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• 1. [Article] An exploratory study of the social factors of small dam removal : Chiloquin Dam at Sprague River Mile 0.87, Oregon

  Several reports related to dams and dam removal have been released this decade by non-governmental organizations including Dam Removal: Science and Decision Making by The Heinz Center which focused on ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: An exploratory study of the social factors of small dam removal : Chiloquin Dam at Sprague River Mile 0.87, Oregon Author: Hatch, Jason M. Several reports related to dams and dam removal have been released this decade by non-governmental organizations including Dam Removal: Science and Decision Making by The Heinz Center which focused on small dams, since most of the dams removed to date as well as those likely to be removed in the near future fall into this category. The report found that there is a need for case study social research on small dam removal. Accordingly, this thesis seeks to identify the social and policy factors that influenced the decision to remove Chiloquin Dam on the Sprague River, Oregon. This irrigation diversion dam was constructed from 1914-1918 for the Klamath Tribes under the federal Indian Irrigation Service program and subsequently transferred to the Modoc Point Irrigation District in 1973, after termination of the Tribes by the federal Government. Chiloquin Dam was identified in a 1988 Endangered Species Act listing as a primary factor in Lost River and shortnose sucker species decline, a species of cultural significance for the Klamath Tribes. Although early reports, including those by Klamath Project irrigators, called for improved fish passage at Chiloquin Dam, it was not until jeopardy biological opinions triggered a shut off of water to the federal irrigation project in 2001, that Chiloquin Dam became a priority. Directed by legislation, the United States Bureau of Reclamation convened stakeholders in the Chiloquin Dam Fish Passage Study for nine months in 2002-2003 to determine a preferred alternative for fish passage, of which dam removal was recommended. To identify the social and policy factors that influenced the Chiloquin Dam removal decision, 21 informants were interviewed including participants in the Fish Passage Study as well as those involved in the 1988 Endangered Species Act (ESA) listing. Among the findings, respondents perceived that the ESA was the driving policy force, along with tribal restoration (the tribal trust responsibility) in the dam removal decision. Modoc Point Irrigation District members (Off-project) and tribal respondents believe that the dam removal was motivated by political support for Klamath Project irrigators. Despite these beliefs and divergent expectations for Chiloquin Dam fish passage, with the political imperative and resources, an agreement was reached in which each party had their needs addressed. An analysis using the social construction model found that the events of 2001 threatened to push irrigation interests from a powerful advantaged political position. The Fish Passage Study presented capacity and inducement instruments that responded to irrigation and tribal concerns and may also serve to restore the irrigation position as an advantaged social construction. Overall, uncertain science, differing beliefs of what dam removal would mean, and a lack of political priority served to delay action on fish passage at Chiloquin Dam from the ESA listing in 1988. Title: An exploratory study of the social factors of small dam removal : Chiloquin Dam at Sprague River Mile 0.87, Oregon Author: Hatch, Jason M. Several reports related to dams and dam removal have been released this decade by non-governmental organizations including Dam Removal: Science and Decision Making by The Heinz Center which focused on small dams, since most of the dams removed to date as well as those likely to be removed in the near future fall into this category. The report found that there is a need for case study social research on small dam removal. Accordingly, this thesis seeks to identify the social and policy factors that influenced the decision to remove Chiloquin Dam on the Sprague River, Oregon. This irrigation diversion dam was constructed from 1914-1918 for the Klamath Tribes under the federal Indian Irrigation Service program and subsequently transferred to the Modoc Point Irrigation District in 1973, after termination of the Tribes by the federal Government. Chiloquin Dam was identified in a 1988 Endangered Species Act listing as a primary factor in Lost River and shortnose sucker species decline, a species of cultural significance for the Klamath Tribes. Although early reports, including those by Klamath Project irrigators, called for improved fish passage at Chiloquin Dam, it was not until jeopardy biological opinions triggered a shut off of water to the federal irrigation project in 2001, that Chiloquin Dam became a priority. Directed by legislation, the United States Bureau of Reclamation convened stakeholders in the Chiloquin Dam Fish Passage Study for nine months in 2002-2003 to determine a preferred alternative for fish passage, of which dam removal was recommended. To identify the social and policy factors that influenced the Chiloquin Dam removal decision, 21 informants were interviewed including participants in the Fish Passage Study as well as those involved in the 1988 Endangered Species Act (ESA) listing. Among the findings, respondents perceived that the ESA was the driving policy force, along with tribal restoration (the tribal trust responsibility) in the dam removal decision. Modoc Point Irrigation District members (Off-project) and tribal respondents believe that the dam removal was motivated by political support for Klamath Project irrigators. Despite these beliefs and divergent expectations for Chiloquin Dam fish passage, with the political imperative and resources, an agreement was reached in which each party had their needs addressed. An analysis using the social construction model found that the events of 2001 threatened to push irrigation interests from a powerful advantaged political position. The Fish Passage Study presented capacity and inducement instruments that responded to irrigation and tribal concerns and may also serve to restore the irrigation position as an advantaged social construction. Overall, uncertain science, differing beliefs of what dam removal would mean, and a lack of political priority served to delay action on fish passage at Chiloquin Dam from the ESA listing in 1988. Close

