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• 121. [Article] A Livelihood Intervention to Improve Economic and Psychosocial Well-Being in Rural Uganda: Longitudinal Pilot Study

  HIV and poverty are inextricably intertwined in sub-Saharan Africa. Economic and livelihood intervention strategies have been suggested to help mitigate the adverse economic effects of HIV, but few intervention ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A Livelihood Intervention to Improve Economic and Psychosocial Well-Being in Rural Uganda: Longitudinal Pilot Study Author: Kakuhikire, Bernard, Suquillo, Diego, Atuhumuza, Elly, Mushavi, Rumbidzai, Perkins, Jessica M., Venkataramani, Atheendar S., Weiser, Sheri D., Bangsberg, David, Tsai, Alexander C. Year: 2016 HIV and poverty are inextricably intertwined in sub-Saharan Africa. Economic and livelihood intervention strategies have been suggested to help mitigate the adverse economic effects of HIV, but few intervention studies have focused specifically on HIV positive persons. We conducted three pilot studies to assess a livelihood intervention consisting of an initial orientation and loan package of chickens and associated implements to create poultry microenterprises. We enrolled 15 HIV-positive and 22 HIV-negative participants and followed them for up to 18 months. Over the course of follow-up, participants achieved high chicken survival and loan repayment rates. Median monthly income increased, and severe food insecurity declined, although these changes were not statistically significant (P-values ranged from 0.11 to 0.68). In-depth interviews with a purposive sample of three HIV-positive participants identified a constellation of economic and psychosocial benefits, including improved social integration and reduced stigma. Title: A Livelihood Intervention to Improve Economic and Psychosocial Well-Being in Rural Uganda: Longitudinal Pilot Study Author: Kakuhikire, Bernard, Suquillo, Diego, Atuhumuza, Elly, Mushavi, Rumbidzai, Perkins, Jessica M., Venkataramani, Atheendar S., Weiser, Sheri D., Bangsberg, David, Tsai, Alexander C. Year: 2016 HIV and poverty are inextricably intertwined in sub-Saharan Africa. Economic and livelihood intervention strategies have been suggested to help mitigate the adverse economic effects of HIV, but few intervention studies have focused specifically on HIV positive persons. We conducted three pilot studies to assess a livelihood intervention consisting of an initial orientation and loan package of chickens and associated implements to create poultry microenterprises. We enrolled 15 HIV-positive and 22 HIV-negative participants and followed them for up to 18 months. Over the course of follow-up, participants achieved high chicken survival and loan repayment rates. Median monthly income increased, and severe food insecurity declined, although these changes were not statistically significant (P-values ranged from 0.11 to 0.68). In-depth interviews with a purposive sample of three HIV-positive participants identified a constellation of economic and psychosocial benefits, including improved social integration and reduced stigma. Close

• 122. [Article] Economic Evaluation of Lease vs Buy Option For Electric Vehicles (EV)

