these, only 657,000 are living in 703 orphanages. Mexico's ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: An Orphanage in Mexico: Four United Nations' Human Rights of Children and Wolins' Prerequisites for Efficient Group Care Through the View of the Manager and Staff Author: Quesnel Galván, Lucia Beatriz Year: 2016 In Mexico there are officially 1.8 million orphaned children, without counting non-orphaned children deprived of family, who also need care; of these, only 657,000 are living in 703 orphanages. Mexico's government invests less than 2% of its budget toward protection of children. There is a lack of substantive research or official assessment of orphanages. According to the scant research found, the children's human rights most frequently violated in Mexican orphanages are the rights to nutrition and health care, to be protected from further victimization, to free expression and participation, and to not be exploited. This study was carried out through in-depth, semi-structured interviews with the manager and five staff members of a respected orphanage in Mexico. It aimed to determine how they attempt to fulfill the aforementioned rights, and how their work relates to six prerequisites for efficient group-care formulated by Wolins after his vast research on the matter. Results indicate that the staff members of this orphanage view their work as spirituality in action, becoming the children's family, caring for their health through special vegetarian nutrition. They teach the children that they are the masters of their own lives and happiness, and not to see themselves as victims. From results I also suggest well supervised facilities, coupling between staff and professionals to screen children's health; a vegetarian diet based on scientific research; children's participation in rules, learning about, from and for their human rights and the idea of children being masters of their life and happiness. Title: An Orphanage in Mexico: Four United Nations' Human Rights of Children and Wolins' Prerequisites for Efficient Group Care Through the View of the Manager and Staff Author: Quesnel Galván, Lucia Beatriz Year: 2016 In Mexico there are officially 1.8 million orphaned children, without counting non-orphaned children deprived of family, who also need care; of these, only 657,000 are living in 703 orphanages. Mexico's government invests less than 2% of its budget toward protection of children. There is a lack of substantive research or official assessment of orphanages. According to the scant research found, the children's human rights most frequently violated in Mexican orphanages are the rights to nutrition and health care, to be protected from further victimization, to free expression and participation, and to not be exploited. This study was carried out through in-depth, semi-structured interviews with the manager and five staff members of a respected orphanage in Mexico. It aimed to determine how they attempt to fulfill the aforementioned rights, and how their work relates to six prerequisites for efficient group-care formulated by Wolins after his vast research on the matter. Results indicate that the staff members of this orphanage view their work as spirituality in action, becoming the children's family, caring for their health through special vegetarian nutrition. They teach the children that they are the masters of their own lives and happiness, and not to see themselves as victims. From results I also suggest well supervised facilities, coupling between staff and professionals to screen children's health; a vegetarian diet based on scientific research; children's participation in rules, learning about, from and for their human rights and the idea of children being masters of their life and happiness. Close

• 458. [Article] A Phenomenological Study of the Lived Experiences of Parents of Young Children with Autism Receiving Special Education Services

  Over the past two decades reported rates of autism have steadily risen. The current incidence is 1 in 68 children. While autism can be reliably diagnosed at 18 months in most children with the condition, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A Phenomenological Study of the Lived Experiences of Parents of Young Children with Autism Receiving Special Education Services Author: Barrow, Donna Marie Year: 2017 Over the past two decades reported rates of autism have steadily risen. The current incidence is 1 in 68 children. While autism can be reliably diagnosed at 18 months in most children with the condition, specialized autism treatment rarely begins before a child's third or fourth birthday. As screening and diagnosis procedures improve so does the need for effective early interventions for autism. Researchers and professionals have expressed a growing concern over the need for effective early interventions for infants and toddlers with autism. At the same time, there is a dearth of qualitative research exploring the needs and experiences of parents with a very young child with autism. Employing a phenomenological framework, the purpose of this study was to investigate the lived experiences of parents of a young child with autism receiving early special education services. Unstructured interviews and photo elicitation were used to generate rich, detailed descriptions of the phenomenon. Data analysis from photographic images and narrative dialogues illuminated six essential themes across participants: (a) parents as pioneers: forging the way for future families; (b) making the journey as a family; (c) navigating uncharted service systems; (d) overcoming challenges and obstacles; (e) resilience, ingenuity and hope; and (f) reflecting on the first three years and looking forward. Participants expressed that they felt this study gave them a "voice" in the research literature. This study is one of the first to investigate the lived experiences of parents as they seek and secure autism services for their child under five with autism. Title: A Phenomenological Study of the Lived Experiences of Parents of Young Children with Autism Receiving Special Education Services Author: Barrow, Donna Marie Year: 2017 Over the past two decades reported rates of autism have steadily risen. The current incidence is 1 in 68 children. While autism can be reliably diagnosed at 18 months in most children with the condition, specialized autism treatment rarely begins before a child's third or fourth birthday. As screening and diagnosis procedures improve so does the need for effective early interventions for autism. Researchers and professionals have expressed a growing concern over the need for effective early interventions for infants and toddlers with autism. At the same time, there is a dearth of qualitative research exploring the needs and experiences of parents with a very young child with autism. Employing a phenomenological framework, the purpose of this study was to investigate the lived experiences of parents of a young child with autism receiving early special education services. Unstructured interviews and photo elicitation were used to generate rich, detailed descriptions of the phenomenon. Data analysis from photographic images and narrative dialogues illuminated six essential themes across participants: (a) parents as pioneers: forging the way for future families; (b) making the journey as a family; (c) navigating uncharted service systems; (d) overcoming challenges and obstacles; (e) resilience, ingenuity and hope; and (f) reflecting on the first three years and looking forward. Participants expressed that they felt this study gave them a "voice" in the research literature. This study is one of the first to investigate the lived experiences of parents as they seek and secure autism services for their child under five with autism. Close