• 2. [Article] A topography of dams in China : impacts to agriculture, labor, and migration

  Dams are often promoted as a tool to reduce poverty and spur economic development. Dam construction worldwide, and particularly in China, which has built nearly half the world's large dams since 1949, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A topography of dams in China : impacts to agriculture, labor, and migration Author: Foster-Moore, Eric Dams are often promoted as a tool to reduce poverty and spur economic development. Dam construction worldwide, and particularly in China, which has built nearly half the world's large dams since 1949, remains contentious due to the potential for negative environmental and socioeconomic impacts. Despite numerous case studies, there is little systematic empirical evidence about either the contribution of dams to human development or their negative impacts to humans and the environment. Identifying the impact of dams also presents a methodological challenge because dam placement is likely endogenous to socioeconomic outcomes. The topographic suitability of a landscape for dam construction provides a source of exogenous variation in dam siting, which, building on the work of previous scholars, I exploit to identify the effect of large dams on agriculture, population change, and labor allocation. My results suggest that dams have decreased grain production in the counties where they were built and have drawn labor into non-agricultural fields. Dams appear to impact population subgroups in predictable ways and create identifiable winners and losers. Title: A topography of dams in China : impacts to agriculture, labor, and migration Author: Foster-Moore, Eric Dams are often promoted as a tool to reduce poverty and spur economic development. Dam construction worldwide, and particularly in China, which has built nearly half the world's large dams since 1949, remains contentious due to the potential for negative environmental and socioeconomic impacts. Despite numerous case studies, there is little systematic empirical evidence about either the contribution of dams to human development or their negative impacts to humans and the environment. Identifying the impact of dams also presents a methodological challenge because dam placement is likely endogenous to socioeconomic outcomes. The topographic suitability of a landscape for dam construction provides a source of exogenous variation in dam siting, which, building on the work of previous scholars, I exploit to identify the effect of large dams on agriculture, population change, and labor allocation. My results suggest that dams have decreased grain production in the counties where they were built and have drawn labor into non-agricultural fields. Dams appear to impact population subgroups in predictable ways and create identifiable winners and losers. Close

• 3. [Image] Sunbean Dam

  	Sunbeam Dam on the Salmon River in Idaho, close to US 93
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Sunbean Dam Year: 2004 Sunbeam Dam on the Salmon River in Idaho, close to US 93 Title: Sunbean Dam Year: 2004 Sunbeam Dam on the Salmon River in Idaho, close to US 93 Close

• 4. [Image] Clear Lake Dam - View of dam from earth bottow [sic] pit

  	October 13, 1909; #60; Brt. Blue Album 1 through 84 (Clear Lake Dam)
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Clear Lake Dam - View of dam from earth bottow [sic] pit Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1909, 2005 October 13, 1909; #60; Brt. Blue Album 1 through 84 (Clear Lake Dam) Title: Clear Lake Dam - View of dam from earth bottow [sic] pit Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1909, 2005 October 13, 1909; #60; Brt. Blue Album 1 through 84 (Clear Lake Dam) Close

• 5. [Image] Gerber Dam - Picture shows face of dam taken from west side showing gate house