  The skyrocketing gas prices, environmental impact, and reducing long term dependence on oil are some of the few issues which have really pushed both the consumers and the vehicle makers to consider vehicles ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Economic Evaluation of Lease vs Buy Option For Electric Vehicles (EV) Author: Sie, Felix, Chintala, Pratheek, Chhatre, Purva, Viswanatha, Raghunath, Kancherla, Yasaswi Deepak Year: 2015 The skyrocketing gas prices, environmental impact, and reducing long term dependence on oil are some of the few issues which have really pushed both the consumers and the vehicle makers to consider vehicles powered with alternate sources of energy such Hydrogen Gas, Fuel cell, Hybrid Battery and Gasoline powered, and finally Battery only powered or also known as Electric vehicle. Of the above mentioned options Electric Vehicles are widely popular (trending) in the current vehicle purchase market. In this report an attempt has been made to explore both lease and buy options and make a recommendation as to which one would be a better alternative for the consumer in said vehicle. The results of economic analysis show that, it is generally better to lease the vehicle at lower APR and when the lease period is shorter. On the other hand, it is better to buy the vehicle at a higher APR than to lease it, since leasing will make one pay almost as high in interest as the one buying the vehicle. It was also shown that since the market fluctuation for used vehicles is uncertain, it is more risky to buy the vehicle if one intends to use it for a shorter period, since vehicles generally depreciate quicker in the first few years -­‐ being able to sell it for an anticipated market value might be difficult. Title: Economic Evaluation of Lease vs Buy Option For Electric Vehicles (EV) Author: Sie, Felix, Chintala, Pratheek, Chhatre, Purva, Viswanatha, Raghunath, Kancherla, Yasaswi Deepak Year: 2015 The skyrocketing gas prices, environmental impact, and reducing long term dependence on oil are some of the few issues which have really pushed both the consumers and the vehicle makers to consider vehicles powered with alternate sources of energy such Hydrogen Gas, Fuel cell, Hybrid Battery and Gasoline powered, and finally Battery only powered or also known as Electric vehicle. Of the above mentioned options Electric Vehicles are widely popular (trending) in the current vehicle purchase market. In this report an attempt has been made to explore both lease and buy options and make a recommendation as to which one would be a better alternative for the consumer in said vehicle. The results of economic analysis show that, it is generally better to lease the vehicle at lower APR and when the lease period is shorter. On the other hand, it is better to buy the vehicle at a higher APR than to lease it, since leasing will make one pay almost as high in interest as the one buying the vehicle. It was also shown that since the market fluctuation for used vehicles is uncertain, it is more risky to buy the vehicle if one intends to use it for a shorter period, since vehicles generally depreciate quicker in the first few years -­‐ being able to sell it for an anticipated market value might be difficult. Close

• 123. [Article] A Morphologic Proxy for Debris Flow Erosion With Application to the Earthquake Deformation Cycle, Cascadia Subduction Zone, USA

  In unglaciated steeplands, valley reaches dominated by debris flow scour and incision set landscape form as they often account for > 80% of valley network length and relief. While hillslope and fluvial ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A Morphologic Proxy for Debris Flow Erosion With Application to the Earthquake Deformation Cycle, Cascadia Subduction Zone, USA Author: Penserini, Brian D., Roering, Joshua J., Strieg, Ashley Year: 2017 In unglaciated steeplands, valley reaches dominated by debris flow scour and incision set landscape form as they often account for > 80% of valley network length and relief. While hillslope and fluvial process models have frequently been combined with digital topography to develop morphologic proxies for erosion rate and drainage divide migration, debris-flow-dominated networks, despite their ubiquity, have not been exploited for this purpose. Here, we applied an empirical function that describes how slope-area data systematically deviate from so-called fluvial power-law behavior at small drainage areas. Using airborne LiDAR data for 83 small (~ 1 km2) catchments in the western Oregon Coast Range, we quantified variation in model parameters and observed that the curvature of the power-law scaling deviation varies with catchment-averaged erosion rate estimated from cosmogenic nuclides in stream sediments. Given consistent climate and lithology across our study area and assuming steady erosion, we used this calibrated denudation-morphology relationship to map spatial patterns of long-term uplift for our study catchments. By combining our predicted pattern of long-term uplift rate with paleoseismic and geodetic (tide gauge, GPS, and leveling) data, we estimated the spatial distribution of coseismic subsidence experienced during megathrust earthquakes along the Cascadia Subduction Zone. Our estimates of coseismic subsidence near the coast (0.4 to 0.7 m for earthquake recurrence intervals of 300 to 500 years) agree with field measurements from numerous stratigraphic studies. Our results also demonstrate that coseismic subsidence decreases inland to negligible values > 25 km from the coast, reflecting the diminishing influence of the earthquake deformation cycle on vertical changes of the interior coastal ranges. More generally, our results demonstrate that debris flow valley networks serve as highly localized, yet broadly distributed indicators of erosion (and rock uplift), making them invaluable for mapping crustal deformation and landscape adjustment. © 2017 Elsevier B.V. Title: A Morphologic Proxy for Debris Flow Erosion With Application to the Earthquake Deformation Cycle, Cascadia Subduction Zone, USA Author: Penserini, Brian D., Roering, Joshua J., Strieg, Ashley Year: 2017 In unglaciated steeplands, valley reaches dominated by debris flow scour and incision set landscape form as they often account for > 80% of valley network length and relief. While hillslope and fluvial process models have frequently been combined with digital topography to develop morphologic proxies for erosion rate and drainage divide migration, debris-flow-dominated networks, despite their ubiquity, have not been exploited for this purpose. Here, we applied an empirical function that describes how slope-area data systematically deviate from so-called fluvial power-law behavior at small drainage areas. Using airborne LiDAR data for 83 small (~ 1 km2) catchments in the western Oregon Coast Range, we quantified variation in model parameters and observed that the curvature of the power-law scaling deviation varies with catchment-averaged erosion rate estimated from cosmogenic nuclides in stream sediments. Given consistent climate and lithology across our study area and assuming steady erosion, we used this calibrated denudation-morphology relationship to map spatial patterns of long-term uplift for our study catchments. By combining our predicted pattern of long-term uplift rate with paleoseismic and geodetic (tide gauge, GPS, and leveling) data, we estimated the spatial distribution of coseismic subsidence experienced during megathrust earthquakes along the Cascadia Subduction Zone. Our estimates of coseismic subsidence near the coast (0.4 to 0.7 m for earthquake recurrence intervals of 300 to 500 years) agree with field measurements from numerous stratigraphic studies. Our results also demonstrate that coseismic subsidence decreases inland to negligible values > 25 km from the coast, reflecting the diminishing influence of the earthquake deformation cycle on vertical changes of the interior coastal ranges. More generally, our results demonstrate that debris flow valley networks serve as highly localized, yet broadly distributed indicators of erosion (and rock uplift), making them invaluable for mapping crustal deformation and landscape adjustment. © 2017 Elsevier B.V. Close

