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• 1. [Article] Assessing Fungal Decay of Wood by Small-scale Toughness Tests

  Impact bending and breaking radius were used to measure loss in toughness caused by basidiomycetes isolated from wood. Small test pieces were used to accelerate testing. Wide differences were found among, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Assessing Fungal Decay of Wood by Small-scale Toughness Tests Author: Sexton, Camille M., Morrell, Jeffrey J., Corden, Malcolm E. Impact bending and breaking radius were used to measure loss in toughness caused by basidiomycetes isolated from wood. Small test pieces were used to accelerate testing. Wide differences were found among, and sometimes within, the 26 species tested. Brown-rot fungi tended to cause greater losses than white-rot fungi, but no consistent difference was found between monokaryons and dikaryons of the same species. Title: Assessing Fungal Decay of Wood by Small-scale Toughness Tests Author: Sexton, Camille M., Morrell, Jeffrey J., Corden, Malcolm E. Impact bending and breaking radius were used to measure loss in toughness caused by basidiomycetes isolated from wood. Small test pieces were used to accelerate testing. Wide differences were found among, and sometimes within, the 26 species tested. Brown-rot fungi tended to cause greater losses than white-rot fungi, but no consistent difference was found between monokaryons and dikaryons of the same species. Close

• 2. [Article] Fungal staining of ponderosa pine sapwood: Effects of wood preconditioning and bioprotectants

  Differences in stain susceptibility were evaluated on sterile and unsterile samples of freshly sawn, frozen and thawed, or oven-dried and rewetted ponderosa pine sapwood. Samples treated with sterile medium ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Fungal staining of ponderosa pine sapwood: Effects of wood preconditioning and bioprotectants Author: Sexton, Camille M., Morrell, Jeffrey J. Differences in stain susceptibility were evaluated on sterile and unsterile samples of freshly sawn, frozen and thawed, or oven-dried and rewetted ponderosa pine sapwood. Samples treated with sterile medium or with medium inoculated with either Pseudomonas putida or Bacillus subtilis were inoculated with selected wood-staining fungi. In general, fresh unsterile samples were less stained than either frozen or oven-dried wood. Sterilization by either steaming or gamma irradiation generally eliminated the differences in degree of stain noted in unsterilized specimens exposed to the various initial wood conditions. Sterilization alters either the microflora or the nutritional quality of the wood, enhancing fungal wood-staining. Therefore, unsterile, freshly sawn wood should be used in assessing the efficacy of bioprotectants. Title: Fungal staining of ponderosa pine sapwood: Effects of wood preconditioning and bioprotectants Author: Sexton, Camille M., Morrell, Jeffrey J. Differences in stain susceptibility were evaluated on sterile and unsterile samples of freshly sawn, frozen and thawed, or oven-dried and rewetted ponderosa pine sapwood. Samples treated with sterile medium or with medium inoculated with either Pseudomonas putida or Bacillus subtilis were inoculated with selected wood-staining fungi. In general, fresh unsterile samples were less stained than either frozen or oven-dried wood. Sterilization by either steaming or gamma irradiation generally eliminated the differences in degree of stain noted in unsterilized specimens exposed to the various initial wood conditions. Sterilization alters either the microflora or the nutritional quality of the wood, enhancing fungal wood-staining. Therefore, unsterile, freshly sawn wood should be used in assessing the efficacy of bioprotectants. Close

• 3. [Article] Controlling decay fungi in Douglas-fir heartwood with pelletized sodium n-methyldithiocarbamate