  	KP-1964-Klamath Project. Gerber Dam. Miller Creek, walk bridge, and two-thirds of dam; June 6, 1950; Photo by Andrew M. Bergloff
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Gerber Dam - Picture shows face of dam taken from west side showing gate house Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation, Bergloff, Andrew M. Year: 1950, 2007, 2005 KP-1964-Klamath Project. Gerber Dam. Miller Creek, walk bridge, and two-thirds of dam; June 6, 1950; Photo by Andrew M. Bergloff Title: Gerber Dam - Picture shows face of dam taken from west side showing gate house Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation, Bergloff, Andrew M. Year: 1950, 2007, 2005 KP-1964-Klamath Project. Gerber Dam. Miller Creek, walk bridge, and two-thirds of dam; June 6, 1950; Photo by Andrew M. Bergloff Close

• 6. [Image] Mann Creek temporary diversion dam

  	Temporary diversion dam on Mann Creek 1300 yards below US 95 bridge. The dam takes all water, approximately 1 cubic foot per second, which seeps through dam Another dam, 150 yards below, diverts the ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Mann Creek temporary diversion dam Year: 1941 Temporary diversion dam on Mann Creek 1300 yards below US 95 bridge. The dam takes all water, approximately 1 cubic foot per second, which seeps through dam Another dam, 150 yards below, diverts the rest of the water leaving a dry channel for some distance. This is a low water barrier for fish Title: Mann Creek temporary diversion dam Year: 1941 Temporary diversion dam on Mann Creek 1300 yards below US 95 bridge. The dam takes all water, approximately 1 cubic foot per second, which seeps through dam Another dam, 150 yards below, diverts the rest of the water leaving a dry channel for some distance. This is a low water barrier for fish Close

• 7. [Image] Lower Lost River Diversion Dam - Picture shows the north wingwall of dam

  	KP-1969-Klamath Project. Lower Lost River Diversion Dam. The picture shows the north wingwall of dam protecting the J-Canal Diversion Channel, also showing outlet of dam. Smith Ketchum and Luke McAnulty ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Lower Lost River Diversion Dam - Picture shows the north wingwall of dam Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation, Bergloff, Andrew M. Year: 1950, 2007, 2005 KP-1969-Klamath Project. Lower Lost River Diversion Dam. The picture shows the north wingwall of dam protecting the J-Canal Diversion Channel, also showing outlet of dam. Smith Ketchum and Luke McAnulty on top of dam outlet; June 8, 1950; Photo by Andrew M. Bergloff Title: Lower Lost River Diversion Dam - Picture shows the north wingwall of dam Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation, Bergloff, Andrew M. Year: 1950, 2007, 2005 KP-1969-Klamath Project. Lower Lost River Diversion Dam. The picture shows the north wingwall of dam protecting the J-Canal Diversion Channel, also showing outlet of dam. Smith Ketchum and Luke McAnulty on top of dam outlet; June 8, 1950; Photo by Andrew M. Bergloff Close

