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• 1. [Article] A GIS Methodology for Assessing the Growth Impacts of Highway Improvements

  This paper presents a methodology to assess the induced land use effects of state highway improvements on urban development patterns. The methodology is applied to the case study City of Hillsboro, Oregon ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A GIS Methodology for Assessing the Growth Impacts of Highway Improvements Author: Sanchez, Thomas W., Dueker, Kenneth Year: 1998 This paper presents a methodology to assess the induced land use effects of state highway improvements on urban development patterns. The methodology is applied to the case study City of Hillsboro, Oregon and illustrates a framework for data management and analysis. A set of temporal land use characteristics and spatial measures are used as predictors of urban development activities resulting from highway accessibility improvements. A multiple regression analysis tests the significance of these variables in predicting rates and locations of urban development. The primary objective of this research is to identify the relationship between capacity increasing highway improvements and changes in urban development. The analysis provides quantifiable indicators that describe the urban development trends associated with the City of Hillsboro. Title: A GIS Methodology for Assessing the Growth Impacts of Highway Improvements Author: Sanchez, Thomas W., Dueker, Kenneth Year: 1998 This paper presents a methodology to assess the induced land use effects of state highway improvements on urban development patterns. The methodology is applied to the case study City of Hillsboro, Oregon and illustrates a framework for data management and analysis. A set of temporal land use characteristics and spatial measures are used as predictors of urban development activities resulting from highway accessibility improvements. A multiple regression analysis tests the significance of these variables in predicting rates and locations of urban development. The primary objective of this research is to identify the relationship between capacity increasing highway improvements and changes in urban development. The analysis provides quantifiable indicators that describe the urban development trends associated with the City of Hillsboro. Close

• 2. [Article] ORBIT: The Oregon Road Base Information Team, A Draft Summary Report

  It is clear that transportation organizations across the nation are integrating GIS into operations at many different levels—from day to day use for data display, to full-scale enterprise level integration ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: ORBIT: The Oregon Road Base Information Team, A Draft Summary Report Author: Bosworth, Mark, Dueker, Kenneth, Wuest, Philip J. Year: 1998 It is clear that transportation organizations across the nation are integrating GIS into operations at many different levels—from day to day use for data display, to full-scale enterprise level integration for operations, inventory management, research and a variety of other purposes. The cost of building and maintaining a current and accurate GIS database can be substantial within any given organization. For some smaller level organizations—small counties, cities or special districts, the cost of gathering data, organizing it and implementing systems within expensive software on an expensive operating platform can be downright discouraging. Also, as more complex data structures are accumulated a window for more comprehensive modeling and analysis of regional issues is opened. Each of these trends alone provide ample incentive to develop data standards that can be applied to all systems to facilitate data sharing between organizations for system development, system update, or project specific purposes. Taken together these trends provide an imperative to develop data-sharing standards. Title: ORBIT: The Oregon Road Base Information Team, A Draft Summary Report Author: Bosworth, Mark, Dueker, Kenneth, Wuest, Philip J. Year: 1998 It is clear that transportation organizations across the nation are integrating GIS into operations at many different levels—from day to day use for data display, to full-scale enterprise level integration for operations, inventory management, research and a variety of other purposes. The cost of building and maintaining a current and accurate GIS database can be substantial within any given organization. For some smaller level organizations—small counties, cities or special districts, the cost of gathering data, organizing it and implementing systems within expensive software on an expensive operating platform can be downright discouraging. Also, as more complex data structures are accumulated a window for more comprehensive modeling and analysis of regional issues is opened. Each of these trends alone provide ample incentive to develop data standards that can be applied to all systems to facilitate data sharing between organizations for system development, system update, or project specific purposes. Taken together these trends provide an imperative to develop data-sharing standards. Close

• 3. [Article] GIS-T Data Sharing Issues

  The purpose of this paper is to develop a framework and principles for sharing of transportation data. The framework is intended to clarify roles of the various participants and the principles are intended ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: GIS-T Data Sharing Issues Author: Dueker, Kenneth, Butler, J. Allison Year: 1999 The purpose of this paper is to develop a framework and principles for sharing of transportation data. The framework is intended to clarify roles of the various participants and the principles are intended to provide guidance for the participants. Both the framework and the principles are based on a GIS-T data model that defines relations among transportation data elements. (See Dueker and Butler (1998) for a detailed description of the data model. A simplified version is provided in the next section.) The data model guards against ambiguities and provides a basis for the development of the framework and principles for sharing of transportation data. Title: GIS-T Data Sharing Issues Author: Dueker, Kenneth, Butler, J. Allison Year: 1999 The purpose of this paper is to develop a framework and principles for sharing of transportation data. The framework is intended to clarify roles of the various participants and the principles are intended to provide guidance for the participants. Both the framework and the principles are based on a GIS-T data model that defines relations among transportation data elements. (See Dueker and Butler (1998) for a detailed description of the data model. A simplified version is provided in the next section.) The data model guards against ambiguities and provides a basis for the development of the framework and principles for sharing of transportation data. Close

