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• 31. [Article] Fire and Ice: Regulating Methane Hydrate as a Potential New Energy Source

  24 pages

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Fire and Ice: Regulating Methane Hydrate as a Potential New Energy Source Author: Jackson, Erin Year: 2014 24 pages Title: Fire and Ice: Regulating Methane Hydrate as a Potential New Energy Source Author: Jackson, Erin Year: 2014 24 pages Close

• 32. [Article] Investigation of Secondary Coordination Sphere Effects for Cyanohydrin Hydration with Transition Metal Catalysts

  The synthesis of high value acrylic monomers is currently done industrially via cyanohydrin hydration using concentrated acids, resulting in large quantities of useless byproducts. This current process ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Investigation of Secondary Coordination Sphere Effects for Cyanohydrin Hydration with Transition Metal Catalysts Author: Knapp, Spring Melody Year: 2012, 2014 The synthesis of high value acrylic monomers is currently done industrially via cyanohydrin hydration using concentrated acids, resulting in large quantities of useless byproducts. This current process is energy intensive and lacks atom economy; therefore, alternative cyanohydrin hydration strategies are under investigation. Ideally, cyanohydrin hydration would be done using organometallic nitrile hydration catalysts. Cyanohydrin hydration with these catalysts is challenging, because it needs to be done at low temperatures and under acidic conditions to reduce cyanohydrin degradation and catalyst poisoning with cyanide. This dissertation describes the reactivity of [Ru(#951; Title: Investigation of Secondary Coordination Sphere Effects for Cyanohydrin Hydration with Transition Metal Catalysts Author: Knapp, Spring Melody Year: 2012, 2014 The synthesis of high value acrylic monomers is currently done industrially via cyanohydrin hydration using concentrated acids, resulting in large quantities of useless byproducts. This current process is energy intensive and lacks atom economy; therefore, alternative cyanohydrin hydration strategies are under investigation. Ideally, cyanohydrin hydration would be done using organometallic nitrile hydration catalysts. Cyanohydrin hydration with these catalysts is challenging, because it needs to be done at low temperatures and under acidic conditions to reduce cyanohydrin degradation and catalyst poisoning with cyanide. This dissertation describes the reactivity of [Ru(#951; Close

• 33. [Article] Essays on Economic Development and Climate Change

  The first essay considers the relative effectiveness of government and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) as channels to allocate resources. I use a catastrophic climate-related shock--Hurricane Mitch--to ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Essays on Economic Development and Climate Change Author: Fitch-Fleischmann, Benjamin Year: 2015 The first essay considers the relative effectiveness of government and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) as channels to allocate resources. I use a catastrophic climate-related shock--Hurricane Mitch--to examine the political economy of these channels of aid distribution at the micro level. I combine extensive data on aid received by Nicaraguan households with data on municipal election outcomes and an exogenous, precipitation-based measure of hurricane impact. I find that the hurricane had long-lasting effects on the aid received by households from both NGOs and the government. In the short term, however, the government did not provide aid according to the objective measure of hurricane damage but instead provided aid along political lines. The second essay presents estimates of a relationship between extreme hot temperatures during gestation