• 8. [Article] Relationship of inbreeding to heterosis in swine

  Records of 889 litters of three populations of swine farrowed between 1962 and 1973 were analyzed by least squares procedures. Estimates were obtained for the effects of age and inbreeding of dam, inbreeding ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Relationship of inbreeding to heterosis in swine Author: Liu, Lillian Ling-Ling Records of 889 litters of three populations of swine farrowed between 1962 and 1973 were analyzed by least squares procedures. Estimates were obtained for the effects of age and inbreeding of dam, inbreeding of litter, inbreeding of dam's dam and inbreeding of the sire of the litter on litter size traits and weight at birth and at weaning. Heterosis was calculated for maternal performance of crossbred dams and for crossbred litters from purebred dams. Positive significant effects of age of dam were found on total number born at birth in all three populations, on average pig birth weight in Yorkshires and in Composites, and on number of pigs born alive in Composites. Inbreeding of dam showed negative significant effects on litter size at birth in Yorkshires and in all of the litter traits except average pig birth weight in Composites. The only positive significant effect of inbreeding of dam was on average pig birth weight in Berkshires. Inbreeding of litter had no significant effect in Composites, negative significant effects on number of pigs at weaning, percent survival and average birth weight in Yorkshires, and on all the litter traits except total number born and average pig birth weight in Berkshires. Inbreeding of dam's dam had no significant effect on any litter trait except a highly positive one on number of pigs weaned in Yorkshires. Inbreeding of sire of litter showed a highly positive significant effect on average pig birth weight in Berkshires, a negative significant effect on litter size in Yorkshires and on average weaning weight in Composites. Crossbred dams showed more heterosis than crossbred litters from purebred dams for litter performance traits. The comparison between purebred and crossbred litters from purebred dams with various degrees of inbreeding were studied. Heterosis was greatest for number born alive and weaned; it tended to increase as purebred dams became more inbred. Adjustment for inbreeding decreased heterosis to levels comparable to that in non-inbred dams. Title: Relationship of inbreeding to heterosis in swine Author: Liu, Lillian Ling-Ling Records of 889 litters of three populations of swine farrowed between 1962 and 1973 were analyzed by least squares procedures. Estimates were obtained for the effects of age and inbreeding of dam, inbreeding of litter, inbreeding of dam's dam and inbreeding of the sire of the litter on litter size traits and weight at birth and at weaning. Heterosis was calculated for maternal performance of crossbred dams and for crossbred litters from purebred dams. Positive significant effects of age of dam were found on total number born at birth in all three populations, on average pig birth weight in Yorkshires and in Composites, and on number of pigs born alive in Composites. Inbreeding of dam showed negative significant effects on litter size at birth in Yorkshires and in all of the litter traits except average pig birth weight in Composites. The only positive significant effect of inbreeding of dam was on average pig birth weight in Berkshires. Inbreeding of litter had no significant effect in Composites, negative significant effects on number of pigs at weaning, percent survival and average birth weight in Yorkshires, and on all the litter traits except total number born and average pig birth weight in Berkshires. Inbreeding of dam's dam had no significant effect on any litter trait except a highly positive one on number of pigs weaned in Yorkshires. Inbreeding of sire of litter showed a highly positive significant effect on average pig birth weight in Berkshires, a negative significant effect on litter size in Yorkshires and on average weaning weight in Composites. Crossbred dams showed more heterosis than crossbred litters from purebred dams for litter performance traits. The comparison between purebred and crossbred litters from purebred dams with various degrees of inbreeding were studied. Heterosis was greatest for number born alive and weaned; it tended to increase as purebred dams became more inbred. Adjustment for inbreeding decreased heterosis to levels comparable to that in non-inbred dams. Close

• 9. [Image] CLEAR LAKE DAM - Clear Lake Dam spillway

  	KP-2372-R2 - Klamath Project --CLEAR LAKE DAM. Looking west from dam showing spillway and building for attendant. (Attendant service discontined in 1954); December 1956; Photo by L. McAnulty
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: CLEAR LAKE DAM - Clear Lake Dam spillway Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation, McAnulty, L. Year: 1956, 2007, 2006 KP-2372-R2 - Klamath Project --CLEAR LAKE DAM. Looking west from dam showing spillway and building for attendant. (Attendant service discontined in 1954); December 1956; Photo by L. McAnulty Title: CLEAR LAKE DAM - Clear Lake Dam spillway Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation, McAnulty, L. Year: 1956, 2007, 2006 KP-2372-R2 - Klamath Project --CLEAR LAKE DAM. Looking west from dam showing spillway and building for attendant. (Attendant service discontined in 1954); December 1956; Photo by L. McAnulty Close

• 10. [Image] MALONE DAM, LANGELL VALLEY - Left wall footing on stilling pool at dam

  	KP-2575-R2-Klamath Project - MALONE DAM, LANGELL VALLEY - Left wall footing on stilling pool at dam. View shows small pocket that has eroded away during years of service; December 23, 1960; Photo by L. ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: MALONE DAM, LANGELL VALLEY - Left wall footing on stilling pool at dam Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation, MacAnulty, L. Year: 1960, 2008, 2006 KP-2575-R2-Klamath Project - MALONE DAM, LANGELL VALLEY - Left wall footing on stilling pool at dam. View shows small pocket that has eroded away during years of service; December 23, 1960; Photo by L. MacAnulty Title: MALONE DAM, LANGELL VALLEY - Left wall footing on stilling pool at dam Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation, MacAnulty, L. Year: 1960, 2008, 2006 KP-2575-R2-Klamath Project - MALONE DAM, LANGELL VALLEY - Left wall footing on stilling pool at dam. View shows small pocket that has eroded away during years of service; December 23, 1960; Photo by L. MacAnulty Close