• 4. [Article] Building and Maintaining a Statewide Transportation Framework

  Creating and maintaining up-to-date sharable Geographic Information SystemsTransportation (GIS-T) data is challenging. Many states are working on Transportation Framework efforts to build a complete, consistent, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Building and Maintaining a Statewide Transportation Framework Author: Dueker, Kenneth, Bender, Paul Year: 2002 Creating and maintaining up-to-date sharable Geographic Information SystemsTransportation (GIS-T) data is challenging. Many states are working on Transportation Framework efforts to build a complete, consistent, and current transportation data layer in conjunction with the NSDI and Geospatial One-Stop efforts. This paper summarizes an effort that systematically re-examined transportation data sharing issues as part of the development of a Transportation Framework for the State of Washington. Business needs were assessed in terms of spatial and temporal accuracy needs of stakeholders and users of a state-wide Transportation Framework. A conceptual model was developed for a Transportation Framework with emphasis on data flows to update and maintain it and other transportation databases. The paper concludes with a synthesis of issues, including determining the desired robustness of the Transportation Framework and cost allocation principles for possible add-on enhancements. Title: Building and Maintaining a Statewide Transportation Framework Author: Dueker, Kenneth, Bender, Paul Year: 2002 Creating and maintaining up-to-date sharable Geographic Information SystemsTransportation (GIS-T) data is challenging. Many states are working on Transportation Framework efforts to build a complete, consistent, and current transportation data layer in conjunction with the NSDI and Geospatial One-Stop efforts. This paper summarizes an effort that systematically re-examined transportation data sharing issues as part of the development of a Transportation Framework for the State of Washington. Business needs were assessed in terms of spatial and temporal accuracy needs of stakeholders and users of a state-wide Transportation Framework. A conceptual model was developed for a Transportation Framework with emphasis on data flows to update and maintain it and other transportation databases. The paper concludes with a synthesis of issues, including determining the desired robustness of the Transportation Framework and cost allocation principles for possible add-on enhancements. Close

• 5. [Article] ORBIT: The Oregon Road base Information Team Draft Summary Report II

  Data sharing among organizations has the potential to 1) decrease long-term costs of obtaining and maintaining data and 2) to facilitate data consistency and accuracy. Consistency includes both completeness ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: ORBIT: The Oregon Road base Information Team Draft Summary Report II Author: Bender, Paul, Bosworth, Mark, Dueker, Kenneth Year: 1999 Data sharing among organizations has the potential to 1) decrease long-term costs of obtaining and maintaining data and 2) to facilitate data consistency and accuracy. Consistency includes both completeness and currency, while accuracy includes positional and relative accuracy of transportation features and their attributes, i.e. any data element related to roads or other transportation infrastructure. ORBIT, the Oregon Road Base Information Team, is an ongoing effort to create an accessible and comprehensive GIS transportation base for use by public and private agencies with shared stewardship through stakeholder partnerships and standards. ORBIT is occurring concurrently with an effort at the national level to develop an NSDI Framework Transportation Identification Standard to enhance the development and implementation of principles and procedures for sharing of transportation data Title: ORBIT: The Oregon Road base Information Team Draft Summary Report II Author: Bender, Paul, Bosworth, Mark, Dueker, Kenneth Year: 1999 Data sharing among organizations has the potential to 1) decrease long-term costs of obtaining and maintaining data and 2) to facilitate data consistency and accuracy. Consistency includes both completeness and currency, while accuracy includes positional and relative accuracy of transportation features and their attributes, i.e. any data element related to roads or other transportation infrastructure. ORBIT, the Oregon Road Base Information Team, is an ongoing effort to create an accessible and comprehensive GIS transportation base for use by public and private agencies with shared stewardship through stakeholder partnerships and standards. ORBIT is occurring concurrently with an effort at the national level to develop an NSDI Framework Transportation Identification Standard to enhance the development and implementation of principles and procedures for sharing of transportation data Close

• 6. [Article] White Paper on Issues and Strategies for Building a State Transportation Framework