and a child's subsequent physical well-being in a sample of children in Peru, thus extending existing evidence constructed from U.S. data. Estimates are constructed using high-resolution gridded climate data and geo-coded household surveys. The results suggest that a period of extreme heat (a month whose average temperature is more than 2 standard deviations above the local average) in the period 1 to 3 months before birth is associated with lower weight at birth and a reduction in height (measured 1 to 59 months after birth) that cannot be fully explained by birth weight. There is no evidence of differential maternal investment, as measured by duration of breastfeeding, according to a child's exposure to extreme heat during gestation. The third essay asks whether improved treatment of HIV/AIDS in Africa can be achieved simply by paying health workers to do more. I present estimates of the impact of financial incentives paid to individual workers at public health facilities in Mozambique. The results suggest that piece-rate incentives increased the delivery of five out of fourteen health services for which treatment effects can be identified, with estimated increases ranging from 34 to 157 percent, depending on the particular service. I find no evidence of a corresponding decrease in the delivery of services that are not financially incentivized, suggesting that there is no "crowding out" of intrinsic motivation. Title: Essays on Economic Development and Climate Change Author: Fitch-Fleischmann, Benjamin Year: 2015 The first essay considers the relative effectiveness of government and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) as channels to allocate resources. I use a catastrophic climate-related shock--Hurricane Mitch--to examine the political economy of these channels of aid distribution at the micro level. I combine extensive data on aid received by Nicaraguan households with data on municipal election outcomes and an exogenous, precipitation-based measure of hurricane impact. I find that the hurricane had long-lasting effects on the aid received by households from both NGOs and the government. In the short term, however, the government did not provide aid according to the objective measure of hurricane damage but instead provided aid along political lines. The second essay presents estimates of a relationship between extreme hot temperatures during gestation and a child's subsequent physical well-being in a sample of children in Peru, thus extending existing evidence constructed from U.S. data. Estimates are constructed using high-resolution gridded climate data and geo-coded household surveys. The results suggest that a period of extreme heat (a month whose average temperature is more than 2 standard deviations above the local average) in the period 1 to 3 months before birth is associated with lower weight at birth and a reduction in height (measured 1 to 59 months after birth) that cannot be fully explained by birth weight. There is no evidence of differential maternal investment, as measured by duration of breastfeeding, according to a child's exposure to extreme heat during gestation. The third essay asks whether improved treatment of HIV/AIDS in Africa can be achieved simply by paying health workers to do more. I present estimates of the impact of financial incentives paid to individual workers at public health facilities in Mozambique. The results suggest that piece-rate incentives increased the delivery of five out of fourteen health services for which treatment effects can be identified, with estimated increases ranging from 34 to 157 percent, depending on the particular service. I find no evidence of a corresponding decrease in the delivery of services that are not financially incentivized, suggesting that there is no "crowding out" of intrinsic motivation. Close