• 124. [Article] Girl Power: The Episcopate and Female Agency in the Central Middle Ages

  In 1076, Henry IV, King of Germany (1056-1106), convened a synod of bishops with the intention of denouncing and deposing Pope Gregory VII (1073-85) in response to the latter’s actions after the Lenten ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Girl Power: The Episcopate and Female Agency in the Central Middle Ages Author: Brooks, Jackie Year: 2014 In 1076, Henry IV, King of Germany (1056-1106), convened a synod of bishops with the intention of denouncing and deposing Pope Gregory VII (1073-85) in response to the latter’s actions after the Lenten Synod of 1075. A majority of the German bishops present, allied with Henry, produced a letter to Gregory in which they renounced the method of his ascension to the papacy, as well as the methods he employed to achieve the reform he sought. In one passage, they particularly renounced Gregory’s well-known close relationships with several powerful women. The complaints of the bishops revolve around the belief that these women exerted an inordinate amount of influence in service of Gregory’s pontificate. They stated, "In this affair, our sense of decency is affected ... although the general complaint is sounded everywhere, that all judgments and all decrees are enacted by women in the Apostolic see, and ultimately that the whole orb of the Church is administered by this new senate of women." While this remonstrance of Gregory’s friendships with women follows the generally misogynist views common during the period, there is evidence that the clergy of the Middle Ages were more aware of the power held by many of the noble laywomen of Europe than they perhaps would have wanted to admit. Evidence to this effect can be found in the many extant letters from high ranking clergymen, primarily bishops and popes, to a variety of noble women, in which these women are regularly called upon to support the Church in many ways. Joan Ferrante found "the letters show that women’s authority, political and intellectual, is recognized by the men who work with them, that women collaborate and cooperate with men in politics, religion, and scholarship as colleagues, that their friendship and support is valued and trusted." What will be examined here are the ways in which several members of the clergy of the eleventh and twelfth centuries not only recognized that women had access to power and influence, but that these bishops commonly worked to access this power for the support of the political agenda of the Church. Title: Girl Power: The Episcopate and Female Agency in the Central Middle Ages Author: Brooks, Jackie Year: 2014 In 1076, Henry IV, King of Germany (1056-1106), convened a synod of bishops with the intention of denouncing and deposing Pope Gregory VII (1073-85) in response to the latter’s actions after the Lenten Synod of 1075. A majority of the German bishops present, allied with Henry, produced a letter to Gregory in which they renounced the method of his ascension to the papacy, as well as the methods he employed to achieve the reform he sought. In one passage, they particularly renounced Gregory’s well-known close relationships with several powerful women. The complaints of the bishops revolve around the belief that these women exerted an inordinate amount of influence in service of Gregory’s pontificate. They stated, "In this affair, our sense of decency is affected ... although the general complaint is sounded everywhere, that all judgments and all decrees are enacted by women in the Apostolic see, and ultimately that the whole orb of the Church is administered by this new senate of women." While this remonstrance of Gregory’s friendships with women follows the generally misogynist views common during the period, there is evidence that the clergy of the Middle Ages were more aware of the power held by many of the noble laywomen of Europe than they perhaps would have wanted to admit. Evidence to this effect can be found in the many extant letters from high ranking clergymen, primarily bishops and popes, to a variety of noble women, in which these women are regularly called upon to support the Church in many ways. Joan Ferrante found "the letters show that women’s authority, political and intellectual, is recognized by the men who work with them, that women collaborate and cooperate with men in politics, religion, and scholarship as colleagues, that their friendship and support is valued and trusted." What will be examined here are the ways in which several members of the clergy of the eleventh and twelfth centuries not only recognized that women had access to power and influence, but that these bishops commonly worked to access this power for the support of the political agenda of the Church. Close