  The purpose of this white paper is to systematically re-examine transportation data sharing issues that have been discussed at length, but in a manner to foster final decisions and closure. In some cases, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: White Paper on Issues and Strategies for Building a State Transportation Framework Author: Dueker, Kenneth, Bender, Paul Year: 2002 The purpose of this white paper is to systematically re-examine transportation data sharing issues that have been discussed at length, but in a manner to foster final decisions and closure. In some cases, choices among alternatives may require more detailed analysis or pilot studies. The development of this document has benefited from discussion at the Interorganizational Resource Information Coordinating Council (IRICC) Roads Committee, which has led to this consensus document. This sixth and final version serves to draw the process to a close and recommends a twofold approach to the development of a Transportation Framework. It also recommends six pilot studies to examine remaining issues in more detail. Title: White Paper on Issues and Strategies for Building a State Transportation Framework Author: Dueker, Kenneth, Bender, Paul Year: 2002 The purpose of this white paper is to systematically re-examine transportation data sharing issues that have been discussed at length, but in a manner to foster final decisions and closure. In some cases, choices among alternatives may require more detailed analysis or pilot studies. The development of this document has benefited from discussion at the Interorganizational Resource Information Coordinating Council (IRICC) Roads Committee, which has led to this consensus document. This sixth and final version serves to draw the process to a close and recommends a twofold approach to the development of a Transportation Framework. It also recommends six pilot studies to examine remaining issues in more detail. Close

• 7. [Article] Sharing Transportation GIS Data

  Updating and maintaining Geographic Information Systems-Transportation data (GIS-T data) is proving difficult. Different database formats needed to support diverse applications leads to inconsistencies ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Sharing Transportation GIS Data Author: Dueker, Kenneth, Bender, Paul, Zhang, Jihong Year: 2000 Updating and maintaining Geographic Information Systems-Transportation data (GIS-T data) is proving difficult. Different database formats needed to support diverse applications leads to inconsistencies and inaccuracies, and duplication in updating. Dueker and Butler (1998) have proposed an Enterprise GIS-T data model that unbundles the various components of transportation data (network links, cartography, and attributes) to facilitate generating application-specific networks, and which eases updating and maintenance. However, developers of existing application-specific databases that employ integrated data models that bundle the network link with cartography and attributes are reluctant to step back to an intermediate form for managing their data. Consequently, attention is given in this report to the development of a method of incorporating transportation system changes directly to existing application- specific networks. Title: Sharing Transportation GIS Data Author: Dueker, Kenneth, Bender, Paul, Zhang, Jihong Year: 2000 Updating and maintaining Geographic Information Systems-Transportation data (GIS-T data) is proving difficult. Different database formats needed to support diverse applications leads to inconsistencies and inaccuracies, and duplication in updating. Dueker and Butler (1998) have proposed an Enterprise GIS-T data model that unbundles the various components of transportation data (network links, cartography, and attributes) to facilitate generating application-specific networks, and which eases updating and maintenance. However, developers of existing application-specific databases that employ integrated data models that bundle the network link with cartography and attributes are reluctant to step back to an intermediate form for managing their data. Consequently, attention is given in this report to the development of a method of incorporating transportation system changes directly to existing application- specific networks. Close