• 34. [Article] A Hierarchical Modeling Approach to Simulating the Geomorphic Response of River Systems to Climate Change

  Anthropogenic climate change significantly affects water resources. River flows in mountainous regions are driven by snowmelt and are therefore highly sensitive to increases in temperature resulting from ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A Hierarchical Modeling Approach to Simulating the Geomorphic Response of River Systems to Climate Change Author: Praskievicz, Sarah Year: 2014 Anthropogenic climate change significantly affects water resources. River flows in mountainous regions are driven by snowmelt and are therefore highly sensitive to increases in temperature resulting from climate change. Climate-driven hydrological changes are potentially significant for the fluvial geomorphology of river systems. In unchanging climatic and tectonic conditions, a river's morphology will develop in equilibrium with inputs of water and sediment, but climate change represents a potential forcing on these variables that may push the system into disequilibrium and cause significant changes in river morphology. Geomorphic factors, such as channel geometry, planform, and sediment transport, are major determinants of the value of river systems, including their suitability for threatened and endangered species and for human uses of water. This dissertation research uses a hierarchical modeling approach to investigate potential impacts of anthropogenic climate change on river morphology in the interior Pacific Northwest. The research will address the following theoretical and methodological objectives: 1) Develop downscaled climate change scenarios, based on regional climate-model output, including changes in daily minimum and maximum temperature and precipitation. 2) Estimate how climate change scenarios affect river discharge and suspended-sediment load, using a basin-scale hydrologic model. 3) Examine potential impacts of climate-driven hydrologic changes on stream power and shear stress, bedload sediment transport, and river morphology, including channel geometry and planform. The downscaling approach, based on empirically-estimated local topographic lapse rates, produces high-resolution climate grids with positive forecast skill. The hydrologic modeling results indicate that projected climate change in the study rivers will change the annual cycle of hydrology, with increased winter discharge, a decrease in the magnitude of the spring snowmelt peak, and decreased summer discharge. Geomorphic modeling results suggest that changes in reach-averaged bedload transport are highly sensitive to likely changes in the recurrence interval of the critical discharge needed to mobilize bed sediments. This dissertation research makes an original contribution to the climate-change impacts literature by linking Earth processes across a wide range of spatial scales to project changes in river systems that may be significant for management of these systems for societal and ecological benefits. This dissertation includes unpublished co-authored material. Title: A Hierarchical Modeling Approach to Simulating the Geomorphic Response of River Systems to Climate Change Author: Praskievicz, Sarah Year: 2014 Anthropogenic climate change significantly affects water resources. River flows in mountainous regions are driven by snowmelt and are therefore highly sensitive to increases in temperature resulting from climate change. Climate-driven hydrological changes are potentially significant for the fluvial geomorphology of river systems. In unchanging climatic and tectonic conditions, a river's morphology will develop in equilibrium with inputs of water and sediment, but climate change represents a potential forcing on these variables that may push the system into disequilibrium and cause significant changes in river morphology. Geomorphic factors, such as channel geometry, planform, and sediment transport, are major determinants of the value of river systems, including their suitability for threatened and endangered species and for human uses of water. This dissertation research uses a hierarchical modeling approach to investigate potential impacts of anthropogenic climate change on river morphology in the interior Pacific Northwest. The research will address the following theoretical and methodological objectives: 1) Develop downscaled climate change scenarios, based on regional climate-model output, including changes in daily minimum and maximum temperature and precipitation. 2) Estimate how climate change scenarios affect river discharge and suspended-sediment load, using a basin-scale hydrologic model. 3) Examine potential impacts of climate-driven hydrologic changes on stream power and shear stress, bedload sediment transport, and river morphology, including channel geometry and planform. The downscaling approach, based on empirically-estimated local topographic lapse rates, produces high-resolution climate grids with positive forecast skill. The hydrologic modeling results indicate that projected climate change in the study rivers will change the annual cycle of hydrology, with increased winter discharge, a decrease in the magnitude of the spring snowmelt peak, and decreased summer discharge. Geomorphic modeling results suggest that changes in reach-averaged bedload transport are highly sensitive to likely changes in the recurrence interval of the critical discharge needed to mobilize bed sediments. This dissertation research makes an original contribution to the climate-change impacts literature by linking Earth processes across a wide range of spatial scales to project changes in river systems that may be significant for management of these systems for societal and ecological benefits. This dissertation includes unpublished co-authored material. Close