• 459. [Article] The Investigation and Optimization of a Two-Heat-Pump System Incorporating Thermal Storage for Shaping Residential Heating Load

  Portland General Electric has proposed coupling one or more water tanks with two heat pumps in order to perform load-shifting in residential customer heating and cooling applications. By using the water ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The Investigation and Optimization of a Two-Heat-Pump System Incorporating Thermal Storage for Shaping Residential Heating Load Author: Barrett, Emily Lord Year: 2016 Portland General Electric has proposed coupling one or more water tanks with two heat pumps in order to perform load-shifting in residential customer heating and cooling applications. By using the water tanks as a thermal storage unit, this project attempts to partially decouple energy consumption from generation to provide peak demand reduction and to better facilitate the integration of variable renewable energy resources. A scoping study was performed to evaluate the potential impact of this project if implemented in single family homes in Portland, Oregon. This study revealed that the system could provide meaningful savings in the cost of electricity to both the customer and utility. Additionally, an optimization algorithm was developed to dictate system operation and to maximize gains to the utility. Evolutionary algorithms were explored in an attempt to increase the effectiveness of the algorithm's search in limited computation time. Ultimately, an evolution strategy was selected as the most suitable based on tests run in winter and spring months. A genetic algorithm was then developed to handle fixed-speed heat pump operation for compatibility with an alpha-system prototype that has been developed by the research team. Title: The Investigation and Optimization of a Two-Heat-Pump System Incorporating Thermal Storage for Shaping Residential Heating Load Author: Barrett, Emily Lord Year: 2016 Portland General Electric has proposed coupling one or more water tanks with two heat pumps in order to perform load-shifting in residential customer heating and cooling applications. By using the water tanks as a thermal storage unit, this project attempts to partially decouple energy consumption from generation to provide peak demand reduction and to better facilitate the integration of variable renewable energy resources. A scoping study was performed to evaluate the potential impact of this project if implemented in single family homes in Portland, Oregon. This study revealed that the system could provide meaningful savings in the cost of electricity to both the customer and utility. Additionally, an optimization algorithm was developed to dictate system operation and to maximize gains to the utility. Evolutionary algorithms were explored in an attempt to increase the effectiveness of the algorithm's search in limited computation time. Ultimately, an evolution strategy was selected as the most suitable based on tests run in winter and spring months. A genetic algorithm was then developed to handle fixed-speed heat pump operation for compatibility with an alpha-system prototype that has been developed by the research team. Close

• 460. [Article] First Generation Minority Students: Understanding the Influential Factors that Contributed to their Preparation and Decision to Pursue Higher Education

  The purpose of this research was to explore and understand the experiences of first generation minority students at Portland State University. First generation students are students whose parents have ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: First Generation Minority Students: Understanding the Influential Factors that Contributed to their Preparation and Decision to Pursue Higher Education Author: Cabrera, Alexis Shawnee Palacios Year: 2014 The purpose of this research was to explore and understand the experiences of first generation minority students at Portland State University. First generation students are students whose parents have not earned a four-year degree or the equivalence of a bachelor’s degree in the United States. By looking at factors that contributed to college decision making process, such as family, peers, high school educators, and high school mentor programs, we can better understand how these factors influence students’ experiences. A qualitative analysis was used to assess the responses from 42 students collected through an online survey. This study looked at how these factors influenced students’ preparation and decision to pursue higher education. In addition to analyzing specific factors, some motivational themes that emerged from the data included family expectations, financial stability, and personal/career goals. The findings of this study indicate that if parents, students, and school educators are involved then the student develops higher college aspirations and transitions successfully into college. One overall theme in this study emphasizes the importance of tackling students as early as middle school age. Title: First Generation Minority Students: Understanding the Influential Factors that Contributed to their Preparation and Decision to Pursue Higher Education Author: Cabrera, Alexis Shawnee Palacios Year: 2014 The purpose of this research was to explore and understand the experiences of first generation minority students at Portland State University. First generation students are students whose parents have not earned a four-year degree or the equivalence of a bachelor’s degree in the United States. By looking at factors that contributed to college decision making process, such as family, peers, high school educators, and high school mentor programs, we can better understand how these factors influence students’ experiences. A qualitative analysis was used to assess the responses from 42 students collected through an online survey. This study looked at how these factors influenced students’ preparation and decision to pursue higher education. In addition to analyzing specific factors, some motivational themes that emerged from the data included family expectations, financial stability, and personal/career goals. The findings of this study indicate that if parents, students, and school educators are involved then the student develops higher college aspirations and transitions successfully into college. One overall theme in this study emphasizes the importance of tackling students as early as middle school age. Close