  A small block test was used in assessing whether pelletized sodium n-methyldithiocarbamate (NaMDC) would decompose and produce methylisothiocyanate (MITC) and thereby eliminate Antrodia carbonica colonies ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Controlling decay fungi in Douglas-fir heartwood with pelletized sodium n-methyldithiocarbamate Author: Sexton, Camille M., Morrell, Jeffrey J., Newbill, Mark A. A small block test was used in assessing whether pelletized sodium n-methyldithiocarbamate (NaMDC) would decompose and produce methylisothiocyanate (MITC) and thereby eliminate Antrodia carbonica colonies from Douglas-fir heartwood. Also evaluated were the effects of wood moisture content, dosage, incubation period, pH level, and presence of copper sulfate on percentage of kill of the fungus and amount of MITC in the wood. Increasing moisture content produced the most dramatic increases in MITC production and fungal control. The effects of pH and the presence of copper ions were more variable. The results indicate that pelletized NaMDC can effectively control fungal infestations in Douglas-fir heartwood. Field studies are planned. Title: Controlling decay fungi in Douglas-fir heartwood with pelletized sodium n-methyldithiocarbamate Author: Sexton, Camille M., Morrell, Jeffrey J., Newbill, Mark A. A small block test was used in assessing whether pelletized sodium n-methyldithiocarbamate (NaMDC) would decompose and produce methylisothiocyanate (MITC) and thereby eliminate Antrodia carbonica colonies from Douglas-fir heartwood. Also evaluated were the effects of wood moisture content, dosage, incubation period, pH level, and presence of copper sulfate on percentage of kill of the fungus and amount of MITC in the wood. Increasing moisture content produced the most dramatic increases in MITC production and fungal control. The effects of pH and the presence of copper ions were more variable. The results indicate that pelletized NaMDC can effectively control fungal infestations in Douglas-fir heartwood. Field studies are planned. Close

• 4. [Article] The effect of pH on decomposition of Mylone (dazomet) and tridipam to fungitoxic methylisothiocyanate in wood

  Mylone@ and tridipam are two solid chemicals that decompose to produce methylisothiocyanate (MIT), a highly effective wood fumigant. In this study, two techniques -- a rapid, test-tube method and small-scale, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The effect of pH on decomposition of Mylone (dazomet) and tridipam to fungitoxic methylisothiocyanate in wood Author: Lebow, Stan, Morrell, Jeffrey J., Sexton, Camille M. Mylone@ and tridipam are two solid chemicals that decompose to produce methylisothiocyanate (MIT), a highly effective wood fumigant. In this study, two techniques -- a rapid, test-tube method and small-scale, wood-block assay -- were used to determine the effect of the pH of various chemical buffers on the decomposition of Mylone@ and tridipam in Douglas-fir heartwood samples colonized by Poria carbonica. Both chemicals were sensitive to pH, and higher levels of MIT were produced as the pH of the buffers increased. In general, fungal survival was not affected 1 week after chemical treatment. Complete control of P. carbonica, however, resulted after 4 weeks of exposure to 50 mg Mylone@/block or 150 mg tridipam/block, when each chemical was combined with a pH-12 buffer. These results suggest that regulating fumigant treatments according to the degree of fungal attack can substantially improve the precision of decay control in wood maintenance programs. Title: The effect of pH on decomposition of Mylone (dazomet) and tridipam to fungitoxic methylisothiocyanate in wood Author: Lebow, Stan, Morrell, Jeffrey J., Sexton, Camille M. Mylone@ and tridipam are two solid chemicals that decompose to produce methylisothiocyanate (MIT), a highly effective wood fumigant. In this study, two techniques -- a rapid, test-tube method and small-scale, wood-block assay -- were used to determine the effect of the pH of various chemical buffers on the decomposition of Mylone@ and tridipam in Douglas-fir heartwood samples colonized by Poria carbonica. Both chemicals were sensitive to pH, and higher levels of MIT were produced as the pH of the buffers increased. In general, fungal survival was not affected 1 week after chemical treatment. Complete control of P. carbonica, however, resulted after 4 weeks of exposure to 50 mg Mylone@/block or 150 mg tridipam/block, when each chemical was combined with a pH-12 buffer. These results suggest that regulating fumigant treatments according to the degree of fungal attack can substantially improve the precision of decay control in wood maintenance programs. Close