• 35. [Article] Chronic passive heat therapy as a novel means of improving vascular function in sedentary humans

  Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the developed world. The majority of cardiovascular diseases are characterized by disorders of the arteries, predominantly caused by endothelial ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Chronic passive heat therapy as a novel means of improving vascular function in sedentary humans Author: Brunt, Vienna Year: 2016 Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the developed world. The majority of cardiovascular diseases are characterized by disorders of the arteries, predominantly caused by endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffening. Passive heat stress results in elevations in core temperature (inducing heat shock protein expression) and changes in cardiovascular hemodynamics, such as increased cardiac output and shear stress, that are similar to exercise. Thus, repeated passive heat stress (“heat therapy”) may provide an alternative means of improving cardiovascular health, particularly for patients with limited exercise tolerance and/or capabilities. Therefore, the goal of this dissertation was to perform integrative studies to determine the effects of heat therapy on vascular function and the associated cellular pathways in young, sedentary humans. Twenty subjects were assigned to participate in 8 weeks (4-5x/week) of heat therapy (N=10; immersion in a 40.5°C bath sufficient to maintain rectal temperature ≥38.5°C for 60 min/session) or thermoneutral water immersion (N=10; sham). As discussed in Chapter V, we found that heat therapy improved numerous well-established biomarkers of conduit vessel/macrovascular function, including flow-mediated dilation (a measure of endothelial function), arterial stiffness, intima media thickness, and blood pressure. Heat therapy also improved microvascular function, as discussed in Chapter VI, measured as improved cutaneous thermal hyperemia and nitric oxide-dependent dilation (the difference between microdialysis sites receiving Lactated Ringer’s [control] and nitric oxide synthase inhibition). No changes were observed in any variables in sham subjects. In Chapter VII, we showed that both direct cellular heating and serum collected from human subjects following heat therapy improved nitric oxide bioavailability and angiogenesis in cultured endothelial cells, providing potential mechanisms by which heat therapy improves vascular function in vivo. Therefore, the studies described herein provide comprehensive evidence that passive heat therapy improves vascular health and insight into the mechanisms involved. Our data presented in Chapters IV-VII, combined with pilot data we conducted in spinal cord injured individuals (Chapter VIII), strongly indicate that passive heat therapy could be used as a simple and effective tool to improve cardiovascular health in a variety of patient populations. This dissertation includes published and unpublished co-authored material. Title: Chronic passive heat therapy as a novel means of improving vascular function in sedentary humans Author: Brunt, Vienna Year: 2016 Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the developed world. The majority of cardiovascular diseases are characterized by disorders of the arteries, predominantly caused by endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffening. Passive heat stress results in elevations in core temperature (inducing heat shock protein expression) and changes in cardiovascular hemodynamics, such as increased cardiac output and shear stress, that are similar to exercise. Thus, repeated passive heat stress (“heat therapy”) may provide an alternative means of improving cardiovascular health, particularly for patients with limited exercise tolerance and/or capabilities. Therefore, the goal of this dissertation was to perform integrative studies to determine the effects of heat therapy on vascular function and the associated cellular pathways in young, sedentary humans. Twenty subjects were assigned to participate in 8 weeks (4-5x/week) of heat therapy (N=10; immersion in a 40.5°C bath sufficient to maintain rectal temperature ≥38.5°C for 60 min/session) or thermoneutral water immersion (N=10; sham). As discussed in Chapter V, we found that heat therapy improved numerous well-established biomarkers of conduit vessel/macrovascular function, including flow-mediated dilation (a measure of endothelial function), arterial stiffness, intima media thickness, and blood pressure. Heat therapy also improved microvascular function, as discussed in Chapter VI, measured as improved cutaneous thermal hyperemia and nitric oxide-dependent dilation (the difference between microdialysis sites receiving Lactated Ringer’s [control] and nitric oxide synthase inhibition). No changes were observed in any variables in sham subjects. In Chapter VII, we showed that both direct cellular heating and serum collected from human subjects following heat therapy improved nitric oxide bioavailability and angiogenesis in cultured endothelial cells, providing potential mechanisms by which heat therapy improves vascular function in vivo. Therefore, the studies described herein provide comprehensive evidence that passive heat therapy improves vascular health and insight into the mechanisms involved. Our data presented in Chapters IV-VII, combined with pilot data we conducted in spinal cord injured individuals (Chapter VIII), strongly indicate that passive heat therapy could be used as a simple and effective tool to improve cardiovascular health in a variety of patient populations. This dissertation includes published and unpublished co-authored material. Close

• 36. [Article] Advances in Supramolecular Catalysis: Studies of Bifurcated Hamilton Receptors