• 125. [Article] Neighborhood Change and the Role of Environmental Stewardship: a Case Study of Green Infrastructure for Stormwater in the City of Portland, Oregon, USA

  Throughout the history of cities, the ecological landscape has often been buried, removed, or taken for granted. A recent recognition that humans are part of the global ecosystem, and that human actions ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Neighborhood Change and the Role of Environmental Stewardship: a Case Study of Green Infrastructure for Stormwater in the City of Portland, Oregon, USA Author: Shandas, Vivek Year: 2015 Throughout the history of cities, the ecological landscape has often been buried, removed, or taken for granted. A recent recognition that humans are part of the global ecosystem, and that human actions both cause and are affected by ecological change, brings with it an awareness of the value of nature in cities and of natural systems on which cities depend. The feedbacks between humans and their environment within an urban context can have profound implications for the growth of and change in cities, yet there is a limited understanding of the interactions between biophysical changes in cities and the implications of these changes on the quality of life for residents. The application of a coupled human and natural systems (CHANS) framework provides a timely and fruitful opportunity to enrich the theory, methods, and understanding of these feedbacks and interconnections. Here, I integrated biophysical and social dimensions relevant to managing urban stormwater by examining a case study of Portland, Oregon, USA. I used empirical data from a pre-post survey (2-yr span) of residents in eight urban neighborhoods to describe feedbacks and interactions between a localized biophysical change in the form of a large-scale decentralized stormwater program and the resulting changes in resident's perceptions in neighborhoods undergoing rapid change. My findings corroborate earlier findings suggesting that people with higher income and education levels are more likely to participate in stewardship actions. The results also suggest an overall and initial negative perception of neighborhoods facilities and services immediately following the construction of decentralized stormwater facilities, but conversely, high levels of anticipation for their construction. By describing these findings through a CHANS framework, I make explicit the importance of integrating scientific understanding, governance efforts, and human behaviors to address acute urban environmental challenges. Title: Neighborhood Change and the Role of Environmental Stewardship: a Case Study of Green Infrastructure for Stormwater in the City of Portland, Oregon, USA Author: Shandas, Vivek Year: 2015 Throughout the history of cities, the ecological landscape has often been buried, removed, or taken for granted. A recent recognition that humans are part of the global ecosystem, and that human actions both cause and are affected by ecological change, brings with it an awareness of the value of nature in cities and of natural systems on which cities depend. The feedbacks between humans and their environment within an urban context can have profound implications for the growth of and change in cities, yet there is a limited understanding of the interactions between biophysical changes in cities and the implications of these changes on the quality of life for residents. The application of a coupled human and natural systems (CHANS) framework provides a timely and fruitful opportunity to enrich the theory, methods, and understanding of these feedbacks and interconnections. Here, I integrated biophysical and social dimensions relevant to managing urban stormwater by examining a case study of Portland, Oregon, USA. I used empirical data from a pre-post survey (2-yr span) of residents in eight urban neighborhoods to describe feedbacks and interactions between a localized biophysical change in the form of a large-scale decentralized stormwater program and the resulting changes in resident's perceptions in neighborhoods undergoing rapid change. My findings corroborate earlier findings suggesting that people with higher income and education levels are more likely to participate in stewardship actions. The results also suggest an overall and initial negative perception of neighborhoods facilities and services immediately following the construction of decentralized stormwater facilities, but conversely, high levels of anticipation for their construction. By describing these findings through a CHANS framework, I make explicit the importance of integrating scientific understanding, governance efforts, and human behaviors to address acute urban environmental challenges. Close