• 8. [Article] A Proposed Method of Transportation Feature Identification

  Geographic information systems (GIS) are being increasingly deployed by transportation agencies to help them display, review, and utilize data. The primary items of interest are transportation facilities ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A Proposed Method of Transportation Feature Identification Author: Butler, J. Allison, Dueker, Kenneth Year: 1998 Geographic information systems (GIS) are being increasingly deployed by transportation agencies to help them display, review, and utilize data. The primary items of interest are transportation facilities and services, which may take the form of highways, airports, bus routes, and seaports, among others. Using GIS software, transportation facilities are represented as geometric shapes; i.e., points, lines, and areas. However, it is increasingly apparent to GIS users in the field of transportation that a geometry-based approach is not sufficient. The offered solution is to develop a feature-based GIS approach for transportation. The central requirement of such an approach is to have an unambiguously identified set of transportation features and a means of locating related features and attributes on or adjacent to the transportation features. For linear transportation features, the common location referencing system (LRS) is also linear. Usually based on milepoint offsets from a beginning point, linear LRSs are widely used by transportation agencies to locate data stored in numerous legacy databases. Some agencies may have multiple linear LRSs for various applications or topical areas. Data users unfamiliar with linear LRSs have difficulty using highway data provided by transportation agencies, and the correlation of linear and non-linear LRSs is generally quite difficult. The result is that sharing of digital road map databases within and among organizations is difficult since there are no consistent ways of representing transportation features, and different decision rules exist as to what features to include and how they are identified. Numerous efforts are underway to develop a national standard for linear LRS design and implementation, including a set of field procedures to ensure that needed accuracy is achieved. This paper will describe a means to unambiguously define transportation features using a simple set of naming rules. These rules will support linear and other forms of LRS for all types of transportation features, including airports, seaports, railroads, highways, transit services, bridges, intersections, signs, and related facilities and services. Such features may be displayed at multiple scales as point, line, and area graphical objects. Title: A Proposed Method of Transportation Feature Identification Author: Butler, J. Allison, Dueker, Kenneth Year: 1998 Geographic information systems (GIS) are being increasingly deployed by transportation agencies to help them display, review, and utilize data. The primary items of interest are transportation facilities and services, which may take the form of highways, airports, bus routes, and seaports, among others. Using GIS software, transportation facilities are represented as geometric shapes; i.e., points, lines, and areas. However, it is increasingly apparent to GIS users in the field of transportation that a geometry-based approach is not sufficient. The offered solution is to develop a feature-based GIS approach for transportation. The central requirement of such an approach is to have an unambiguously identified set of transportation features and a means of locating related features and attributes on or adjacent to the transportation features. For linear transportation features, the common location referencing system (LRS) is also linear. Usually based on milepoint offsets from a beginning point, linear LRSs are widely used by transportation agencies to locate data stored in numerous legacy databases. Some agencies may have multiple linear LRSs for various applications or topical areas. Data users unfamiliar with linear LRSs have difficulty using highway data provided by transportation agencies, and the correlation of linear and non-linear LRSs is generally quite difficult. The result is that sharing of digital road map databases within and among organizations is difficult since there are no consistent ways of representing transportation features, and different decision rules exist as to what features to include and how they are identified. Numerous efforts are underway to develop a national standard for linear LRS design and implementation, including a set of field procedures to ensure that needed accuracy is achieved. This paper will describe a means to unambiguously define transportation features using a simple set of naming rules. These rules will support linear and other forms of LRS for all types of transportation features, including airports, seaports, railroads, highways, transit services, bridges, intersections, signs, and related facilities and services. Such features may be displayed at multiple scales as point, line, and area graphical objects. Close

• 9. [Article] A Framework for GIS-T Data Sharing

  This paper develops a framework and principles for sharing of transportation data. The framework is intended to clarify roles among participants, data producers, data integrators, and data users. The principles ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A Framework for GIS-T Data Sharing Author: Dueker, Kenneth, Butler, J. Allison Year: 2000 This paper develops a framework and principles for sharing of transportation data. The framework is intended to clarify roles among participants, data producers, data integrators, and data users. The principles are intended to provide guidance for the participants. Both the framework and the principles are based on an enterprise GIS-T data model that defines relations among transportation data elements. The data model guards against ambiguities and provides a basis for the development of the framework and principles for sharing of transportation data. There are two central principles. First is the uncoupling of graphics, topology, position, and characteristics. Second is the establishment of a schema for transportation features and their identifiers. An underlying principle is the need for a common data model that holds transportation features—not their graphical representations—as the objects of interest. Attributes of transportation features are represented as linear and point events that are located along the feature using linear referencing. Sharing of transportation data involves exchange of relevant transportation features and events, not links and nodes of application-specific databases. Strategies for the sharing of transportation features follow from this approach. The key strategy is to identify features in the database to facilitate a transactional update system, one that does not require rebuilding the entire database anew. This feature-oriented enterprise GIS-T database becomes the basis for building separate application-specific network databases. Title: A Framework for GIS-T Data Sharing Author: Dueker, Kenneth, Butler, J. Allison Year: 2000 This paper develops a framework and principles for sharing of transportation data. The framework is intended to clarify roles among participants, data producers, data integrators, and data users. The principles are intended to provide guidance for the participants. Both the framework and the principles are based on an enterprise GIS-T data model that defines relations among transportation data elements. The data model guards against ambiguities and provides a basis for the development of the framework and principles for sharing of transportation data. There are two central principles. First is the uncoupling of graphics, topology, position, and characteristics. Second is the establishment of a schema for transportation features and their identifiers. An underlying principle is the need for a common data model that holds transportation features—not their graphical representations—as the objects of interest. Attributes of transportation features are represented as linear and point events that are located along the feature using linear referencing. Sharing of transportation data involves exchange of relevant transportation features and events, not links and nodes of application-specific databases. Strategies for the sharing of transportation features follow from this approach. The key strategy is to identify features in the database to facilitate a transactional update system, one that does not require rebuilding the entire database anew. This feature-oriented enterprise GIS-T database becomes the basis for building separate application-specific network databases. Close