  Bidentate ligands are a commonly used class of ligands in catalysis that generate highly-active and selective catalysts. Such bidentate ligands, however, often suffer from synthetic challenges, which can ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Advances in Supramolecular Catalysis: Studies of Bifurcated Hamilton Receptors Author: McGrath, Jacqueline Year: 2016 Bidentate ligands are a commonly used class of ligands in catalysis that generate highly-active and selective catalysts. Such bidentate ligands, however, often suffer from synthetic challenges, which can be alleviated by the use of simpler monodentate ligands that assemble through non-covalent interactions to mimic the structure of bidentate ligands at the metal center. To produce a strongly assembled catalyst complex, the Hamilton receptor motif was utilized. Hamilton receptors form six hydrogen bonds with complementary guests and have binding affinities for barbiturates of up to 104 M-1 in CDCl3. Complete bifurcation of the Hamilton scaffold produces a modular ligand structure that allows for modification of either end of the supramolecular ligand structure. Similarly, the barbiturate guest can be synthetically altered creating both chiral guests and guests with differing amounts of steric bulk. Both experimental titration data and density functional theory calculations show that steric bulk discourages binding of the guest while a pre-organized host encourages guest inclusion. Electronic effects on the bifurcated Hamilton system were studied by varying the electron donating or withdrawing ability of the benzamide moiety on the host molecule. Electron withdrawing moieties produce more acidic amide hydrogens on the host which are able to participate in stronger hydrogen bonds with the guest resulting in a stronger host-guest complex. The effects of substitutions on the barbiturate guest were examined as well, and increased steric bulk on the guest resulted in decreased affinities with the host. The bifurcated Hamilton receptor ligands were examined in the palladium-catalyzed Heck reaction of iodobenzene with butyl acrylate. Pd2(OAc)4 was used as a control and all reaction yields with the diphenylphosphine ligand-stabilized Pd were greater than or equal to those obtained with Pd2(OAc)4 alone. The reaction rates did not correlate with the determined binding constants, suggesting that phosphine substitution on the guest plays a larger role than affinity of the complex for the guest. Reaction temperatures were varied, and at lower temperatures the yields increased implying that the strength of the hydrogen bonds between the metal complex and the guest does play a secondary role in the catalysis. This dissertation includes previously published co-authored material. Title: Advances in Supramolecular Catalysis: Studies of Bifurcated Hamilton Receptors Author: McGrath, Jacqueline Year: 2016 Bidentate ligands are a commonly used class of ligands in catalysis that generate highly-active and selective catalysts. Such bidentate ligands, however, often suffer from synthetic challenges, which can be alleviated by the use of simpler monodentate ligands that assemble through non-covalent interactions to mimic the structure of bidentate ligands at the metal center. To produce a strongly assembled catalyst complex, the Hamilton receptor motif was utilized. Hamilton receptors form six hydrogen bonds with complementary guests and have binding affinities for barbiturates of up to 104 M-1 in CDCl3. Complete bifurcation of the Hamilton scaffold produces a modular ligand structure that allows for modification of either end of the supramolecular ligand structure. Similarly, the barbiturate guest can be synthetically altered creating both chiral guests and guests with differing amounts of steric bulk. Both experimental titration data and density functional theory calculations show that steric bulk discourages binding of the guest while a pre-organized host encourages guest inclusion. Electronic effects on the bifurcated Hamilton system were studied by varying the electron donating or withdrawing ability of the benzamide moiety on the host molecule. Electron withdrawing moieties produce more acidic amide hydrogens on the host which are able to participate in stronger hydrogen bonds with the guest resulting in a stronger host-guest complex. The effects of substitutions on the barbiturate guest were examined as well, and increased steric bulk on the guest resulted in decreased affinities with the host. The bifurcated Hamilton receptor ligands were examined in the palladium-catalyzed Heck reaction of iodobenzene with butyl acrylate. Pd2(OAc)4 was used as a control and all reaction yields with the diphenylphosphine ligand-stabilized Pd were greater than or equal to those obtained with Pd2(OAc)4 alone. The reaction rates did not correlate with the determined binding constants, suggesting that phosphine substitution on the guest plays a larger role than affinity of the complex for the guest. Reaction temperatures were varied, and at lower temperatures the yields increased implying that the strength of the hydrogen bonds between the metal complex and the guest does play a secondary role in the catalysis. This dissertation includes previously published co-authored material. Close

• 37. [Article] Stability, Reactivity, and Constituent Interaction in TiSe2-Based Metastable Misfit Layer Compounds Synthesized from Designed Amorphous Precursors