• 126. [Article] Learning Intercultural Competency through International Immersion Travel

  Growing informational technology and international business alongside the speed of travel, have facilitated intercultural contact and increased the need for intercultural competency. As the world shrinks ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Learning Intercultural Competency through International Immersion Travel Author: Patching-Bunch, Jessica Year: 2016 Growing informational technology and international business alongside the speed of travel, have facilitated intercultural contact and increased the need for intercultural competency. As the world shrinks there are less defined lines between "us" and "them" and there is an increased need to look beyond our differences and focus on genuine human similarities. Intercultural competency is the ability to interact and communicate with another culture without violating valued social norms. Intercultural competency is preceded by a process of exposure and adaptation to new environments. Intercultural exposure is easily facilitated by international travel. Experiences abroad can be divided into two categories, quality and quantity. It has been suggested that the type of international travel rather than quantity of time spent abroad influences intercultural adaptation. The focus of this paper is to propose long term international travel as an important part of achieving intercultural competency. It is theorized that there is a progressive process that moves a person from ethnocentrism to ethnorelativism. Understanding the way in which one learns to move through this process is an important part of identifying how one becomes interculturally competent. It is essential to recognize factors specific to the individual as well as the cultures and societies they are moving between. It has been found that people who successfully adapt interculturally to become bicultural or multicultural have high correlations with extroversion, creativity, restraint and intellect. Other studies suggest that there is a higher level of cognitive complexity among bicultural or multicultural persons opposed to monocultural persons. Title: Learning Intercultural Competency through International Immersion Travel Author: Patching-Bunch, Jessica Year: 2016 Growing informational technology and international business alongside the speed of travel, have facilitated intercultural contact and increased the need for intercultural competency. As the world shrinks there are less defined lines between "us" and "them" and there is an increased need to look beyond our differences and focus on genuine human similarities. Intercultural competency is the ability to interact and communicate with another culture without violating valued social norms. Intercultural competency is preceded by a process of exposure and adaptation to new environments. Intercultural exposure is easily facilitated by international travel. Experiences abroad can be divided into two categories, quality and quantity. It has been suggested that the type of international travel rather than quantity of time spent abroad influences intercultural adaptation. The focus of this paper is to propose long term international travel as an important part of achieving intercultural competency. It is theorized that there is a progressive process that moves a person from ethnocentrism to ethnorelativism. Understanding the way in which one learns to move through this process is an important part of identifying how one becomes interculturally competent. It is essential to recognize factors specific to the individual as well as the cultures and societies they are moving between. It has been found that people who successfully adapt interculturally to become bicultural or multicultural have high correlations with extroversion, creativity, restraint and intellect. Other studies suggest that there is a higher level of cognitive complexity among bicultural or multicultural persons opposed to monocultural persons. Close

• 127. [Article] Benefit-Cost Evaluation Method for Transit Stop Removal

  The introduction of wider stop spacing through the removal or consolidation of existing stops is one method transit agencies can use to reduce travel time and reliability on many transit lines. A great ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Benefit-Cost Evaluation Method for Transit Stop Removal Author: Wagner, Zef Year: 2014 The introduction of wider stop spacing through the removal or consolidation of existing stops is one method transit agencies can use to reduce travel time and reliability on many transit lines. A great deal of research has been done to provide tools for determining optimal stop spacing, but tools are still needed to help service planners determine the optimal stops to remove. Stop-level bus performance data provide the information needed to develop a method for assessing the total benefits and costs to riders of removing individual stops. This tool compares the benefit to through-riders in terms of travel time savings with the additional access cost to riders using the stop. The tool was applied to a bus route in Portland, Oregon, using stop-level ridership data from TriMet, the regional transit agency. The case study identifies three stops with very high benefit-cost ratios and discusses the effects of removing those stops. A sensitivity analysis is performed to show the effect of changing the value of time factor or the assumed time savings from each stop removal. Further research needs are identified and tradeoffs are discussed regarding the use of this tool. Overall, the assessment tool provides a relatively simple way for transit service planners to identify ideal stops for removal or consolidation. Title: Benefit-Cost Evaluation Method for Transit Stop Removal Author: Wagner, Zef Year: 2014 The introduction of wider stop spacing through the removal or consolidation of existing stops is one method transit agencies can use to reduce travel time and reliability on many transit lines. A great deal of research has been done to provide tools for determining optimal stop spacing, but tools are still needed to help service planners determine the optimal stops to remove. Stop-level bus performance data provide the information needed to develop a method for assessing the total benefits and costs to riders of removing individual stops. This tool compares the benefit to through-riders in terms of travel time savings with the additional access cost to riders using the stop. The tool was applied to a bus route in Portland, Oregon, using stop-level ridership data from TriMet, the regional transit agency. The case study identifies three stops with very high benefit-cost ratios and discusses the effects of removing those stops. A sensitivity analysis is performed to show the effect of changing the value of time factor or the assumed time savings from each stop removal. Further research needs are identified and tradeoffs are discussed regarding the use of this tool. Overall, the assessment tool provides a relatively simple way for transit service planners to identify ideal stops for removal or consolidation. Close

• 128. [Article] Sex-Specific Morphological and Physiological Differences in the Moss Ceratodon purpureus (Dicranales)

  Background and Aims: Dioecy and sexual dimorphism occur in many terrestrial plant species but are especially widespread among the bryophytes. Despite the prevalence of dioecy in non-vascular plants, surprisingly ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Sex-Specific Morphological and Physiological Differences in the Moss Ceratodon purpureus (Dicranales) Author: Slate, Mandy L., Rosenstiel, Todd N., Eppley, Sarah M. Year: 2017 Background and Aims: Dioecy and sexual dimorphism occur in many terrestrial plant species but are especially widespread among the bryophytes. Despite the prevalence of dioecy in non-vascular plants, surprisingly little is known about how fine-scale sex-specific cell and leaf morphological traits are correlated with sex-specific physiology and population sex ratios. Such data are critical to understanding the inter-relationship between sex-specific morphological and physiological characters and how their relationship influences population structure. In this study, these data types were assessed to determine how they vary across three populations within one moss species and whether fine-scale morphological traits scale up to physiological and sex ratio characteristics. Methods: Twenty cell-, leaf- and canopy-level traits and two photochemical measurements were compared between sexes and populations of the dioecious moss Ceratodon purpureus. Field population-expressed sex ratios were obtained for the same populations. Key Results: Male and female plants differed in cell, leaf and photochemical measures. These sexual dimorphisms were female biased, with females having larger and thicker leaves and greater values for chlorophyll fluorescence-based, leaf photochemistry measurements than males. Female traits were also more variable than male traits. Interestingly, field population sex ratios were significantly male biased in two study populations and female biased in the third study population. Conclusions: The results demonstrate that the larger morphology and the greater physiological output of female C. purpureus gametophytes compared with males occurs across populations and is likely to have significant effects on resource allocation and biotic interactions. However, this high level of dimorphism does not explain population sex ratio variation in the three study populations tested. This research lays the groundwork for future studies on how differential sex-specific variation in cell and leaf traits influences bryophyte plant fitness. Title: Sex-Specific Morphological and Physiological Differences in the Moss Ceratodon purpureus (Dicranales) Author: Slate, Mandy L., Rosenstiel, Todd N., Eppley, Sarah M. Year: 2017 Background and Aims: Dioecy and sexual dimorphism occur in many terrestrial plant species but are especially widespread among the bryophytes. Despite the prevalence of dioecy in non-vascular plants, surprisingly little is known about how fine-scale sex-specific cell and leaf morphological traits are correlated with sex-specific physiology and population sex ratios. Such data are critical to understanding the inter-relationship between sex-specific morphological and physiological characters and how their relationship influences population structure. In this study, these data types were assessed to determine how they vary across three populations within one moss species and whether fine-scale morphological traits scale up to physiological and sex ratio characteristics. Methods: Twenty cell-, leaf- and canopy-level traits and two photochemical measurements were compared between sexes and populations of the dioecious moss Ceratodon purpureus. Field population-expressed sex ratios were obtained for the same populations. Key Results: Male and female plants differed in cell, leaf and photochemical measures. These sexual dimorphisms were female biased, with females having larger and thicker leaves and greater values for chlorophyll fluorescence-based, leaf photochemistry measurements than males. Female traits were also more variable than male traits. Interestingly, field population sex ratios were significantly male biased in two study populations and female biased in the third study population. Conclusions: The results demonstrate that the larger morphology and the greater physiological output of female C. purpureus gametophytes compared with males occurs across populations and is likely to have significant effects on resource allocation and biotic interactions. However, this high level of dimorphism does not explain population sex ratio variation in the three study populations tested. This research lays the groundwork for future studies on how differential sex-specific variation in cell and leaf traits influences bryophyte plant fitness. Close