  A series of intergrowth compounds with the basic formula [(MSe)1+δ]m(TiSe2)n are reported. The compounds are prepared from modulated elemental reactants and display interesting structural and electronic ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Stability, Reactivity, and Constituent Interaction in TiSe2-Based Metastable Misfit Layer Compounds Synthesized from Designed Amorphous Precursors Author: Merrill, Devin Year: 2016 A series of intergrowth compounds with the basic formula [(MSe)1+δ]m(TiSe2)n are reported. The compounds are prepared from modulated elemental reactants and display interesting structural and electronic behavior. Section 1 of this dissertation outlines initial attempts to characterize constituent interaction. The first member of the SnSe based subclass is reported and displays the highest Seebeck coefficient of any m = n = 1 compound reported to date, and a surprising amount of order is observed, compared to previously reported compounds. With properly established deposition parameters, the synthesis was extended to included the m = 2-4 compounds. These compounds display interesting electronic behavior that suggests the band structure shifts considerably as the SnSe block is expanded, affecting the interaction between the constituent layers. The first compound based on BiSe is then reported, suggesting that the Bi structure donates more conduction electrons to the band structure. Targeted substitution through kinetic control is the focus of Section 2, and a family of (PbxSn1-xSe)1+δTiSe2 is reported over the entire range of x, even though a miscibility gap exists in the bulk PbxSn1-xSe system. The resulting alloyed intergrowth compounds also display equal or higher mobility than the end members, suggesting modulation doping could be used to affect transport properties. As a proof of principle, the analogous system based on a BixSn1-xSe constituent was prepared to attempt to systematically affect carrier concentration. It was found that while carrier concentration can be controlled, the evolving structure affects the doping efficiency of the Bi atoms and mobility in the structure. Section 3 outlines attempts to form higher order TiSe2-based heterostructures and the important chemical considerations observed during the preparation of these materials. The 3 component systems in the Pb-Sn-Ti-Se system can be formed at low temperature, with SnSe2 rather than SnSe. While at higher temperatures, topotactic reactions occur, causing rearrangement to the alloyed rocksalt structure. Compounds within the alloy system with m > 1 are presented which show surface segregation of Pb atoms, and a designed experiment suggests this is a thermodynamic effect. This dissertation includes previously published and unpublished coauthored material. Title: Stability, Reactivity, and Constituent Interaction in TiSe2-Based Metastable Misfit Layer Compounds Synthesized from Designed Amorphous Precursors Author: Merrill, Devin Year: 2016 A series of intergrowth compounds with the basic formula [(MSe)1+δ]m(TiSe2)n are reported. The compounds are prepared from modulated elemental reactants and display interesting structural and electronic behavior. Section 1 of this dissertation outlines initial attempts to characterize constituent interaction. The first member of the SnSe based subclass is reported and displays the highest Seebeck coefficient of any m = n = 1 compound reported to date, and a surprising amount of order is observed, compared to previously reported compounds. With properly established deposition parameters, the synthesis was extended to included the m = 2-4 compounds. These compounds display interesting electronic behavior that suggests the band structure shifts considerably as the SnSe block is expanded, affecting the interaction between the constituent layers. The first compound based on BiSe is then reported, suggesting that the Bi structure donates more conduction electrons to the band structure. Targeted substitution through kinetic control is the focus of Section 2, and a family of (PbxSn1-xSe)1+δTiSe2 is reported over the entire range of x, even though a miscibility gap exists in the bulk PbxSn1-xSe system. The resulting alloyed intergrowth compounds also display equal or higher mobility than the end members, suggesting modulation doping could be used to affect transport properties. As a proof of principle, the analogous system based on a BixSn1-xSe constituent was prepared to attempt to systematically affect carrier concentration. It was found that while carrier concentration can be controlled, the evolving structure affects the doping efficiency of the Bi atoms and mobility in the structure. Section 3 outlines attempts to form higher order TiSe2-based heterostructures and the important chemical considerations observed during the preparation of these materials. The 3 component systems in the Pb-Sn-Ti-Se system can be formed at low temperature, with SnSe2 rather than SnSe. While at higher temperatures, topotactic reactions occur, causing rearrangement to the alloyed rocksalt structure. Compounds within the alloy system with m > 1 are presented which show surface segregation of Pb atoms, and a designed experiment suggests this is a thermodynamic effect. This dissertation includes previously published and unpublished coauthored material. Close

• 38. [Article] Potential Impacts of Climate Change on Hood Canal Hypoxia

  31 pages

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Potential Impacts of Climate Change on Hood Canal Hypoxia Author: Schandl, Maria Year: 2017, 2015 31 pages Title: Potential Impacts of Climate Change on Hood Canal Hypoxia Author: Schandl, Maria Year: 2017, 2015 31 pages Close

• 39. [Article] Understanding Anaerobic Oxidation of Methane in a Climate-Manipulated Northern Peatland

  44 pages

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Understanding Anaerobic Oxidation of Methane in a Climate-Manipulated Northern Peatland Author: Brunik, Kaitlin Year: 2017 44 pages Title: Understanding Anaerobic Oxidation of Methane in a Climate-Manipulated Northern Peatland Author: Brunik, Kaitlin Year: 2017 44 pages Close

• 40. [Article] Climate Change Impacts on the Productivity and Community Dynamics of Pacific Northwest Prairie Systems

  1 page poster

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Climate Change Impacts on the Productivity and Community Dynamics of Pacific Northwest Prairie Systems Author: Okotie-Oyekan, Aimee Year: 2017 1 page poster Title: Climate Change Impacts on the Productivity and Community Dynamics of Pacific Northwest Prairie Systems Author: Okotie-Oyekan, Aimee Year: 2017 1 page poster Close