• 129. [Article] Developing a Bioeconomic Model to Foster Discussions among Stakeholders: An Application to Indonesian Blue Swimming Crab Fisheries

  Suggested Bibliographic Reference: Challenging New Frontiers in the Global Seafood Sector: Proceedings of the Eighteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Developing a Bioeconomic Model to Foster Discussions among Stakeholders: An Application to Indonesian Blue Swimming Crab Fisheries Author: Whalen, Jack, Metz, Sebastien, Tingley, Geoff, Anggraeni, Dessy, Garcia-Caudillo, Juan Manuel, Cannon, Jim Year: 2016 Suggested Bibliographic Reference: Challenging New Frontiers in the Global Seafood Sector: Proceedings of the Eighteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, July 11-15, 2016. Compiled by Stefani J. Evers and Ann L. Shriver. International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade (IIFET), Corvallis, 2016. Title: Developing a Bioeconomic Model to Foster Discussions among Stakeholders: An Application to Indonesian Blue Swimming Crab Fisheries Author: Whalen, Jack, Metz, Sebastien, Tingley, Geoff, Anggraeni, Dessy, Garcia-Caudillo, Juan Manuel, Cannon, Jim Year: 2016 Suggested Bibliographic Reference: Challenging New Frontiers in the Global Seafood Sector: Proceedings of the Eighteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, July 11-15, 2016. Compiled by Stefani J. Evers and Ann L. Shriver. International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade (IIFET), Corvallis, 2016. Close

• 130. [Article] Hitting Capacity: Implications for the Valuation of Outdoor Recreation

  Suggested Bibliographic Reference: Challenging New Frontiers in the Global Seafood Sector: Proceedings of the Eighteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Hitting Capacity: Implications for the Valuation of Outdoor Recreation Author: Hilger, James, Steiner, Christopher Year: 2016 Suggested Bibliographic Reference: Challenging New Frontiers in the Global Seafood Sector: Proceedings of the Eighteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, July 11-15, 2016. Compiled by Stefani J. Evers and Ann L. Shriver. International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade (IIFET), Corvallis, 2016. Title: Hitting Capacity: Implications for the Valuation of Outdoor Recreation Author: Hilger, James, Steiner, Christopher Year: 2016 Suggested Bibliographic Reference: Challenging New Frontiers in the Global Seafood Sector: Proceedings of the Eighteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, July 11-15, 2016. Compiled by Stefani J. Evers and Ann L. Shriver. International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade (IIFET), Corvallis, 2016. Close